• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.250-263
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• 2006

Statement of problem: Ti-alloy has been used widely since it was produced in the United States in 1947 because it has high biocompatibility and anticorrosive characteristics. Purpose: The pure titanium, however, was used limitedly due to insufficient mechanical charateristics and difficult manufacturing process. Our previous study was focused on the development of a new titanium alloy. In the previous study we found that the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy had better mechanical characteristics and similar anticorrosive characteristics to Ti-6Al-4V Material and methods: In this study, the cytotoxicity of the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy was evaluated by MTT assay using MSCs(Mesenchaimal stem cells) and L929 cells(fibroblast cell line). The biocompatibility of the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy was performed by inserting the alloy into the femur of the rabbits and observing the radiological and histological changes surrounding the alloy implant. Results: 1. In the cytotoxicity test using MSCs, the 60% survival rate was observed in pure titanium, 84% in Ti-6Al-4V alloy and 95% in Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy. 2. In the animal study, the serial follow-up of the radiographs showed no separation or migration revealing gradual bone ingrowth surrounding the implants. Similar radiographic results were obtained among three implant groups pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V alloy and Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy. 3. In the histologic examination of the bone block containing the implants. the bone ingrowth was prominent around the implants with the lapse of time. There was no signs of any tissue rejection, degeneration, or inflammation. Active bone ingrowth was observed around the implants. In the comparison of the three groups, the rate of bone ingrowth was better in the Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy group than those in pure titanium group or Ti-6Al-4V alloy group. In conclusion, Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy revealed better biocompatibility in survival rate of the cells and bone ingrowth around the implants. Therefore we believe a newly developed Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy can replace currently used Ti-6Al-4V alloy to increase biocompatibility and to decrease side effects. Conclusion: In conclusion, Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy revealed better biocompatibility in survival rate of the cells and bone ingrowth around the implants. Therefore we believe a newly developed Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy can replace currently used Ti-6Al-4V alloy to increase biocompatibility and to decrease side effects.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2009

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM. The success of titanium implants is due to osseointegration or the direct contact of the implant surface and bone without a fibrous connective tissue interface. PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteoblast precursor response to titanium-10 tantalum-10 niobium(Ti-Ta-Nb) alloy and its sputtered coating. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Ti-Ta-Nb coatings were sputtered onto the Ti-Ta-Nb disks. Ti6-Al-4V alloy disks were used as controls. An osteoblast precursor cell line, were used to evaluate the cell responses to the 3 groups. Cell attachment was measured using coulter counter and the cell morphology during attachment period was observed using fluorescent microscopy. Cell culture was performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 days. RESULTS. The sputtered Ti-Ta-Nb coatings consisted of dense nanoscale grains in the range of 30 to 100 nm with alpha-Ti crystal structure. The Ti-Ta-Nb disks and its sputtered nanoscale coatings exhibited greater hydrophilicity and rougher surfaces compared to the Ti-6Al-4V disks. The sputtered nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited significantly greater cell attachment compared to Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-Ta-Nb disks. Nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited significantly greater ALP specific activity and total protein production compared to the other 2 groups CONCLUSIONS. It was concluded that nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings enhance cell adhesion. In addition, Ti-Ta-Nb alloy and its nanoscale coatings enhanced osteoblast differentiation, but did not support osteoblast precursor proliferation compared to Ti-6Al-4V. These results indicate that the new developed Ti-Ta-Nb alloy and its nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings may be useful as an implant material.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.595-602
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• 2008

Purpose: Ti-6Al-4V alloy is widely used as an implant material because of its good biocompatibility and good mechanical property compared with commercial pure titanium. Otherwise, toxicity of aluminum and vanadium in vivo has been reported. Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy is recently developed in the R&D Center for Ti and Special Alloys and it was reported that this alloy has high mechanical strength, no cytotoxicity and similar biocompatibility to commercial pure titanium, but many studies are needed for its clinical use. In these experiment, we carried out different surface treatment on each Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy disks, then cultured cell on it and assessed biological response. Materials and Methods: cpTi, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy disks were prepared and carried out sandblasting and acid etching (SLA) or alkali-heat treatment (AH) on the Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy disks. We cultured primary rat calvarial cells on each surface and assessed early cell attachment and proliferation by scanning electron microscopy, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity. Result: The rates of cell proliferation on the cpTi, Ti-8Ta-3Nb AH disks were higher than others (p<0.05) and alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly enhanced on the Ti-STa-8Nb AH disks(p<0.05). Conclusion: Most favorable cell response was shown on the Ti-8Ta-3Nb AH surfaces. It is supposed that alkali-heat treatment of the Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy could be induced earlier bone healing and osseointegration than smooth surface.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2004

The oxidation behaviors of Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy and Ti-6Al-4V alloy were studied in dry air atmosphere. Specimens were melted in consumable vacuum arc furnace and homogenized at $1050^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. Hot rolling was performed at $1000^{\circ}C$. Specimens of the alloys were oxidized as the temperature range $400~650^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The oxidation behavior of the alloys was analysed by optical microscope, SEM/EDX, XRD, XPS and TGA. Immersion test was performed in 1% Lactic acid. In the microscope observation, oxide layer of Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy was denser and thinner than Ti-6Al-4V's. The weight gains during the oxidation rapidly increased at the temperature above $600^{\circ}C$ in Ti-6Al-4V's alloy and$ 700^{\circ}C$ in Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy. According to XRD results, oxide layers were composed of mostly $TiO_2$(rutile) phase. It was analysed that the passive film of the Ti alloys consisted of $TiO_2$ through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) analysis.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2004

A new Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy has designed and examined some possibility of forming more passive oxide film by oxidation treatment which is closely related to corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloys were prepared by consumable vacuum arc melting and homogenized at 1050$^{\circ}C$ for 24hours. Alloy specimens were oxidized at the temperature range of 400 to 750$^{\circ}C$ for 30minutes, and the oxide films on Ti alloys were analysed by optical microscope, SEM, XPS and TGA. Cytotoxicity test was performed in MTT assay treated L929 fibroblast cell culture by indirect method. It is found out that the oxide film on Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy is denser and thinner compared to Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The weight gain during the oxidation was increased rapidly at the temperature above 650$^{\circ}C$ for Ti-6Al-4V alloy and above 700$^{\circ}C$ for Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy respectively. It was analysed that the passive film of the Ti alloys consisted of TiO2 through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. It is found out by cytotoxicity test that moderate oxidation treatment lowers cell toxicity, and Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy showed better result compared to Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.786-789
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• 1997

Ti-6Al-4V has been used widely in biomedical field. But because of its toxicity, the ${\beta}$ stabilizing element, V, in Ti-6Al-4V has been replaced by Nb, Ta. Ti-10Ta-10Nb has been developed for biomedical applications. The fatigue crack propagation behavior of Ti-alloy(Ti-10Ta-10Nb) was investigated, in comparison with that of pure Ti. In order to better understand the fundamental fatigue behavior of Ti-10Ta-10Nb, rotating bending fatigue tests have been carried out. Ti-10Ta-10Nb has a better fatigue strength than pure Ti. In this paper, fatigue life has been predicted with Nisitani's equation of the fatigue crack propagation that can be established by measuring fatigue crack growth rates.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2006

The oxidation behavior and Biocompatibility of pure Ti and Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy were studied in dry air atmosphere. The specimens showed that Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy had higher oxidation resistance than pure Ti at $650^{\circ}C$. Cytotoxicity test also revealed that moderate oxidation treatment lower cell toxicity and Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy showed better results compared with pure Ti. The weight gains during the oxidation increase rapidly at temperature above $600^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.114-120
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• 2002

A new titanium based alloy, Ti-10Ta-10Nb, has designed to examine the improved mechanical properties and biocompatibility. A specimen of titanium alloy was melted in a consumable vacuum arc furnace and homogenized at $1050^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The effect of hot rolling on microstructure was estimated after rolling at $400^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$ respectively. Surface of melted alloy by consumable vacuum arc melting was consisted of rough surface and it was changed to sound surface by coating of $ZrO_2$ slurry on copper mold surface. The hardness of Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy increased with the amount of${\alpha}+{\beta}$ phase. Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy showed $Widmanst{\"{a}}ten$ structure by hot rolling at $800^{\circ}C$ and in the rolling ${\beta}-region$ was negligible effects on microstructure refining.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2005

Ti6Al4V alloy have been mainly used as implant materials. Ti-6Al-4V alloy instead of pure Ti is being widely used as biomaterials has some characteristics such as high fatigue strength, tensile strength. But it has been reported recently that vanadium component expresses cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity and aluminium component is related with dementia of Alzheimer type. In order to overcome their detrimental effects, $\beta$-phase stabilizer Nb was chosen in the present study, in addition Ta and Hf were added to Ti-40wt.%Nb alloy to improve its mechanical properties. This paper was described the influence of heat treatment of Ti-40Nb alloys with 2wt%Ta, 2wt%Hf on the mechanical properties. Specimens of Ti alloys were melted in vacuum arc furnace and homogenized at 1050$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. and then were aged after solution heat treat at $\alpha+\beta$ and $\beta$ regions. The mechanical properties of Ti alloys were analysed by hardness test, tensile test, elongation test and SEM test. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. The mechanical properties Ti-40wt.%Nb were improved when 2wt.% Ta and 2wt.%Hf were added. 2. The higher tensile strength value and elongation at solution heat treat was higher than solution heat treat and then were aged.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.1374-1377
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• 2003

Ti-8Ta-3Nb is made for biomaterial. The experimental speciments are as-cast Ti-8Ta-3Nb and Ti-8Ta-3Nb swaged. The solution treatment in the range 760-96$0^{\circ}C$have been carried out. The microstructural investigations have been carried out on the specimens after the solution treatment. and the hardness have been measured. And the specific heat and the dilatometer of Ti-8Ta-3Nb swaged have been measured. From the result, the $\beta$ transus of the alloy was determined to be 880-86$0^{\circ}C$.