• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.683-696
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception and use of flavor enhancer products. This study was carried out through questionnaire and the subjects were 503 housewives in Inchon. The results are summarized as follows. As for age, 51.9% of the subjects were 40 years or older. Also, 60.0% of the subjects had received a high school education. As for occupation, full-time housewives accounted for 63.7%. Monthly household income of most subjects were 1 million won or more, and monthly food expenses of most subjects were 300 thousand won or more. Also 71.0% of subjects lived in apartments. As for taste of flavor enhancer products, 58.3% of subjects perceived that it was mediocre, 31.3% said good, 6.2% said bad, and 1.8% said very bad. Most subjects perceived that the convenience of flavor enhancer products was good and there was a significant difference among the groups divided by education level. As for economy of flavor enhancer products, there were significant differences among groups divided by household income and food expenses. Most subjects perceived that the safety of flavor enhancer products was not good. Most subjects considered the date of manufacture, manufacturers, food additives, packaging and price when they purchased flavor enhancer products. Also, 70.0% of subjects were going to reduce the amount of flavor enhancer products they use in the future. Most subjects needed flavor enhancer products good for health. Therefore, it may be necessary to develop and to produce safe, nutritious, tasty, cheap and various flavor enhancer products.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.24-35
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• 2021

Due to increasing awareness on the treatment of end-of-use/life products, disassembly has been a fast-growing research area of interest for many researchers over recent decades. This paper introduces a novel lot-sizing problem that has not been studied in the literature, which is the service-parts lot-sizing with disassembly option. The disassembly option implies that the demands of service parts can be fulfilled by newly manufactured parts, but also by disassembled parts. The disassembled parts are the ones recovered after the disassembly of end-of-use/life products. The objective of the considered problem is to maximize the total profit, i.e., the revenue of selling the service parts minus the total cost of the fixed setup, production, disassembly, inventory holding, and disposal over a planning horizon. This paper proves that the single-period version of the considered problem is NP-hard and suggests a heuristic by combining a simulated annealing algorithm and a linear-programming relaxation. Computational experiment results show that the heuristic generates near-optimal solutions within reasonable computation time, which implies that the heuristic is a viable optimization tool for the service parts inventory management. In addition, sensitivity analyses indicate that deciding an appropriate price of disassembled parts and an appropriate collection amount of EOLs are very important for sustainable service parts systems.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.210-220
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• 2002

We analysised the effect of harmonics on electric machines of substation power system barred on quantitatively measured harmonics and proposed the methods for prevention of harmonics through checking on transformer, rectifier and cable's capacities against harmonics with reference to KEPCO's electricity service standard. In order to analysis harmoninics of silicon rectifier that is power source in DC substation, computer simulations for a substation with TR of high voltage distribution switchboard are performed. Simulation results show that the total harmonic distortion factor becomes smaller for TR primary and receiving points in order rather than silicon rectifier which is harmonic generation source so that the harmonics generated frets each rectifier are outflowed to power supply and high voltage distribution switchboard The result of higher distortion factors of voltage and current for rectifier with 100% load than those with 50 % and 30% indicates that the waveform of voltage and current for the real substation power system at the office-going and the closing hours with heavy loads might be more distorted. As proposed methods for harmonic reduction, the conventional 6 pulse-type for substation is required to be replaced by 12 pulse-type for reduction of 5th and 7th harmonics. The active filter rather than the passive filter is more effective due to severe variance of rectifier loads, but the high cost is price to be paid. In view of installation area and costs, the use of 12 pulse-type transformer is desirable and then the parallel transformer and the rectifier within the substation must be replaced at the same time. Other substations with parallel feeder can use 6 pulse-type transformer.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1009-1017
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• 2009

This study was performed to analyze the preferences and actual use patterns of university students (96 males and 187 females) for bakeries in the Gyeongju area of Korea. A total of 283 questionnaires were used for the examination and statistical analyses were completed using SPSS Win (14.0) by descriptive analysis and $x^2$-tests. The most favored bakery products were prepared items such as sandwiches and toast. Most of the respondents (92.9%) typically used bread for snacks, and the main places of purchase were well-known bakery shops (38.5%) in which females preferred well-known shops more than males. In addition, the respondents liked milk (79.9%) and jam (39.7%) as the beverage and food, respectively, to eat with bread. When choosing bread, the main selection point was taste (80.2%) and the cost per person per visit was usually 1,000~5,000 won (63.3%). The consumption frequency rate revealed that 49.1% of the students consumed bread as a snack, while 24.8% consumed bread with other foods 1~2 times a week. In the case of purchasing bread as a snack, females had more purchases than males (p<0.05). Students who lived in their own home (p<0.001) with a commute time to school greater than 30 minutes (p<0.001) had the highest number of bread purchases as a snack. The most important point for bread purchase was hygiene (4.60). Overall, for the development of bakeries in the Gyeongju area it seems imperative to address the bakery shop environment, including such aspects as hygiene, price, and new bread product development for students.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.2
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• pp.124-138
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• 1992

This study was carried out to estimate long-term demand functions, and to project consumption of roundwood to the year 2030, using time series data for the period 1970-1990. Especially, the unique features of this study are in the estimation of demand functions for roundwood by species group and by end-use with help of dummy variables. It also, attempts to show how dummy variables can be utilized for improving the estimation result. The result of this study reveals that hardwood roundwood consumption is being substituted by softwood roundwood due to the rapid increase in the relative price of softwood, and this trend is expected to continue in the near future. The consumption of roundwood by mining industry is projected to fall as the coal :mining is expected to decline. The parametric estimates of timber demand function by species group and by end-use indicate that the demand for timber in Korea is more responsive to the performance of domestic economy as a whole, represented by GDP in this study, than to other variables such as own and substitute prices. The effects of population growth and substitute prices could not be determined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.295-306
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to compare the university foodservices with exterior restaurants, to investigate the fact regarding the use and the preference, to evaluate the expectation and the satisfaction of eaters, and to establish the foundation to improve the quality of the university foodservices. 2 women's universities were chosen and 300 copies of survey were distributed to the students. The data were statistically analyzed by SAS. The frequency was compared with the percentage by using Chi-square, and Spearman Correlation was calculated to see the correlation between the expectation and the satisfaction. The results of this research are as below: 1) As students move to upper grades, have enough monthly allowance, have irregular dietary habit and have snacks often and spend much time on eating, and as the BMI index is low, the survey shows that students use exterior restaurants more frequently than the university foodservices. 2) Analysis of main factor in utilizing university foodservices and exterior restaurants Is 'the taste', 'the price', 'the variety of menu'. 3) The survey also shows that the satisfaction is greater than the expectation for exterior restaurants while the satisfaction is not greater than expectation with the university foodservices. 4) The matters like 'more delicious-food' and 'more various menu' were pointed out to be improved.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2015

IT is widely used for biomechanics and AHRS sensor also be highlighted with small sized characteristics and price competitiveness in the field of motion measurement and analysis of sports. In this paper, we attach the AHRS to the figure skate shoes to measure the motion data like spin, forward/backward, jump, in/out edge and toe movement. In order to reduce the measurement error, we have adopted the sensors equipped with Madgwick complementary filtering and also use Euler angle to quaternion conversion to reduce the Gimbal-lock effect. We test and experiment the accuracy and execution time of the pattern recognition algorithms like PCA, ICA, LDA, SVM to show the recognition possibility of it on the basic motions of figure skating from the 9-axis trajectory information which is gathered from AHRS sensor. From the result, PCA, ICA have low accuracy, but LDA, SVM have good accuracy to use for recognition of basic motions of figure skating.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.457-465
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• 2011

This research, which was started with a need for constant monitoring to find out urban societies and spacial effects by urban railway after the opening, was intended to empirically explore urban and social changes by the opening of Daejeon City metro line 1st which would greatly affect the spacial structure of the city. For this goal, we expected the effect of urban subway on the city with academic consideration and precedent study. Monitoring results of the subway station areas of Daejeon City metro line 1st showed the opening of urban railway had an influence on the flow of urban plan and urban space structure through population, land use, total-developing areas, and land price change. In other words, as urban railway opens the number of population and population activities centered on the subway station areas, and these movements led to the expansion of the commercial areas. Finally, they caused the average land prices to rise. Likewise, urban monitering is significantly useful comprehending the generally time-periodic changes of cities and even conceiving the present cities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.917-920
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• 2014

In Korea mobile phone subscribers exceeded 1 million people in 1995, and ten million people in 1998. Prevalence of the mobile phone increased dramatically over 110% compared to the population. And all family members including children and students use one or two mobile terminal. Mobile phone is obviously necessary good more than washer, vacuum cleaner, passenger car. Our daily life with mobile communication are conveniently positioned, but communication related costs including the price of the device has become a big burden on the household. But the government does not seem to do the right role at the right time to prevent the failure of the market to further maximize consumer welfare and social welfare through fair competition. This principal-agent problems exist especially in perspective of joint use of the mobile communication network, number portability, separation of phone distribution and phone service and network neutrality among in mobile communication policies since the early 1990s up to now.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8896-8900
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• 2015

Recently, various career paths draw young workers from twenty to forty to the metro city in Korea. The korea's agriculture sector has decrease in population and productivity which result a threat for it to become an aging society. Also, our country has a difficulty in a tough competition with other countries through agricultural market-opening such as WTO and FTA. In this paper, we introduce a technology using open-source project including Raspberry that easily accessible and applicable to an agricultural industry. In other words, as we build a device monitoring the production environment, everyone can use agricultural sector through an IoT technology, solve the problem with a labor shortage through production process automation, check the condition of the agricultural environment in real time, enhance the quality of the agricultural product by corresponding a certain condition, and improve the competitiveness through a competitive price comparing to the worldwide farm product. Also, we find a way to use data to the other business through data collection and analysis in a process of using the IoT.