• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.181-196
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• 2009

This study compared mother-toddler verbal interaction by play type (traditional play, free play, block play), and child's sex and age. Subjects were 10 boys and 10 girls ranging in age from 25- to 36-months and their mothers. An observer videotaped the children and their mothers at play in their homes. Results showed that (1) Mothers attempted more positive verbal interaction in traditional than in block play. (2) Mothers expressed more positive emotion in free than in traditional and block play. (3) Mothers more answer 'reflection' in traditional than in free play (4) Toddlers attempted more positive verbal interaction in block than in traditional and free play. (5) Toddler's positive emotion express was not distinguished by play type or by child's sex or age. (6) From 31- to 36-months's boys expressed more play situation than from 25- to 30-months' girls. This study provides groundwork for mother-toddler traditional play programs with potential for improving positive expression of emotion and language development.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2017

The objectives of this study were to assess food intake frequency and food behavior of infants and toddlers by using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ). A total of 368 subjects (infants 111, toddlers 257) in Ganghwa county were analyzed in this study. The NQ was examined using an NQ questionnaire, which consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items. The items were grouped into five categories: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 20, and significant difference was evaluated by Student's t-test and $x^2-test$. The BMIs of infants and toddlers were $16.54kg/m^2$ and $16.01kg/m^2$, respectively. The frequencies of consumption of vegetables and fruits were higher (p<0.001) in girls and toddlers compared to boys and infants, respectively. Food behavior of meal regularity (p<0.001), breakfast eating (p<0.001), and chewing well (p<0.001) were also higher in toddlers compared to infants. Total NQ score of infants and toddlers were 62.05 and 64.91, respectively, which were within medium grade. The NQ score of toddlers was higher than that of infants (p<0.0.5). NQ score was positively correlated with parent's education, monthly income, age, and exercise. Therefore, children and their parents need proper nutrition education and counseling to correct their eating habits and improve their nutritional status.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.103-124
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate and analyze how toddlers' characteristics and child care center's environments including facilities and care-givers' characteristics affect toddlers' behavior in child care center using observational methods. Total 40 toddlers in same numbers of boys and girls participated in this study. Average age of tollers were the 31.7 months ranging from 27 months to 35 months. The toddlers were observed with the observation schedule modified from observation categories of Holloway and Reichhart-Erickson(1988). Data were analysed by Pearson's correlation, t-test, one away ANOVA, Duncan Test and stepwise regression using the SPSSWIN Version. The results of the study were as follow: First, the toddlers' behaviors were related to all the toddlers' characteristics. Second, the toddlers' behaviors were related to all the characteristics of the child care facilities such as the types of facilities, the class size and the caregiver-toddler ratio. Third, the toddler' behaviors were related to caregivers' variables such as the total care experience in centers, the experience with toddler care, the martial status, the certificate types except the child rearing experience and the educational level. Fourth, the toddlers' characteristics were more significantly related to the behavior of them than those of child care centers' environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2022

The emergence of smartphones is creating a faster and easier digital communication society along with the existing Internet. Among the various methods of communication, the smart notification is most often used in early childhood education institutions for information exchange between parents, teachers and directors. And the notification helps parents understand the development status and curriculum of infants more easily. Therefore, this paper developed an integrated infant management system based on a web-based platform and a mobile app platform for exchanging various information on infants management between directors, teachers and parents. Through the established system, the director, teachers, and parents can check the information they need at any time, and it is possible to provide a mobile service environment where multiple guardians can safely take care of one infant. In addition, multiple guardians can provide appropriate feedback information through the collection and analysis of various data by using the infant and toddler integrated management system. In the future, if the functions provided based on the smartphone app are configured according to the user, it is expected that it will be able to expand from daycare centers to educational institutions.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analysis the research trends of pediatric nursing intervention studies in Korea form 2000 to 2011. Methods: A literature search was conducted from the databases. RISS and 'Infant', 'Toddler', 'Preschooler', 'Schooler', 'Adolescent', 'Child', 'Effect', 'Program', 'Intervention' and 'Nursing' were used for keyword searches to find relevant studies. A total of 37 published articles and dissertations in Korea from 2000 to 2011 were reviewed using a structured analytical frame. Results: A quasi-experimental design was more common at 91.9% with a true experimental design at 2.7%. The portion of studies in which theoretical framework was suggested was 27.0%. Only 8.1% mentioned International Review Board (IRB) approval and 78.4% received only the participant's agreement. The participants' developmental stage was mostly preschool stage, and 37.0% of the child's health problem was a chronic disease. Sensory interventions made up 45.9% of the types of intervention and most of the sensory interventions were distraction interventions. The contents of intervention outcomes were physiological (54.0%) and psychological (28.0%) categories mostly. Conclusion: This study will help in identifying current research trends of pediatric nursing intervention studies in Korea and provide basic data for the direction of developing pediatric nursing interventions.