• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-72
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• 2023

IM Won-jun(任元濬, 1423~1500) was an Confucianism Doctor in the former period of Joseon Dynasty. Through IM Won-jun's historical trace we could know the range of Uiseoseubdoggwan(Medical Learning Officer)'s duty not limited to study medical books at that time but extended to medical treat, educate, recommend medical policy, personnel manage, carry out administrative work, carry out all the works concerned with medical books, make new medicines at different official period. Among these after learning duties the Royal Family of the Joseon Dynasty awarded high grades to medical treatment for king and king's mother, but from the viewpoint of advancement of medicine controling the top of medical policy as a chief of Jeonuigam had important meaning. The system of Uiseoseubdoggwan(Medical Learning Officer) in the Joseon Dynasty played the role of cultivating widely the man of ability who leaded medical development by sharing the man of ability between medicine and confucianism which was dominant learning at that time, so the knowledge and professional skill of medicine, Yin-Yang and the Five Elements theory, the spirit of relief of the world were spreaded across to national administration, education, publication culture, putting philosophy of filial piety into practice in the Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2022

With the development of artificial intelligence analysis methods, especially machine learning, various fields are widely expanding their application ranges. However, in the case of classical music, there still remain some difficulties in applying machine learning techniques. Genre classification or music recommendation systems generated by deep learning algorithms are actively used in general music, but not in classical music. In this paper, we attempted to classify opera among classical music. To this end, an experiment was conducted to determine which criteria are most suitable among, composer, period of composition, and emotional atmosphere, which are the basic features of music. To generate emotional labels, we adopted zero-shot classification with four basic emotions, 'happiness', 'sadness', 'anger', and 'fear.' After embedding the opera libretto with the doc2vec processing model, the optimal number of clusters is computed based on the result of the elbow method. Decided four centroids are then adopted in k-means clustering to classify unsupervised libretto datasets. We were able to get optimized clustering based on the result of adjusted rand index scores. With these results, we compared them with notated variables of music. As a result, it was confirmed that the four clusterings calculated by machine after training were most similar to the grouping result by period. Additionally, we were able to verify that the emotional similarity between composer and period did not appear significantly. At the end of the study, by knowing the period is the right criteria, we hope that it makes easier for music listeners to find music that suits their tastes.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.16-26
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• 2016

Background: Deficiencies in the ability to maintain balance are common in elderly. Augmented feedback such as knowledge of results (KR) can accelerate learning and mastering a motor skill in older people. Objects: We designed this study to examine whether one session of Wii-Fit game with self-regulated KR is effective for elderly people, and to compare the effect of two different timings of self-regulated KR conditions. Methods: Thirty-nine community-dwelling elders, not living in hospice care or a nursing home, participated in this study. During acquisition, two groups of volunteers were trained in 10 blocks of a dynamic balancing task under the following 2 conditions, respectively: (a) a pre-trial self-regulated KR ($n_1=18$), or (b) a post-trial self-regulated KR ($n_2=21$). Immediate retention tests and delayed retention tests of balancing performance were administered in 15 minutes and 24 hours following acquisition period, respectively. Results: In both groups, significant improvements of balancing performances scores were observed during the acquisition period. Regardless of the group, mean of balancing performance scores on retention tests were well-maintained from the final session. There were no significant differences between groups in balancing performance scores during the acquisition period (p>.05); however, the post-trial self-regulated KR group exhibited significantly higher balancing performance scores in both the immediate retention test and delayed retention test than that of the pre-trial self-regulated KR group (p<.05). Conclusion: Therefore, subjects who regulated their feedback after a dynamic balancing task, during the acquisition period, experienced more efficient motor learning during the retention period than did subjects who regulated their feedback before a dynamic balancing task. Accordingly, in case of presenting the KR of motor learning in clinical settings to elders who reduced dynamic balance abilities, the requesting time of KR is imperative according to self-estimation processes as well as types of KR and practice.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.28-37
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status of team learning in engineering education. For this, literature review and survey were used. The survey was conducted with 16 professors and 627 students in engineering college. Based on the results, team should be organized in consideration of various characteristics and competencies for effective team learning activities in engineering education. And in the team learning operations, it is necessary to make the conditions for students to immerse in team learning through the activation of communication of team members, tightening management of free riding in team learning, and optimizing team learning period. It is necessary to use the team learning evaluation method in harmony with the team, individual and peer evaluation.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.331-368
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• 2024

This study aims to examine trends in personalized education in South Korea by analyzing major keywords from big news data using topic modeling techniques. To achieve this objective, we analyzed 19,874 news articles published in South Korea between January 2018 and October 2023. The keywords were categorized into three distinct time periods: January 2018 to December 2019 (Period 1), January 2020 to December 2021 (Period 2), and January 2022 to October 2023 (Period 3). The results reveal distinct keyword trends across the three periods. In Period 1, keywords such as "university," "junior college," "Seoul," and "Samsung Electronics" were prominent. In Period 2, "Corona," "Seoul," and "AI" emerged as significant terms. In Period 3, "government," "AI," "region," "students," and "youth" were identified. These findings indicate a focus on personalized education and competency development at various levels, including local, national, and institutional (universities and colleges). We can confirm the increasing prevalence of personalized education in response to the growing demand for digital and AI technologies, with numerous colleges nationwide promoting these initiatives at a national level. Additionally, the application of personalized education was observed as a measure to support underachieving students, addressing issues such as educational gaps and foundational education. This suggests a blend of both universal and specific approaches to personalized education. Based on these findings, the study recommends that to properly progress this idea, an elaborate theoretical framework that creates a balance between the pedagogical objective of satisfying the requirements of particular learners and adaptive learning technology would be needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.598-604
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• 1985

One hundred consecutive patients with the Tetralogy of Fallot underwent total correction at National Medical Center during the period 1977 to 1984, Oct. During this study period, we adopted more active policy towards reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract across pulmonary valve. The mortality was 48% for patients less than 15 kg and 19% in patients above 15kg. Initially Bretschneider`s solution was used as cardioplegia, which was replaced by St. Thomas` solution since 1983, Jan. After then overall mortality dropped to 9% compared to 45% of initial learning period. Heart block occurred In 11 patients, 10 of whom died of combined low cardiac output syndrome. Pure low cardiac output syndrome was noted in 18 patients, most of whom responded to medical measures well except 4 patients. Recently sepsis of Serratia marcescence, which occurred explosively during several months to open heart surgery patients, attacked 3 tetralogy patients resulting in 2 hospital deaths. Our experience has shown that body weight, choice of cardioplegia and accumulation of experience as well as advance of operative and postoperative techniques are still important factors affecting survival rate at initial learning period.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.51-61
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• 2023

In this study, the effects of pre-learning attitude on learning participation and academic achievement was analyzed when applying the flipped learning methodology to engineering subject education. The modified PARTN teaching and learning model was applied, and pre-class survey, assessment on learning in pre-class, and post-class survey were conducted to analyze the effectiveness of flipped learning. The results were analyzed for 24 students who took the applied thermodynamics lecture. They were asked to take the course with the videos provided in the pre-class stage, and a pre-learning assessment was conducted to measure the completeness and understanding of the learning. As a result of the study, it was found that students with relatively excellent learning ability had excellent pre-learning evaluation results and excellent final academic achievement. In addition, the lower the pre-learning completion rate within the pre-learning period or the higher the learning rate using mobile devices, the more difficult it was to faithfully complete pre-learning, leading to poor pre-learning evaluation results. Meanwhile, the survey revealed that conducting pre-learning assessments were helpful in encouraging individual learning. In addition, cases reflecting pre-learning evaluation results to course grades showed higher pre-learning evaluation results than cases not reflecting pre-learning evaluation results to course grades, and in flipped learning classes, pre-learning evaluations act as a factor that promotes pre-class learning.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2007

With a focus on LabView language to program Lego Mindstoms Robot in afterschool class to help children develop their special ability and aptitude. The purpose of this research was to make proposal for programming learning method using a robot as an algorithm learning tool to improve creative problem solving ability. To do this, robot programming training program in the amount of 30th period and teaching aids thereof were developed, and 6th grade primary school children were taught up to 30th period, then after, they were evaluated accordingly. Results from analysis of evaluation of achievement level with a focus on outcomes according to each period revealed that learners understood most of contents of curriculum. In view of such results from evaluation, it is judged that the curriculum as well as teaching aids that devised and created have been constituted in order that school children will be able to have developed a shared understanding of their learning sufficiently, and to put it into practice easily. Through these hands-on experiences in the course of researches, researcher could have confirmed the possibility of success for robot-programming training class as new creative algorithm learning tool in the primary school curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.539-546
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• 2015

Objective : To report the learning curve of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for a surgeon who had not been previously exposed to this procedure based on the period and detailed technique with a retrospective matched comparative design. Methods : Of 213 patients with lumbar disc herniation encountered during the reference period, 35 patients who were followed up for 1 year after PELD were enrolled in this study. The patients were categorized by the period and technique of operation : group A, the first 15 cases, who underwent by the 'in-and-out' technique; group B, the next 20 cases, who underwent by the 'in-and-out-and-in' technique. The operation time, failure rate, blood loss, complication rate, re-herniation rate, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back and leg were checked. The alteration of dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCSA) between the preoperative and the postoperative MRI was checked. Results : Operative time was rapidly reduced in the early phase, and then tapered to a steady state for the 35 cases receiving the PELD. After surgery, VAS scores for the back and leg were decreased significantly in both groups. Complications occurred in 2 patients in group A and 2 patients in group B. Between the two groups, there were significant differences in operative time, improvement of leg VAS, and expansion of DSCSA. Conclusion : PELD learning curve seems to be acceptable with sufficient preparation. However, because of their high tendency to delayed operation time, operation failure, and re-herniation, caution should be exercised at the early phase of the procedure.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.9 no.spc
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• pp.99-112
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• 2003

This study investigated how different types of formal instruction affect the second language looming of English grammatical structure among Korean high-school students. The linguistic focus of the study was English present perfect, which often creates learning problems for Korean learners of English. Subjects were divided into a control group and an experimental group (Enhanced group). The input the subjects in the experimental group received was manipulated by visually enhancing (with highlighting of the target structures in a reading text). Learners' awareness of the rules throughout the treatment period, as well as accuracy of target structures was measured. Results indicated that subjects in the Enhanced group showed higher performance than the control group. Further, awareness of rules that learners developed over the treatment period did not provide any advantage in learning.