• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.104-120
• /
• 2004

Animation character market in Korea has been dominated by licensed characters (e.g., Walt Disney′s) of which market share is 80%. While market share for Korean characters such as "Mashimaro" and "Little Dinosaur Dooly" is increasing, the application of such characters to fashion products is still limited. For the development of the Korean character market, application of original animation characters should be applied to various fashion products. The main purpose of this study was to design toddler apparel line using "Little Dinosaur Dooly," one of the most popular domestic animation characters. The design focus is the green color of Dooly because the color is the distinctive concept of the brand. Results of the study indicated that developing toddler apparel line with a Korean animation character was a meaningful attempt, as imported licensed characters were dominant in domestic fashion market. The key differentiating factor was the use of green color. In addition, use of various supporting characters, namely Dooly′s friends, demonstrated potential line extension forming animation character groups similar to Warner Brothers′"Looney Tunes."

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.318-326
• /
• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 영아교사의 변인에 따라 표준보육과정의 영역별 내용에 대한 인식과 적용 실제를 조사하고, 영아교사의 표준보육과정 영역의 내용 이해도와 적용 실제 간에 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 연구대상은 전라남도의 어린이집에 근무하는 만 2세를 담당하는 영아교사 205명이다. 연구도구는 제3차 어린이집 표준 보육과정의 영역별 내용을 참고하여 연구목적에 적절하게 제작된 질문지를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계, 대응표본 t검증, 독립표본 t검증, F검증, Duncan 사후 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영아교사의 표준보육과정의 영역별 내용에 대한 이해 수준은 높으며, 특히 영아교사의 학력이 높을수록 이해도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 영아교사의 표준보육과정의 영역별 내용에 대한 적용 수준은 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 영아교사의 표준 보육과정 영역별 내용에 대한 이해도와 적용 실제 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.671-679
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a mother/infant-toddler health program developed to enhance parenting knowledge, behavior and confidence in low income mothers and home environment. Methods: A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used. Sixty-nine dyads of mothers and infant-toddlers (aged 0-36 months) were provided with weekly intervention for seven session. Each session consisted of three parts; first, educating to increase integrated knowledge related to the development of the infant/toddler including nutrition, first aid and home environment; second, counseling to share parenting experience among the mothers and to increase their nurturing confidence; third, playing with the infant/toddler to facilitate attachment-based parenting behavior for the mothers. Results: Following the programs, there were significant increases in parenting knowledge on nutrition and first aid. A significant improvement was found in attachment-based parenting behavior, but not in home safety practice. Nurturing confidence was not significantly increased. The program led to more positive home environment for infant/toddler's health and development. Conclusion: The findings provide evidence for mother-infant/toddler health program to improve parenting knowledge, attachment-based parenting behavior and better home environment in low income mothers. Study of the long term effectiveness of this program is recommended for future research.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between toddler's negative emotionality, parenting behavior, and the moderating roles of mother's personality. The participants in this study consisted of 221 mothers of toddlers (aged from 18 to 35months) in Seoul. The participants completed questionnaires on toddler's negative emotionality, their personality and parenting behavior. The collected data were mainly analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson's correlation and the multiple regression analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, there was a significant difference in the negative parenting behavior according to the mother's educational level. Second, relations between individual variables and parenting behavior were analyzed. As a result, number of children, mother's age, toddler's negative emotionality, and mother's personality were significantly correlated with parenting behavior. Third, through the analysis of the moderating effect of the mother's personality on the relationship between the toddler's negative emotionality and parenting behavior, it was found that interactions between the mother's neuroticism and the toddlers' negative emotionality affected the mother's warm parenting behavior. And interactions between the mother's extraversion and the toddlers's negative emotionality affected the mother's rejection parenting behavior. The results of this study provide basic data to support mothers' positive parenting behavior.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.285-291
• /
• 2013

Interest in traditional culture has been increasing due to globalization. We need to create fashion items using Korea folk culture like the Hanbok. In this paper, the design development of toddler's pajamas was attempted by using women's Sokgot pants, which were worn by women in Joseon Dynasty period. The study involved a review of literature and an investigation of past relics. Traditional women's Sokgot pants had a 'mu' or 'dang' in the crotch which is called 'the mit' now. The opening of the mit will be used for designing toddler's pajamas. Design suggestions for four styles of toddler's pajamas, which reflect the formative characteristic of women's Sokgot pants, have been created. Research outcomes are as follow: the characteristics of Ran-pants are applied to design 1 and design 2. There have pleats along the waistband of the toddler's pajamas, making the Mu more hidden. Pleats of the waist part are achieved by using an elastic, which also makes the pajamas easier to fit and to wear. The characteristics of Gaedanggo, of which the crotch is opened, are applied to design 3 and design 4. The opened crotch is applied so that toddlers can relieve themselves easily while they are wearing these pajamas. There is also an opening in the centerline of the front Mu in design 4 which gives additional functionality and comfort. This work shows that items of traditional folk dress can be used to make present fashion items.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제35권11호
• /
• pp.1309-1321
• /
• 2011

Clothes for a 3 to 6 year-old toddler should be made in consideration of their behavioral characteristics since it is when the physical ability of toddlers has rapidly developed and their social, emotional, and cognitive development are increasingly active. Indoor clothes are the item that consumers prefer because they provide the function of outside underwear when functioning as outerwear when indoors that is used frequently for toddlers. We analyzed the wearing condition and the uncomfortable aspects of toddler's clothes worn indoors through consumer surveys of toddler wear. This study gathers data for the development of indoor clothing that is useful for 3-6 year old toddlers. Consumer surveys indicate that the clothes most worn indoors were underwear (69.4%). The most important aspect in the selection of indoor clothes was the suitability for activities (29%). The preferred colors for indoor clothes were found to be pastel-tone colors (66%). Regarding the uncomfortable aspects of indoor clothes, knees of the clothes (36.8%) have the most naps and the breast of the clothes (37.8%) dirty quickly. Knee parts (35.4%) become worn easily; in addition, the material for the knee area is likely to have naps and require special functions. In conclusion, designing toddler clothing requires elaborated design techniques that consider the characteristics of the subject group and reduce inconveniences. This study will serve as preliminary data to develop ultimate products that have the functionality to meet gender behavior characteristics and the aesthetics for toddlers 3 to 6 years of age.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.91-106
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of toddlers' vocabulary ability with reading activities and teachers' verbal and nonverbal behaviors during book reading. The subjects were 52 teachers and 104 toddlers at age 2. Lee and Kim (2004)'s categories of the Teachers' Verbal Behaviors, the categories of the Nonverbal Behavioral Analysis(Kim. 2005), and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (Kim, et al.1995) were used. The data was analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and Correlations. The results indicated that there were significant correlations in the subcategories of reading activities in classrooms, teachers' picture book reading behaviors, and toddler's vocabulary ability. The toddler's vocabulary ability increased as the 'interacting time both before and after book reading' became longer. The toddler's vocabulary ability increased as 'connecting with previous experience', 'asking questions for confirmation', 'acknowledging,' and 'expanding' of verbal behavior, as well as the nonverbal behavior, such as 'requesting behavior', 'emotional contact,' and 'empathetic behavior.' In conclusion, teachers' reading behaviors and activities were related to toddlers' vocabulary ability.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.749-756
• /
• 2014

A rapid and simple analytical method for L-carnitine was developed for infant and toddler formulas by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A 0.3 g of infant formula and toddler formula sample was mixed in a 50 mL conical tube with 9 mL water and 1 mL 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) to chemical extraction. Then, chloroform was used for removing a lipid fraction. After centrifuged, L-carnitine was separated and quantified using LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. The precursor ion for L-carnitine was m/z 162, and product ions were m/z 103 (quantitative) and m/z 85 (qualitative), respectively. The results for spiked recovery test were in the range of 93.18-95.64% and the result for certified reference material (SRM 1849a) was within the range of the certificated values. This method could be implemented in many laboratories that require time and labor saving.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.231-244
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to find educational needs of toddler's mother in child-caring experience. The subject of the study was toddler's mother who visited one health care center in J city for immunization and had a child or children between twelve and thirty six months old. The subjects were 37 mothers. The instrument used for this study was a semi -structured questionnaire developed by researcher and based on Objective Content Test of Garretson(1967). The collected data were analized by two researchers using the method of Content Analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) Of the large categories, the need of the highest frequency was 'prevention and management of disease and injury', that of the lowest 'growth and development'. 2) In 'physical care' category, 'care of sleeping' was the highest. In 'nutrition and eating-habitual management' category, 'weaning management' was the highest. In 'prevention and management of disease and injury' category, 'disease management' was the highest. In 'discipline and teaching' category, 'discipline' was the highest. 3) In comparison with preceding references, the educational needs of child-caring which had not been shown in preceding references but had been shown in this study were hair-caring, kind of weaning diet, method of cure and nursing, man agement of deformity, and so on. In conclusion, educational needs of toddler's mother in child-caring experience were matter-of-fact and inclusive. Needs in management of special situation such as disease were higher than usual parenting procedure or method. In addition, there were higher needs in questions happened through child-caring experience or confirmation of procedures practicing now. Then, it is suggested that parent education program should be developed on the basis of educational needs found in this study to be more effective in preparing mother's child-caring.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.95-108
• /
• 1998

This study is the second study which was aimed to validate the Infant/ Toddler Environment Rating Scale(ITERS). The test-retest reliability included 10 infant/toddler classes among 30 national/public and private child care centers in Inchon city which had been observed in the first validation study. The Spearman's correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was ranged from .52 to .84. In addition, two raters observed 10 family day care centers in Inchon city, where two observers independently rated each centers on the ITERS during a single visit. The Spearman's correlation coefficient for interrater reliability was ranged from.72 to .99 For the second measure of content validity, experts who were working in day care centers and who were graduate students, lecturers, or professors majoring child studies rated the appropriateness of each ITERS items for the provision of high-quality programs for infants and toddlers, using a 1(low) to 5(high) scale. The mean rating was ranged from 2.52 to 4.52. In sum, when the rating scores were analyzed by the type of child care centers, national/public child care centers have better quality than private or family child care centers.