• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.69-91
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• 2014

This study aims to examine the patterns of middle-aged parents' intergenerational support exchange with their adult children and its effects on the happiness of the parents. The sample consisted of 765 middle-aged parents selected from the National Survey of Korean Families by the Ministry of Equality and Family in 2010. The results were as follows. First, intergenerational support exchange between parents and their adult children was categorized into four groups depending on the provider of support: parents who exchanged no support with their children, parents who only received support from their children, parents who only provided support to their children, and parents who exchanged support with their children. Second, parents who exchanged no support with their children were high in instrumental support and those who both provided and received support were high in emotional support. Third, consciousness of their children significantly affected the satisfaction level of their relationship with their children. The more the parents emphasize on the growth of their children, the more they were satisfied. Parents in the support exchange group were more satisfied when they received economic support from their children. With regard to instrumental and emotional support, parents were more satisfied when they provided support to or mutually exchanged support with their children. Forth, subjective health conditions, consciousness of their children, and household's income more significantly affected the happiness of middle-aged parents than the patterns of intergenerational support exchange. With regard to economic support, parents who only received support from their children were less happy than the other groups. With regard to instrumental support, parents who exchanged no support with their children were happier than the other groups. With regard to emotional support, parents who provided support to their children were happier than the other groups.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.292-302
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• 2004

The nutritional status of middle-aged overweight and control normal subjects were evaluated for the purpose of providing the background information of the degenerative disease control. A survey was conducted with 293 healthy subjects (121 males and 172 females) between the ages 40-64. The average BMI (body mass index) of male subjects was 24.5 $\pm2.75$, and that of females was 23.5 $\pm2.87$. The average values of WHR (waist-hip ratio) were 0.88 $\pm0.04$, for males and 0.82 $\pm0.07$, for females. The normal BMI group (BMI 18.5-22.9) comprised 28.9% of males and 47.1% of females. The percentage of overweight subjects (BMI 23-24.9) was 26.4% of males and 30.8% of females. The obese group (BMI ＞ 25) was 44.6% of males ana 22.1% of females, showing the greater rate of obese state among male subjects. The average energy intakes were 76.6 $\pm14.9$% for males and 77.8 $\pm12.6$, % for females, protein intakes were 108.0 $\pm24.6$% for males and 111.2 $\pm22.7$, % for females of the RDA levels. The average intakes of other nutrients were above the 75% of RDA levels except calcium. The average nutrient intakes of the three subgroups according to their BMI values were not different for both males and females. There were weak correlations between obesity and blood biochemical indices. There were positive correlations between BMI or WHR and hemoglobin, hematocrit, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, AST or ALT. There were negative correlations between BMI or WHR and HDL-cholesterol. These results suggest that the obesity rate of middle-aged is an influential factor of chronic disease. The middle-aged subjects of this study with higher educational and socioeconomic background tend to have desirable nutrition knowledge and attitude, but the application of their knowledge or attitude was relatively poor.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.424-435
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• 2022

Aesthetic impression, structural stability, functionality during exercise, freedom of movement and physiological suitability should be considered when developing aquarobic wear for middle-aged women. We conducted a visual evaluation of the commercial aquarobic wear of the five brands (ARENA, TURN, RALLY, RENOMA and ELLE) with the highest market share and selected three items: one-piece type (OPT); two-piece type (TPT) and whole-body type (WBT). These are the most worn types of aquarobic wear for each brand. The G4 showed the best results in appearance evaluation of the shoulder strap width, front neckline, armhole line, side hip line and short pants length in the OPT category. The TPT had better ratings as the shoulder strap was located in the center of the shoulder, and the front and the back necklines were not too deep. The five items of WBT clothing received similar ratings for each element, so it is considered that the advantages are evenly distributed. No single design was a clear favorite. Based on the above results, continuous research on the development of aquarobic wear that is more suitable and preferable for middle-aged women should be conducted.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.436-445
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify social support networks for each life-cycle stage of adults. Method: A total of 1,047 subjects included 454 young adults, 262 middle-aged adults and 331 senior adults. Data were collected using Oh's Korean Version Norbeck's Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ), and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. Result: For the young adults, parents were the top and second priority as important social support resources, the third was siblings, and then friends. For the middle-aged, spouse was the first priority as an important social support resource, while the second and the third were children. For the senior adults, children ranked from the top to the seventh priority. The mean number of social support resources was 13.23 for the young adult, 12.93 for the middle-aged and 5.30 for the senior adults. Social support networks of the young adults significantly differed according to gender and marital status. That of the middle-aged significantly differed according to family size. In addition, that of the senior adults was significantly different according to marital status, economic status, religion and family size. Conclusion: It is essential to consider social support networks for each life-cycle stage of adults when making a social support intervention program.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.507-517
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• 2016

본 연구는 중년여성을 대상으로 이들이 경험하는 외상사건의 유형과 특성을 살펴보고 이들이 외상 후 성장과 자기실현을 이루는 과정에서 애착이 미치는 영향을 탐색하고자 하였다. 연구 참여자는 서울, 경기지역의 중년여성 221명이었고 설문지는 외상경험 질문지, 애착 척도, 외상 후 성장 척도, 자기실현 척도로 구성되었으며, 중년여성의 외상경험 유형과 특성은 빈도분석을 실시하였고, 각 변인들 간의 관계를 분석하기 위해 상관계수와 구조방정식 모형검증을 통해 확인하였다. 주요연구 결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 가까운 사람의 상실(사망, 이별, 이혼, 실연, 절교)이 중년여성들에게 일반적이고, 가장 큰 위기 사건으로 보고되었고, 둘째, 애착, 외상 후 성장, 자기실현 간의 관계를 살펴보면, 부 모안정애착, 영적변화는 인간성, 자기수용성의 하위변인을 제외한 모든 하위변인에서 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 구조방정식 모형검증 결과, 애착이 외상 후 성장과 자기실현에 정적인 영향을 미치고, 외상 후 성장이 애착과 자기실현을 매개하는 변인으로 나타났다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.771-786
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• 2020

This study aims to develop a life-friendly, wrap-one-piece style dance sports practice wear considering the physical characteristics of middle-aged, abdominally obese women. These types of practice wear allow people to enjoy exercise easily and to wear these garments as daily wear while meeting the requirements for dance sports wear. The three participants selected for this study were all women with five or more years of dance sports experience and were all average sized on Korea's abdominal obesity scale. In the first phase of the study, practice wear was created in a total of nine styles with three different styles of neckline depths for three different styles of dress skirt lengths. In the second phase of the study, the practice wear was created in 15 styles with five different styles of sleeve lengths for three different styles of waistline heights. After analyzing the design preferences of the participants, the fit preferences of the designs were evaluated and the final appearance was analyzed in order to suggest a pattern. The results of the subjects' first and second preference evaluations showed a preference for a 10 centimeter neckline depth, for high waistlines, and for elbow to wrist-length sleeves. The implementation of this research is expected to be extensive, as its results can be used as basic data for making lifestyle dance sports practice wear that covers the physical insecurities of middle-aged, abdominally obese women and enables them to enjoy their leisure time.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the use pattern of alternative therapies in middle aged women. Method: The subjects of this study were 530 women from 40 to 64 years of age. The data of this study was patients' records. The data was gathered from April 1st, 2004 to June 30th, 2004. Data was analyzed statistically by using the SPSS/WIN 10.0 program. Result: It was shown that 63.5% of the subjects have utilized one or more types of alternative therapy. The most common type of alternative therapy was dietary and nutritional therapy 38.3%, and the place of use was the home 64.1%. The most common reason was a recommendation by friends. The degree of satisfaction after the use of alternative therapy was 95.2%. Among users of alternative therapies, the most frequent responses to each question were as follows; Motive of Use- "for health maintenance and promotion." (62.7%) In the relation ship between general characteristics and utilization of alternative therapy, religion(x2=12.33, p=.02), exercise(x2=8.21, p=.004), and health status(x2=14.95, p=.005) showed a significant statistical difference. Conclusion: We found that middle aged women used alternative therapies more frequently than other populations. Therefore, it is suggested that medical doctors or nurses verify the true effects or side-effects from the most therapies or nurses verify the true effects or side-effects from the most common complementary or alternative therapies through experiments.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2000

This study examined the experience and intention of health food use regarding the different type of health foods among 201 middle-aged Korean men form urban areas. Based upon the results of a prestudy, health foods were classified into 4 groups including Chinese medicine(CM), toner foods(TF), vitamin or mineral supplements(VMS), and other manufactured heath food supplements(MHFS). compared with the4 case of health food experience, the similar proportion of the subjects were intended to use CM( 70%) and MHFS( 40%), yet the smaller proportion of them had the intention for TF(46%) and VMS(52%). Our subjects mainly obtained information on CM and TF from social networks, such as families, relatives, friends and neighbors and VMS and MHFS from mass media. Expected effects of health food consumption were different by the type of health food. The most positive expected effects were found in CM, followed by VMS. However, there was weak evidence for the positive effects of the TF and MHFS. Upon the consumption of health foods, our subject appeared to expect to their body energy to increased and body functions to be improved in general. Multivariate analyses indicated the importance of expected effects of health food consumption and aging symptoms as determinants of future health food use. Experience was rarely associated with intention in health food use. This study suggests that educated middle-aged Korean men may have a rational attitude toward health food use. Regarding different attitudes and behavior toward the different type of health foods, further research should consider the nature of each type of health foods. The limitations of this study are also discussed.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.451-467
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the related factors for psychological crises in Korean middle aged adults. Methods: RISS, KISS, National Assembly Digital Library, CINAHL, and PubMed were searched for relevant articles published until October 3, 2016. Finally, a total of 23 studies were included. Meta-analysis of the studies was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software to calculate the effect size. Results: The related variables of psychological crisis were categorized into 23 variables and 5 factor groups. The effects size (ES) of the overall defensive variables was -0.28. In the defensive factors, the psychological factor (ES=-0.67), followed by cognitive and behavioral factor (ES=-0.34), physical factor (ES=-0.31), and social relational factor (ES=-0.29) had the greatest effect on psychological crises. The effects size of the overall risk variables was 0.48. In the risk factors, the physical factor (ES=0.61) had the greatest effect on psychological crises, followed by the psychological factor (ES=0.53), and cognitive and behavioral factor (ES=0.10). Conclusion: An intervention program is needed to strengthen the defensive factors and reduce the risk factors for psychological crises of Korean middle aged adults.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.563-578
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• 2022

Society's emphasis on a thin body ideal may intensify an individual's negative perceptions of fatness. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sociocultural attitudes toward appearance (awareness and internalization of the female ideal) and anti-fat attitudes among middle-aged Korean women. In addition, the aim was to examine whether the body internalization of female ideals was a mediator in the proposed model. Participants included a sample of 264 middle-aged Korean women who completed a series of measures online. The following information was collected through online questionnaires: awareness and internalization of the female ideal, attitudes toward fat, body weight perception, and demographics. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. The measurement model and the structural model testing provided an acceptable fit to the data, and all proposed pathways in the research model were statistically significant. Awareness of the female ideal was significantly and positively associated with internalization, and it significantly and positively predicted both constructs of anti-fat attitudes. Additionally, awareness of the female ideal was significantly and positively indirectly associated with attitudes toward fat people-dislike and willpower mediated by internalization. Overall, these findings suggest that society's emphasis on female appearance and a thin body can ultimately result in significant stigmatization of overweight/obese individuals. This study emphasizes the importance of establishing a healthy appearance standard to reduce anti-fat prejudice.