• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2009

Hydroponic culture has been developed to control soilborn diseases, to increase yield and to enhance the quality of vegetable, The pathogen could be detected from infected plant materials, hydroponic tanks, culture solution and solid media of the severely infected greenhouse, The density of pathogen population was coincided with the severity of disease incidence, For example, 1,900cfu m$L^{-1}$ pf pathogens were counted from tomato plants sampled in a 20% diseased greenhouse. The pathogens may be introduced in the greenhouse through the contaminated soil surrounding the house and/or through the infected young seedlings grown on the nursery soil. Also, not detected to Ralstonia solanacearum from tomato seeds (House Momotaro, Bbaebbae, Ggoggo, and Minicarol cultivar) selling at a market.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.246-254
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• 2013

Five isolates of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) collected from various regions of Korea were amplified using PCR and determined the sequences of full-length genome, respectively. The PCR-amplified DNA of each TYLCV isolate was introduced into a binary vector to construct infectious clone containing 1.9 copies of the corresponding viral genome. Various cultivars and breeding lines of tomato were inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring infectious clone of each TYLCV isolate to assess resistance against TYLCV. Susceptible cultivar 'Super-sunread' revealed typical yellowing and narrowing of the upper leaves. In contrast, breeding linesTY12, GC9, GC171, and GC173, which contained the TY-1 and/or TY-3 genes that confer resistance against TYLCV in nature, were completely symptomless, suggesting that the lines were resistant to challenging TYLCV isolates. Symptoms of TYLCV in susceptible tomato cultivars are significantly different from those of TYLCV in the resistant tomato cultivars at 30 days after agroinfiltration. Although genomic DNAs of TYLCV were detected from the breeding lines TY12, GC9, GC171, and GC173 using real-time PCR analysis with specific primers, levels of TYLCV DNA accumulation in the resistant breeding lines were much lower than those of TYLCV DNA accumulation in susceptible tomato cultivars. Similar symptom severity and levels of TYLCV DNA accumulation were observed from TYLCV infections mediated by Bemisia tabaci in the resistant and susceptible tomato cultivars. Concentration of agrobacterium did not affect the response of tomato cultivars against TYLCV inoculation. Taken together, these results suggest that TYLCV inoculation via agroinfiltration is as effective as inoculation through Bemisia tabaci and is useful for breeding programs of TYLCV-resistant tomato.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2010

Eighteen cultivars of tomato were tested for their regeneration response. Lycopersicon esculentum cv. 2001-58 showed a very high frequency of regeneration (93%). We evaluated the effect of two compounds with known antioxidant activity (ascorbic acid and cystein). The use of ascorbic acid ($200\;-\;300\;{\mu}M/L$) has a positive effect on shoot regeneration. To develope a system for plastid transformation in tomato via homologous recombination, we constructed the tomato plastid expression vector (pKRT22-AG) harboring 2.2 kb flanking sequences cloned from intact plastid genome and gfp gene. To investigate the factors affecting the delivery system of the pKRT22-AG into chloroplast using bombardment, We assessed the optimal DNA concentration, gold particle volume and target distance. Expression of the GFP protein was observed within chloroplast on protoplast of cotyledon explant by confocal laser scanning microscopy, which indicates that the protocol developed in this study be useful for the production of plastid transgenic plants in tomato.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.414-423
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• 2016

Growers in plug seedling production think that root media in which rockwool is a component has given rise to several environmental problems. Therefore, the demand for new materials as a substitute for rockwool has been increased. This study examined the possibility of cultivation of tomato plug seedlings using a newly developed growing medium with phenolic foam. Plug seeds of tomato cultivar 'Madison' were sown in four pellet-type growing media: Grodan rockwool (GRW), UR rockwool (URW), phenolic foam LC (LC) or phenolic foam LC-lite (LC-lite). Then, the seedlings were transplanted to the four cube-type growing media 19 days after sowing. Seeds were germinated in a growth chamber ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 80% relative humidity, and dark) for 4 days and then the seedlings were grown with a nutrient solution supplied by an overhead irrigation system in a greenhouse. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and fresh or dry weight of tomato seedlings were the greatest for the seedlings transplanted to URW cube media after being grown on LC-lite pellets. Root grade was the greatest for the seedlings transplanted on LC or LC-lite cube media after being grown on LC pellets. Chemical properties of all media tested for tomato growth were maintained within a stable range, while physical properties of URW showed high values in container capacity, air space, and total porosity. These results demonstrated that the phenolic foam media were effective for seedling growth and can substitute for rockwool as a root medium.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.767-772
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to find out required time for recovery of nutritional disorder by Fe-DTPA treatment in induced Fe-deficient tomato cultivars and to select stable Fe-chelate in high pH of nutrient solution. The pH levels of nutrient solution were amended with 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0. Then Fe-EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ferric-sodium salt), Fe-DTPA (Sodium ferric diethylenetriamine pentaacetate), and Fe-EDDHA (Ethylenediamine-N,N-bis (2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) ferric-sodium salt)) were treated as Fe $2.0mg\;L^{-1}$ concentration. The Fe-DTPA and Fe-EDDHA were stable in the nutrient solution of pH 6.0~8.0 but Fe-EDTA in nutrient solution of pH 8.0 was to become insoluble by 25%. The Fe $2.0mg\;L^{-1}$ as Fe-DTPA was treated for recovery of Fe deficient tomato seedlings. In case of Redyoyo and Supersunroad cultivars, total chlorophyll and Fe contents of leaves were recovered as much as those of normal leaves in 5 days. The Rafito cultivar for complete recovery was taken 7 days. When Fe $2.0mg\;L^{-1}$ as Fe-DTPA was supplied to Fe-deficient tomato seedlings, in geotype, heme oxigenase recovered as much as normal leaves in 24 hours in the Rafito and Redyoyo. However, it was not remarkable difference by elapsed time in the Supersunroad.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.330-337
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• 1995

Forty-six isolates of Fusarium oxysporum collected from infected tomato plants and soils in greenhouses in Sedo, Chungnam and Angang, Kyeongbuk and 8 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici from Japan and USA were used to determine vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Vegetative comaptibility was assessed on the basis of heterokaryon formation among nitrate nonutilizing mutants. All Korean isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici used in this study belonged to the same type of VCG (003) regardless of their geographic origin, cultivar and race, but they were incompatible with the foreign isolates of VCG 0030, 0031, 0032 and 0033. Based on the results, the Korean isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici were classified as a new VCG 003.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.917-921
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• 2014

'Hei-G' is a new tomato cultivar originating from the cross of two inbred lines, the maternal plant TKUI-3 separated from 'Kame' in 2007, and the paternal plant AL-1 developed by pedigree breeding. The new cultivar was registered as 'Hei-G' named 'JTB026 (Jeonnam-2)' based on characteristics and yield trials carried out in the spring of 3 years, from 2010 to 2012. 'Hei-G' is an indeterminate type with strong plant vigor. The fruit is round and the ripening fruit is blackish red. The average fruit weight of 'Hei-G' is about 43.4 g, and its marketable yield is $4,944kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$. The lycopene content of 'Hei-G' ($11.8mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) is higher than that of other tomatoes (e.g., cv. Rapido, 3.1 mg). In addition, 'Hei-G' is suitable for environment-friendly protected cultivation because of its resistance to powdery mildew.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2005

The $F_1$ hybrid Red Coat is one of the most highly sought after cultivars of tomato in Australia and yields up to 7.5 $\cal{kg/plant}$. An experiment was conducted to de-termine the optimal strength and type of growth medium and sucrose concentration for shoot organogenesis of the Red Coat cultivar using cotyledonary explants. Two basal growth media, viz. MS and Gamborg' s $B_5$ at 0, 1/4, 1/2, full or double strength along with sucrose concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.5, 3 or $5\%$, were evaluated using 25 replications. The main effects of treatment and their mutual interactions were evaluated for the proportion of explants that produced callus and/or shoots, number of shoots produced per explant, callus diameter and shoot height. The explants failed to produce shoots in the absence of mineral nutrient. Only a small proportion of the explants ($6\%$ with $B_5\;and\;3\%$ with MS) regenerated shoots in the absence of sucrose. Lower sucrose concentrations ($0.5-1.5\%$) along with full strength media were optimal for most of the traits studied. The $B_5$ medium outperformed MS medium for shoot organogenesis. For all the traits examined, significant differences in main effects (P < 0.05) and two-way interactions were detected, but no three-way interactions (medium type $\times$ medium concentration $\times$ sucrose concentration) were observed. Sucrose was found essential for the development of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll content increased with an increase in sucrose concentration up to $3\%$ and decreased at $5\%$ sucrose.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 2014

Root-knot symptoms were found on a commercial tomato cultivar carrying Mi, a resistance gene to root-knot nematodes including Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria, and M. javanica in 2012 at Buyeo, Chungnam Province in Korea. The isolate was identified as M. incognita based on molecular analyses using two species-specific primer sets. Pathogenicity of the isolate on one susceptible and three resistant tomato cultivars to the root-knot nematodes was tested. The nematode isolate showed strong pathogenicity on all the tested cultivars at all tested incubation temperatures. In addition, resistance degree of 33 commercial tomato cultivars, 8 susceptible and 25 resistant cultivars to root-knot nematodes, was also tested. Plants were determined as resistant when they suppressed the nematode reproduction. All the cultivars demonstrated strong susceptibility to the nematode regardless of resistance of the tomato cultivars. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of Mi infecting M. incognita isolate in Korea. On the other hand, to construct an efficient screening method for selecting resistant breeding source to the nematode isolate, root-knot development of M. incognita on four tomato cultivars according to several conditions such as inoculum concentration, plant growth stage, and incubation period after transplant was investigated. Reproduction of the nematode on all the tested cultivars according to inoculum concentration increased in a dose-dependent manner. Except for inoculum concentration, there was no significant difference in reproduction level of the cultivars according to the other tested conditions. On the basis of the results, we suggest an efficient screening method for new resistant tomato to the nematode isolate.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.194-203
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• 2022

Cultivation of tomatoes in Korea grown in soil covers 89% of the total area for tomato cultivation. Tomatoes grown in soil often encounter various environment stresses including not only salt stress and soil-borne diseases but also cold stress in the winter season. This study was conducted to comparatively analyze the performance of rootstocks with cold stress by measuring the growth, yield, and photosynthetic efficiency in tomatoes grown in soil. The rootstocks were used 'Powerguard', 'IT173773', and '20LM' for the domestic rootstock cultivars and 'B-blocking' for a control cultivar. The tomato cultivar 'Red250' was used as the scion and the non-grafted tomatoes. Stem diameter, flowering position, leaf length, and leaf width were investigated for the growth parameters. The stem diameter of the non-grafted tomatoes decreased by 15% compared to the grafted tomatoes at 80 days after transplanting when exposed to low temperatures of 9-14℃ for 14 days. The leaf length and width of the non-grafted tomatoes were the lowest with 42.4 cm and 41.8 cm at 80 days after transplanting. The total yield per plant was the highest in tomato plants grafted on 'Powerguard' with 1,615 g and lowest in non-grafted tomatoes with 1,299 g. As the result of measuring the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, PI_ABS and DI₀/RC, which mean the performance index and dissipated energy flux, 'Powerguard' was the highest with 3.73 in PI_ABS and the lowest with 0.34 in DI₀/RC, whereas non-grafted tomatoes was the lowest with 2.62 in PI_ABS and the highest with 0.41 in DI₀/RC at 80 days after transplanting. The stem diameter has positive correlation with PI_ABS, while it has negative correlation with DI₀/RC. The results indicate that can be analyzed by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters can be used for analyzing the differences in the growth of tomato plants grafted on different rootstocks when exposed to cold stress.