• 한국습지학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2020

층층둥굴레는 백합과에 속하고 한국에 자생하는 다년생 초본이다. 이는 멸종위기생물종 목록에서 해제되었지만 하천변에 서식하기 때문에 빈번한 교란으로 개체군은 훼손 등 위협에 처해있다. 따라서 층층둥굴레의 기초 생태학적 특성을 밝히기 위해, 본 연구는 2년 동안 파주시의 하천변에서 자생하는 층층둥굴레의 지상부의 식물계절학 조사와 번식기관인 꽃과 열매의 수를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 층층둥굴레의 지상부는 4월 말에 출현하고 5월 말까지 약 1m로 빠르게 생장하였다. 5월 초, 1개의 꽃자루 당 2개의 꽃봉오리가 줄기 마디에 최대 6쌍까지 형성되었고, 5월 중순부터 개화하였다. 열매는 6월 중순부터 형성되어 9월 말까지 성숙하였다. 층층둥굴레의 꽃과 열매는 줄기의 기저부부터 정단부까지 차례로 달렸고, 꽃과 열매의 수는 줄기의 중앙 부분에서 가장 많이 형성하였고, 지면과 가장 가까운 마디부터 최대 5마디까지는 형성하지 않았다. 본 연구에서 밝힌 하천변에서 자생하는 층층둥굴레의 기초 생태학적 특성은 이들의 보전을 위한 기초 자료로 유용할 것이다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.474-483
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• 2021

The intake of processed foods containing high levels of sugar increases the incidence of chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Limiting sugar intake is important for a healthy life at all ages. Therefore, this study analyzed food sources and sugar intake by the different age groups based on the 7^th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We used 24-hour recall survey data to investigate the daily sugar intake and the major food groups and main dishes contributing to sugar intake. The mean sugar intake was 58.9-66.8 g/day. The three major food groups contributing to sugar intake were fruits (15.2-19.9 g/day), beverages (10.7-12.4 g/day), and milk and milk products (7.6-7.8 g/day). Teas and other non-alcoholic beverages (14.7-17.3 g/day), fruits (12.5-16.2 g/day), and dairy products (7.0-7.6 g/day) were the major food groups that contributed to the sugar intake. Carbonated drinks, apples, and milk were the top sources of sugar intake in each group. In conclusion, the sugar intake of Koreans is mainly from carbonated drinks, fruits, and milk. These results provided the basic data for nutrition education and nutrition program development according to the different age groups of the Korean population.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2001

Impact between fruits and other materials is a major cause of product damage in harvesting and handling systems. The oriental pears are more susceptible to bruising than other fruits such as European pears and apples, and are required more careful handling. The interest in the handling of the pears for the processing systems has raised the question of the allowable drop height to which pears can be dropped without causing objectionable damage. Drop tests on pears were conducted using an impact device developed by authors to estimate the allowable drop height without bruising. The impact device was constructed to hold in a selected orientation and to release a fruit by vacuum for dropping on to a force transducer. The drop height was adjustable for zero to 60 cm to achieve the desired distance between the bottom of the fruits and the top of the impact force transducer. The transducer was secured to 150 kg$\sub$f/ concrete block. The transducer signal was sampled every 0.17 ms with a strain gage measurement board in the micro computer where it was digitaly stored for later analysis. The selected sample fruit was Niitaka cultivar of pears which is one of the most promising fruit for export in Korea. The pears were harvested during the 1998 harvest season from an orchard in Daejeon. The sample fruit was selected from two groups which were stored for 3 months and 5 months respectively by the method of current commercial practice. The pears were allowed to stabilize at environmental condition(18$^{\circ}C$, 65% rh) of the experimental room. One hundred fifty six pears were tested from the heights of 5, 7.5. 10 and 12.5 cm while measurement were made of impact peak force, contact time, time to peak force, dwell time, pear diameter and mass. The bioyield strength and modulus of elasticity were measured using UTM immediately after each drop test. The allowable drop height was estimated on the base of bioyield strength of the pears in two ways. One was assumed the peak force during impact test increasing linearly with time, and the other was based on the actual drop test results. The computer program was developed for measuring the impact characteristics of the pears and analyzing the data obtained in the study. The peak force increased while contact times decreased with increasing drop height and contact times of the sample from the hard tissue group. The allowable drop height increased with increasing bioyield strength and contact times, and also varied with Poisson\`s ratio, mass and equilibrium radius of the pears. The allowable drop height calculated by a theoretical method was in the range from 1 to 4 cm, meanwhile, the estimated drop height considering the result of the impact test was in the range from 1 to 6 cm. Since the physical properties of fruits affected significantly the allowable drop height, the physical properties of the fruits should be considered when estimating the allowable drop height.

• 식물병연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.254-257
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• 2002

배나무 잎검은점병에 대한 방제대책을 검토하고자 시험을 수행하였다 이 병은 배 주산단지에 고루 발생하고 있으며 주 재배 품종인 신고에서 약 5.6% 정도 발생되었다. 농약에 의한 방제 효과는 없었고, 병 발생이 심한 나무는 수량 및 품질이 떨어지는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 방제대책으로 경제적 갱신시기는 표준수확량의 70% 수준 이하일 때 즉 발병율이 80%이상일 때 저항성 품종으로 갱신하는 것이 효과적이었다. 이 병이 심하게 발생하고있는 신고품종에 저항성품종인 수황배와 화산배를 고접갱신 한 결과 2년 차까지 병 발생이 관찰되지 않았다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2004

U.S. organic farming has grown rapidly-20 percent or more annually-throughout the 1990s, which kept pace with consumer demand for organically produced food. Thus certified organic acreage is the total to 235 million acres in 48 state in 2001, and SO the U.S. ranked fourth in land area managed under organic farming systems. And according to several surveys, consumer's reasons for purchasing organic food are health and nutrition, taste and environmental concerns. California and North Dakota were the top two states in 2001 for certified organic cropland; the former with mostly fruits and vegetables, and the latter with wheat, soybeans, and other crops. And the top two states for certified organic pasture were Colorado and Texas. And then several states such as Iowa and Minnesota have begun subsidizing conversion to organic farming systems as a way to capture the environmental benefits of these systems. The price of organic produce fluctuates rather broadly because of being traded by market economy principle and of demand-supply disequilibrium. Nevertheless, average price premiums for organic produce are higher than the prices for the produce under conventional farming. Future prospects for U.S. organic farming are as follows; Demand for organically grown foods is expected to continue growing at a rapid pace, as more growers convert to organic production and more processors and distributors expand organic selections in their product lines. And new processed products and new types of healthy foods are likely to appear on the market, and some new organic products will be aimed at mainstream markets.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.415-430
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• 2000

From March 10 to April 3, 1999. questionnaires were sent to 157 students at an university located in Hongsong. South Choongchung Province in order to find out their eating habits and exercise patterns. The analysis of the questionnaires collected reveals the followings. 1. Eating Habits 1) 76 out of total 157 respondents (48.4%) said that they skipped breakfast. The significant difference was shown in the frequency of breakfast eating based on respondents' sex. Male students had higher rate of going without breakfast (73.92%) than their female counterparts (28.41%). 2) Most respondents finished eating their meals within 20 minutes. with 58.5% spending 10 to 20 minutes. followed by 28.0% taking less than 10 minutes. 3) With respect to the frequency of eating snacks. 1 to 2 times per day came on top with 63.7%. Significant difference was shown based on sex. with male students having more frequent snacks than female students. 40.1% of those surveyed said they ate snacks because they were either bored or hungry, respectively, 67.5% took snacks after school followed by 23.6% who had snacks after dinner. 4) Concerning the frequency of taking food. 1 to 2 times per week recorded the highest mark for beta-carotine. fruits. fish. beans. milk. seaweeds and fries. As for vegetables. 6 to 7 times a week received the highest points. Males showed significantly higher frequency of taking fruits than females. while the opposite was true for beans. 5) More than 50% of the respondents chose rice and fruits as the food they could eat really well. All those surveyed ate fruits and vegetables. More than 10% of students said they did not eat donut. chocolate. candies. fries. coke and clear carbonated beverage. milk. ham and sausage. The food that revealed significant difference based on sex included ramyon, coke and clear carbonated beverages, ham and sausage, yogurt and milk, with males showing greater preference than their female counterparts. 6) The most preferred by respondents was spicy taste (49.04%), followed by sour (36.31%), sweet (25.48%), and salty tastes(21.1%). Those surveyed shunned sweet taste the most (21.02%), followed by sour (14.65%), spicy (8.92%), salty (5.10%) tastes. 2. Workout Patterns 1) 14.01% of the respondents said they took exercise. Based on sex, males showed significantly higher rate of 21.74% than 7.95% of females. Those who took exercise did so mostly three times a week. With regard to the time spent on workout. 'within 2 hours' received the highest points. Soccer was found to be the most popular sport among the respondents. The above analysis demonstrated that the students surveyed selected relatively sound answers in the categories of the food preference and taste. However. some skipped breakfast and liked eating snacks. and most did not take exercise, which may raise health problems including the weight increase. Therefore, ways should be devised to tackle such problems to ensure healthy lives.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.395-399
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• 2019

본 연구는 감나무 '갑주백목'의 발아 초기에 영하의 온도 처리에 따른 신초 생육 및 착과 특성을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 1년생 가지 당 발생된 신초 수, 착과된 신초 수, 그리고 정단부의 신초의 생장 및 착과는 영하온도 처리에 따라 뚜렷이 감소하였다. 그리고 1년생 가지 정단부에서 발생한 신초의 착과 수는 영하온도 처리에 의해 47.2% 감소하였다. 1년생 가지의 착과 신초 수는 그 가지의 눈 고사율 50% 이상 가지에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 특히, 정단부 3개의 눈에서 발생한 착과 수는 영하온도 처리와 이에 따른 눈 고사율 차이의 영향을 뚜렷하게 받았다. 영하온도처리를 받은 1년생 가지의 눈 고사율(X)과 정단부 3개의 눈에서 발생된 과실수(Y) 간 Y=-0.145X+12.950($r^2=0.4672^*$)의 유의한 관계를 나타내었다. 따라서 감나무 발아초기에 영하 온도($-2^{\circ}C$, 3시간)의 영향을 받으면 신초 생장량이 감소되고, 눈 고사율 10% 증가함에 따라 1년생 가지(정단부 3개의 눈) 당 착과 수는 1.4개 감소되는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.240-242
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• 1980

최근 전남 광산군 일원의 비닐하우스 고추 재배단지에 흰가루병이 많이 발생하고 있어 포장 조사 결과 병은 고온 다습상태하에서 발생이 많다. 이병엽은 대부분 떨어지고 위에 몇잎만 남아 착과나 수량을 저하시킨다. 병원균은 Oidiopsis taurica (Lev.) Sal.로 동정되었으며 분생포자 발아적온은 다습상태하에서 $25\~30^{\circ}C$의 범위였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제67권4호
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• pp.226-235
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• 2023

Chikungunya fever has a high morbidity rate in humans and is caused by chikungunya virus. There are no treatments available until now for this particular viral disease. The present study was carried out by selecting 19 flavonoids, which are available naturally in fruits, vegetables, tea, red wine and medicinal plants. The molecular docking of selected 19 flavonoids was carried out against the Chikungunya virus capsid protein using the Autodock4.2 software. Binding affinity analysis based on the Intermolecular interactions such as Hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions and drug-likeness properties for all the 19 flavonoids have been carried out and it is found that the top four molecules are Chrysin, Fisetin, Naringenin and Biochanin A as they fit to the chikungunya protein and have binding energy of -8.09, -8.01, -7.6, and 7.3 kcal/mol respectively. This result opens up the possibility of applying these compounds in the inhibition of chikungunya viral protein.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.727-733
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• 2017

상온($25^{\circ}C$)과 저온($-1^{\circ}C$)에서 modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)를 이용한 '상감둥시' 감의 탈삽처리를 통하여 각 온도에서 PE 필름의 적정 두께를 구명하고자 하였다. 60(상온에서만 사용), 80, 100, 115, $130{\mu}m$ 두께의 PE 필름을 이용하여 낱개 진공포장 후 각각 상온과 저온에서 탈삽하였다. 상온에서 탈삽은 필름 두께가 두꺼울수록 속도가 빠른 경향이었으나 모든 처리구에서 두께에 관계없이 5일 만에 식용이 가능한 상태로 탈삽되었다. 경도는 모든 처리구에서 비교적 높게 유지되었다. 과육갈변(top flesh browning)과 부패는 20일에 발생되었으며 과피흑변(peel blackening)과 과정부연화(style-end softening)는 적정 두께에서 거의 문제 되지 않았다. 상온 MAP 탈삽의 적정 PE 필름 두께는 $80-100{\mu}m$로, 이 두께에서 5일만에 탈삽되어 10일까지 상품성을 유지한 유통이 가능한 것으로 판단되었다. 저온에서의 탈삽도 필름 두께가 두꺼울수록 속도가 빨랐으며 50일경에 두께에 관계없이 완전히 탈삽되었다. 경도는 필름 두께에 따른 큰 차이는 없었으나 두꺼울수록 높은 경향을 보였다. 과육갈변과 부패는 필름 두께와 관계없이 모든 처리구에서 90일까지 발생되지 않았다. 과피흑변과 과정부연화는 90일에 발생되었으며 115와 $130{\mu}m$ 두께에서 이취가 발생되었다. 저온 MAP 탈삽의 적정 PE 필름 두께는 $80-100{\mu}m$로, 이 두께에서 50일만에 탈삽되어 80일까지 상품성을 유지한 유통이 가능한 것으로 판단되었다