• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.489-490
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• 2008

This paper describes the analysis of electric field distribution of high voltage polymeric bushing with structure. The high voltage bushing consists of FRP tube and housing made of LSR. The field control can be achieved by means of the design of such internal field shaper and top corona ring as grading electrodes. In accordance, the optimized design uses both internal and external elements for electric stress grading at critical parts of the bushing. Maxwell 2D simulator based on the boundary element method was also introduced in order to verify the reliability of the polymeric bushing.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제5C권6호
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• pp.270-275
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• 2005

In order for the application of the in-vivo endoscopic biopsy, a micromirror which can be driven at a low voltage is required. In this paper, a two-step micromirror composed of bottom electrodes, moving plate and top mirror plate is proposed. Because an electrical wiring of two plates are separated, they can be actuated separately. Therefore, an intermediate moving plate plays an important role in reducing the driving voltage in half. The designed device was fabricated by the surface micromachining. Maximum rotation angle of $6.3^{\circ}$ was obtained by applying DC 48V, while a conventional one-step mirror pulled down at DC 120V. The designed structure can be used in microphotonic applications requiring low driving voltage.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.474-475
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• 2007

The $Sr_{0.8}Bi_{2.2}Ta_2O_9$(SBT) thin films are deposited on Pt-coated electrode(Pt/$TiO_2/SiO_2$/Si) using RF magnetron sputtering method. The aging properties of SBT capacitor with top electrodes represents a favorable properties in Pt electrode. The dielectric constant and leakage current density with Pt electrode is 340 and $6.81{\times}10^{-10}\;A/cm^2$ respectively. The maximum remanent polarization and the coercive electric field with Pt electrode are $12.40{\mu}C/cm^2$ and 30kV/cm respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.687-693
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• 1998

This study was performed to examine the mean arterial pressure and nociceptive jaw opening reflex after microinjection of glutamate into the amygdala in freely moving rats, and to investigate the mechanisms of antinociceptive action of amygdala. Animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg, ip). A stainless steel guide cannula (26 gauge) was implanted in the amygdala and lateral ventricle. Stimulating and recording electrodes were implanted into each of the incisor pulp and anterior digastric muscle. Electrodes were led subcutaneously to the miniature cranial connector sealed on the top of the skull with acrylic resin. After 48 hours of recovery from surgery, mean arterial pressure and digastric electromyogram (dEMG) were monitored in freely moving rats. Electrical shocks (200 ${\mu}sec$ duration, $0.5{\sim}2$ mA intensity) were delivered at 0.5 Hz to the dental pulp every 2 minutes. After injection of 0.35 M glutamate into the amygdala, mean arterial pressure was increased by $8{\pm}2$ mmHg and dEMG was suppressed to $71{\pm}5%$ of the control. Injection of 0.7 M glutamate elevated mean arterial pressure by $25{\pm}5$ mmHg and suppressed dEMG to $20{\pm}7%$ of the control. The suppression of dEMG were maintained for 30 minutes. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, inhibited the suppression of dEMG elicited by amygdaloid injection of glutamate from $28{\pm}4\;to\;68{\pm}5%$ of the control. Methysergide, a serotonin receptor antagonist, also inhibited the suppression of dEMG from $33{\pm}5\;to\;79{\pm}4%$ of the control. However, phentolamine, an ${\alpha}-adrenergic$ receptor antagonist, did not affect the suppression of dEMG. These results suggest that the amygdala can modulate both cardiovascular and nociceptive responses and that the antinociception of amygdala seems to be attributed to an augmentation of descending inhibitory influences on nociceptive pathways via serotonergic and opioid pathways.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.309-314
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• 1997

Ag-Pd/$Al_2O_3$와 Pt 기판에 스핀온 방법으로 제조된 PZT 후막의 열처리 방법에 따른 전기적 특성을 조사하였다. 전기적 특성을 측정하기 위하여 상부전극으로 은(Ag)을 PZT표면에 충착하였다. 이렇게 만들어진 PZT 후막의 결정구조는 X-ray로 조사하였으며, 유전상수는 HP4284A를 사용하여 1 KHz, 10 mV에서 측정하였다. 또한 유전계수는 Berlincourt 피에조메터를 사용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과 3 wt% PbO가 첨가된 PZT 후막의 전기적 특성은 오히려 감소하였으며, Ag-Pd 전극은 Pt 전극을 대체할 수 있는 가능성이 매우 높았다. 특히 스핀온 방법으로 제조된 PZT 후막을 급속열처리(RTA)를 함으로써 전기적 특성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.482-483
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• 2011

Graphene is a good candidate for the future nano-electronic materials because it has excellent conductivity, mobility, transparency, flexibility and others. Until now, most graphene researches are focused on the nano electronic device applications, however, biological application of graphene has been relatively less reported. We have fabricated a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) conjugated graphene field-effect transistor (FET) and measured the electrical transport characteristics. We have used graphene sheets grown on Ni substrates by chemical vapour deposition. The Raman spectra of graphene sheets indicate high quality and only a few number of layers. The synthesized graphene is transferred on top of the substrate with pre-patterned electrodes by the floating-and-scooping method [1]. Then we applied adhesive tapes on the surface of the graphene to define graphene flakes of a few micron sizes near the electrodes. The current-voltage characteristic of the graphene layer before stripping shows linear zero gate bias conductance and no gate operation. After stripping, the zero gate bias conductance of the device is reduced and clear gate operation is observed. The change of FET characteristics before and after stripping is due to the formation of a micron size graphene flake. After combined with 30 base pairs single-stranded poly(dT) DNA molecules, the conductance and gate operation of the graphene flake FETs become slightly smaller than that of the pristine ones. It is considered that DNA is to be stably binding to the graphene layer due to the ${\pi}-{\pi}$ stacking interaction between nucleic bases and the surface of graphene. And this binding can modulate the electrical transport properties of graphene FETs. We also calculate the field-effect mobility of pristine and DNA conjugated graphene FET devices.

• 센서학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1996

고감도 초전형 적외선 센서를 La이 첨가된 $PbTiO_{3}$(PLT) 박편을 이용하여 제작하였다. 재료의 조성비는 $(Pb_{0.9}La_{0.1}Ti_{0.75}O_3)_{0.75}(PbO)_{0.25}$ 이고 PLT 박편의 두께는 $100{\mu}m$로 제작하였다. 수광전극은 니켈-크롬을, 그리고 하부 전극으로는 은을 각각 $1{\times}2\;mm^{2}$ 크기로 진공 증착 하였다. PLT 박편의 전기적 특성은 341 정도의 유전상수와 $6.41{\times}10^{10}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$의 매우 큰 비저항 값을 얻었다. c-축으로 쌍극자가 형성된 PLT 박편은 높은 초전 특성을 나타내었으며, $4.45{\times}10^{-8}\;C/cm^{2}K$의 초전계수에 기인하여 $4.0{\times}10^{-11}\;Ccm/J$의 큰 전압 성능지수를 얻을 수 있었다. PLT 박편으로 제작된 센서는 2501 V/W의 높은 전압감도를 가지는 것으로 보아 초전형 적외선 센서의 응용이 가능하리라고 본다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.307-312
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the mechanism of central analgesic effects of antidepressants. Thirty four male rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg, ip). A stainless steel guide cannula and a PE tube (PE10) were implanted into the lateral ventricle and cisterna magna area. Stimulating and recording electrodes were implanted into the incisor pulp and anterior digastric muscle. Electrodes were led subcutaneously to the miniature cranial connector sealed on the top of the skull with acrylic resin. The jaw opening reflex was used in freely moving rats, and antidepressants were administered intracisternally in order to eliminate the effects of anesthetic agents on the pain assessment and evaluate the importance of the central action site of antidepressants. After 48 hours of recovery from surgery, digastric electromyogram (dEMG) of freely moving rats was recorded. Electrical shocks (200 ${\mu}sec$ duration, 0.5-2 mA intensity) were delivered at 0.5 Hz to the dental pulp every 2 minute. Intracisternal administration of $15\;{\mu}g$ imipramine suppressed dEMG elicited by noxious electrical stimulation in the tooth pulp to $76{\pm}6%$ control. Intracisternal administration of $30\;{\mu}g$ desipramine, nortriptyline, or imipramine suppressed dEMG remarkably to $48{\pm}2,\;27{\pm}8,\;or\;25{\pm}5%$ of the control, respectively. Naloxone, methysergide, and phentolamine blocked the suppression of dEMG produced by intracisternal antidepressants from $23{\pm}2\;to\;69{\pm}4%,\;from\;32{\pm}5\;to\;80{\pm}9%,\;and\;from\;24{\pm}6\;to\;77{\pm}5%$ of the control, respectively. These results indicate that antidepressants produce antinociception through central mechanisms in the orofacial area. Antinociception of intracisternal antidepressants seems to be mediated by an augmentation of descending pain inhibitory influences on nociceptive pathways.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2019

We report on stretchable electrochromic films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) fabricated on silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodes. AgNWs electrodes are prepared on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates using a spray coater for stretchable electrochromic applications. On top of the AgNW electrode, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is introduced to ensure a stable resistance over the electrode under broad strain range by effectively suppressing the protrusion of AgNWs from PDMS. This bilayer electrode exhibits a high performance as a stretchable substrate in terms of sheet resistance increment by a factor of 1.6, tensile strain change to 40 %, and stretching cycles to 100 cycles. Furthermore, P3HT film spin-coated on the bilayer electrode shows a stable electrochromic coloration within an applied voltage, with a color contrast of 28.6 %, response time of 4-5 sec, and a coloration efficiency of $91.0cm^2/C$. These findings indicate that AgNWs/PEDOT:PSS bilayer on PDMS substrate electrode is highly suitable for transparent and stretchable electrochromic devices.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

$AlO_x$ 박막 소자를 제작하여 전기적 특성을 조사하였다. 소자는 Electrode를 Top-bottom구조로 제작하였으며 스위칭 특성을 연구하기 위해 전극간의 $AlO_x$ 박막의 전도특성이 측정되었다. 박막소자의 저항변화는 전압을 선형적으로 인가하여 측정하였다. 제작된 소자는 MIM구조로써 외부에서 인가하는 전기적 신호에 의하여 전기전도도가 큰 On-state와 전기전도도가 낮은 Off-state로 바뀌는 특성을 나타내었다. 본 연구에 사용된 $AlO_x$ 박막은 초기 저항 상태가 저저항 On 상태였으며, 전압을 인가함에 따라 저저항 On 상태와 고저항 Off 상태의 가역적 저항 변화 특성을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 $AlO_x$ 박막소자는 차세대 비휘발성 메모리로는 물론 다른 전기적 응용도 기대되는 물질임을 확인하게 되었다.