• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2014

The Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) is a near-infrared wide-band high-resolution spectrograph jointly developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and the University of Texas at Austin. IGRINS employs three HAWAII-2RG Focal Plane Array (H2RG FPA) detectors. We present the design and fabrication of the detector mount for the H2RG detector. The detector mount consists of a detector housing, an ASIC housing, a Field Flattener Lens (FFL) mount, and a support base frame. The detector and the ASIC housing should be kept at 65 K and the support base frame at 130 K. Therefore they are thermally isolated by the support made of GFRP material. The detector mount is designed so that it has features of fine adjusting the position of the detector surface in the optical axis and of fine adjusting yaw and pitch angles in order to utilize as an optical system alignment compensator. We optimized the structural stability and thermal characteristics of the mount design using computer-aided 3D modeling and finite element analysis. Based on the structural and thermal analysis, the designed detector mount meets an optical stability tolerance and system thermal requirements. Actual detector mount fabricated based on the design has been installed into the IGRINS cryostat and successfully passed a vacuum test and a cold test.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.3.2-3.2
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• 2011

In recent years, inkjet printing technology has received significant attention as a micro/nanofabrication technique for flexible printing of electronic circuits and solar cells, as well for biomaterial patterning. It eliminates the need for physical masks, causes fewer environment problems, lowers fabrication costs, and offers good layer-to-layer registration. To fulfill the requirements for use in the above applications, however, the inkjet system must meet certain criteria such as high frequency jetting, uniform droplet size, high density nozzle array, etc. Existing inkjet devices are either based on thermal bubbles or piezoelectric pumping; they have several drawbacks for flexible printing. For instance, thermal bubble jetting has limitations in terms of size and density of the nozzle array as well as the ejection frequency. Piezoelectric based devices suffer from poor pumping energy in addition to inadequate ejection frequency. Recently, an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technique has been suggested and proposed as an alternative to thermal bubble or piezoelectric devices. In EHD jetting, a liquid (ink) is pumped through a nozzle and a strong electric field is applied between the nozzle and an extractor plate, which induce charges at the surfaces of the liquid meniscus. This electric field creates an electric stress that stretches the meniscus in the direction of the electric field. Once the electric field force is larger than the surface tension force, a liquid droplet is formed. An EHD inkjet head can produce droplets smaller than the size of the nozzle that produce them. Furthermore, the EHD nano-inkjet can eject high viscosity liquid through the nozzle forming tiny structures. These unique features distinguish EHD printing from conventional methods for sub-micron resolution printing. In this presentation, I will introduce the recent research results regarding the EHD nano-inkjet and the printing system, which has been applied to solar cell or thin film transistor applications.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.39.2-39.2
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• 2010

In this paper, I present the domestic development of near infrared camera systems for the ground telescope and the space satellite. These systems are the first infrared instruments made for astronomical observation in Korea. KASINICS (KASI Near Infrared Camera System) was developed to be installed on the 1.8m telescope of the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO) in Korea. KASINICS is equipped with a $512{\times}512$ InSb array enable L band observations as well as J, H, and Ks bands. The field-of-view of the array is $3.3'{\times}3.3'$ with a resolution of 0.39"/pixel. It employs an Offner relay optical system providing a cold stop to eliminate thermal background emission from the telescope structures. From the test observation, limiting magnitudes are J=17.6, H=17.5, Ks=16.1 and L(narrow)=10.0 mag at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 in an integration time of 100 s. MIRIS (Multi-purpose InfraRed Imaging System) is the main payload of the STSAT-3 in Korea. MIRIS Space Observation Camera (SOC) covers the observation wavelength from $0.9{\mu}m$ to $2.0{\mu}m$ with a wide field of view $3.67^{\circ}{\times}3.67^{\circ}$. The PICNIC HgCdTe detector in a cold box is cooled down below 100K by a micro Stirling cooler of which cooling capacity is 220mW at 77K. MIRIS SOC adopts passive cooling technique to chill the telescope below 200K by pointing to the deep space (3K). The cooling mechanism employs a radiator, a Winston cone baffle, a thermal shield, MLI of 30 layers, and GFRP pipe support in the system. Opto-mechanical analysis was made in order to estimate and compensate possible stresses from the thermal contraction of mounting parts at cryogenic temperatures. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of mechanical structure was also conducted to ensure safety and stability in launching environments and in orbit. MIRIS SOC will mainly perform the Galactic plane survey with narrow band filters (Pa $\alpha$ and Pa $\alpha$ continuum) and CIB (Cosmic Infrared Background) observation with wide band filters (I and H) driven by a cryogenic stepping motor.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

인공위성에 사용되는 온도 측정 센서는 서미스터(Thermistor) 와 AD590이 주로 많이 사용되고 있다. AD590은 IC chip으로 서미스터에 비해 고가이며 $1^{\circ}C$ 온도 변화에 출력 전류가 약 $1{\mu}A$ 변하는 특성을 가진다. 이에 비해 서 미스터는 온도 변화에 따라 저항 값이 변하므로 외부에서 전류나 혹은 전압 stimulus를 인가해 주어야한다. 또한 일반적으로 AD590에 비해 저가이며 NTC(Negative Temperature Coefficient)와 PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient) 두 가지 형태의 센서가 사용되고 있다. 고 정밀 저궤도 지구관측용 인공위성의 경우 온도에 따른 카메라 구조물의 변형이 최종 영상 품질에 영향을 미치게 되므로 고 품질의 영상획득을 위하여 카메라 구조물의 정밀 온도 제어가 필수적으로 요구되며 이를 구현하기 위해서 매우 정확한 온도측정 요구조건이 주어지게 된다. 저궤도 인공위성의 경우 카메라 시스템에 부착된 온도센서의 측정 정확도 요구조건이 $0.3^{\circ}C$ 까지 요구되는 경우도 있다. 본 논문은 저 궤도 인공위성에 적용된 서 미스터의 온도 측정 정확도에 대한 분석 내용을 나타내었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.2367-2375
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• 2022

In this work, we propose a new mechanistic model for the treatment of helium behaviour at the grain boundaries in oxide nuclear fuel. The model provides a rate-theory description of helium inter-granular behaviour, considering diffusion towards grain edges, trapping in lenticular bubbles, and thermal resolution. It is paired with a rate-theory description of helium intra-granular behaviour that includes diffusion towards grain boundaries, trapping in spherical bubbles, and thermal re-solution. The proposed model has been implemented in the meso-scale software designed for coupling with fuel performance codes SCIANTIX. It is validated against thermal desorption experiments performed on doped UO₂ samples annealed at different temperatures. The overall agreement of the new model with the experimental data is improved, both in terms of integral helium release and of the helium release rate. By considering the contribution of helium at the grain boundaries in the new model, it is possible to represent the kinetics of helium release rate at high temperature. Given the uncertainties involved in the initial conditions for the inter-granular part of the model and the uncertainties associated to some model parameters for which limited lower-length scale information is available, such as the helium diffusivity at the grain boundaries, the results are complemented by a dedicated uncertainty analysis. This assessment demonstrates that the initial conditions, chosen in a reasonable range, have limited impact on the results, and confirms that it is possible to achieve satisfying results using sound values for the uncertain physical parameters.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2012

다목적실용위성 3A호에 탑재되는 고해상도의 중적외선 영상자료에 대한 지표면 식별 특성을 파악하기 위하여, 고해상도 중적외선 영상 획득이 가능한 AHS(Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner) 자료를 사용하여 중적외선 영상 자료의 지표면 온도 산출 가능성과 토지피복도 분류 정확도를 평가하였다. 먼저 AHS 열적외선 자료로 작성한 지표면 온도 영상과 AHS 중적외선 각 밴드의 화소값을 비교한 결과 주간과 야간 모두 밴드 68(중심파장 $4.64{\mu}m$)의 결정계수가 0.74이상으로 가장 높았다. 다음으로 AHS 중적외선 밴드를 이용하여 토지피복도를 작성한 결과 주간의 경우 지붕, 도로, 초지, 식생, 수역 등이 구분 가능했지만 야간의 경우 초지와 식생, 도로와 수역, 지붕과 도로 등 일부 클래스들이 서로 중복되어 나타났다. AHS 중적외선 밴드의 지표면 식별 능력의 향상 가능성을 파악하기 위하여 주간과 야간자료의 편차 영상을 구하여 토지피복도를 작성한 결과 Zone 1과 Zone 2의 소지역별 분류정확도가 각각 67.5%, 64.3%로서, 주간 또는 야간 중적외선 밴드로 작성된 토지피복도에 비해 10% 이상 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 고해상도 중적외선 밴드 영상자료는 지표면온도 산출시 지표 피복 특성을 고려한 알고리즘 개발이 요구되며, 지표면 식별 능력은 주간에 비해 야간이 낮으므로 주간과 야간의 편차 영상을 이용할 경우 지표면 식별 능력을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.387-395
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• 2006

A review on advanced flow visualization techniques is presented particularly for applications to micro scale heat and mass transport measurements. Challenges, development and applications of micro scale visualization techniques are discussed for the study of heating/evaporating thin films, a heated micro channel, and a thermopneumatic micro pump. The developed methods are (1) Molecular Tagging Fluorescence Velocimetry (MTFV) using 10-nm caged seeding molecules (2) Micro Particle Velocimetry (MPIV) and (3) Ratiometric Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) for micro-resolution thermometry. These three methods are totally non-intrusive techniques and would be useful to investigate the temperature and flow characteristics in MEMS. Each of these techniques is discussed in three-fold: (1) its operating principle and operation, (2) its application and measurement results, and (3) its future challenges.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.930-934
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• 2006

This paper reports a change of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) properties by post-treatment process after growth of CNTs. CNTs were treated by thermal method and solution method, and then investigated in detail using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), high resolution transmission scanning electron microscopy(HR-TEM), RAMAN spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR). FT-IR spectra showed that the amount of hydroxyl generated on surface of CNTs were changed with post-treatment condition. FE-SEM and TEM images were shown CNTs diameter and density variations were dependent with their treatment conditions. RAMAN spectroscopy was shown that carbon nanotubes structure vary with treatment conditions.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2003

As electric power systems grow to supply the increasing electric power demand short-circuit current tends to increase and impose a severe burden on circuit breakers and power system apparatuses. Thus, all electric equipment in a power system has to he designed to withstand the mechanical and thermal stresses of potential short-circuit currents. Among current limiting devices, Fault Current Limiter (FCL) is expected to reduce the short-circuit current. Especially, Superconducting Fault Current Limiters (SFCL) offer ideal performance: in normal operation the SFCL is in its superconducting state and has negligible impedance, in the event of a fault, the transition into the normal conducting state passively limits the current. The SFCL using high-temperature superconductors offers a positive resolution to controlling fault-current levels on utility distribution and transmission networks. This study contributes to the EMTDC based modeling and simulation method of DC Reactor type SFCL. Single and three phase faults in the utility system with DC reactor type SFCLs have been simulated using EMTDC in order to coordinate with other equipments, and the results are discussed in detail.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2012

Exploration in microelectromechanical systems(MEMS) and nanotechnology requires evaluation techniques suitable for sub-micron length scale so that thermal and mechanical properties of novel materials can be investigated for optimal design of miro/nanostructures. The ultrafast optical pump-probe technique provides a contact-free and non-destructive way to characterize nanoscale thin-films, and its ultrahigh temporal resolution enables the study of heat-transport phenomena down to a sub-picosecond regime. This paper reviews the principle of optical pump-probe technique and introduces its application to the area of micro/nano-NDE.