• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.281-289
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• 2004

Objective : Blepharoptosis is drooping of eyelid which causes impairment of visual field by covering partially or completely, and it is classified into congenital ptosis and acquired one. In western medicine, idiopathic blepharoptosis is usually treated by tarsectomy. Contrary to that concept, we consider eyelid is assigned to Yookryoon(肉輪) among Ohryoon(五輪) which matches to spleen. In oriental medicine, it can be treated by promoting spleen and kidney. Here I report two cases of idiopathic blepharoptosis improved by conservative acupuncture therapy and herb medicine. Methods : The changes in clinical symptoms of general body weakness, anorexia, dizziness, dry eye, etc, in degree of eyelid drooping and in individual expression were described as they were treated with acupuncture therapy, herb medicine, Bojoong-ikgi-tang(補中益氣湯) and some physical therapy including Negative, I.C.T, S.S.P and Carbon. Results : Symptoms(ex) general body weakness, anorexia, dizziness, dry eye, etc) at admission improved and disappeared gradually with acupuncture therapy and herb medicine. The patients could discharge with favorable recovery. Conclusions : In oriental medicine, blepharoptosis is mainly treated by promoting Qihyul(氣血) and enhancing flow of that. If the patient has deficiency of Suhnchun-poomboo(先天稟褓賦) and Mungmoon-hwa(命門火), he is treated by promoting Shin-yang(腎陽). If he is weak in Bee-qi(脾氣), he needs to be treated by strengthening Bee-yang(脾陽) where patient with lack of Ganhyul(肝血) is supposed to be treated by promoting Hyul(血). These following two cases were managed by acupuncture, herb medicine and physical therapy on idiopathic blepharoptosis.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.211-232
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• 1998

Because there were lots of side effects and tolerances to the existing anticancer therapeutics, the experiment extracting the anticancer effect from medicinal herbs is in progress liviely. Therefore the purpose of this study were to research the tendency and the course of anticancer studies. To research the tendency of anticancer studies, medicinal herbs of fifty three experimental papers were analyzed and to examine the course of studies, anticancer papers in the medical world were used. The obtained results were as follows: Methods of herbal medicinal treatments were elimination the pathogenic factor(祛邪) and supporting healthy energy(扶正) method used. In this study, immediately tumor bearing and immune response were the most important point. The subject of immediately tumor bearing was not in the specific cancer but in the influence on the life span of general cencerous cells. In the experimental study of immune response, the effect on NK cell activity of medicinal herbs most studied. The combined usage of medicinal herbs and anticancer agent mostly intended to know whether it inhibits the tumor cell growth. The serum test and blood cell number test show if medicinal herbs inhibit side effect of anticancer agent. More than 80 percents of used medicinal herbs, there were anticancer activities. However anticancer experimental studies using medicinal herbs two weak points. The one, it was difficult to choose a prescription according to differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證論) of the Oriental Medicine, because we put to the test not a man but a mouse. The other, as we observed the indirect effect of the whole physiological regulation caused by synergic effects of the complex prescription, we don't understand the detailed mechanism of the herb. Therefore, if the anticancer effect of the herb is proved the experiment, we should research the concrete medical action of medicinal herbs and immunological analysis of herbal medicines to the body.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2002

According to the literatural study on the utility of TaeWonEum, the results were as follows 1. TaeWonEum is the prescription originally registered on Zang jie Bin's ${\ll}$Jing-Yue-Quan-Shu${\gg}$ and because of the dificiency of the renmai, the chongmai in women, it is made for the discomfort of the pregnancy 2. On the treatment of miccarriage, they were used to the methods of tonificating qi and blood, tonificating insufficiency, making flesh, eliminating wind, tonificating the spleen, clearing heat, eliminating stagnant blood, tonificating blood, growing zhang qi, etc but it is almostly used to the method of tonificating qi and blood 3. TaeWonEum is used on the purposes of tonificating the spleen and stomach, qi and blood, on the case of both the discomfort of the pregnancy by the dificiency of the renmai, the chongmai in women, and the insufficiency of fetal growth by the difficiency of the spleen and stomach, qi and blood 4. The symptoms can be used which are the fetal problem of incipient pregnancy, quickening, lumbago, distension, pallor, weakness of the mind, dizziness, cold, anorexia 5. The additional methods of TaeWonEum are as follows when much turbid enuresis is concerned, Disscoreae Rhizoma, Psoraleae Fructus, Schizandrae Fructus can be added when a patient is very difficient of qi, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma is doubled and Astragali Radix can be added when a patient is often vomiting with asthenia-cold, Typhae Pollen can be added when a patient has fever and weak, Scutellariae Radix or Rehmanniae Radix can be added and E ucommiae Cortex can be subtracted when a patient has the colicky pain because of the difficiency of yin, Lycii Fructus can be added when a patient is at a great rage and qi is ascenting, Cyperi Rhizoma or Amomi Fructus can be added when a patient has hemorrage with trauma, Dipsaci Radix, Asini Gelatinum can be added when a patient's vomiting can not be reduced, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens can be added

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2013

King Sunjong was the 27th King and the last King in the Joseon Dynasty. He lived an unhappy life as the prince and the King of perishing country. At the age of 22, He witness the death of his mother Queen Myeongseong by Japanese assassin. He has a weak constitution and have many diseases. He get varicella(水痘) in infancy, and suffered from smallpox(紅疫) at 6, and catched the measles(天然痘) at 12. At the age of 25, Having drunk the coffee that contained opium(阿片), he had bloody excrement(血便) and lose the 18 teeth. The Symptoms that appeared frequently at adult age are indigestion(滯症), diarrhea(泄瀉), trophedema(足部浮腫), odontopathy(齒科疾患) etc. This indigestion(滯症) and diarrhea(泄瀉) are occurred by gastroenteropathy(胃腸病). This odontopathy(齒科疾患) is the aftereffect from having 18 false teeth. We assume that this trophedema(足部浮腫) is occurred by cardiac disease(心臟病) and renal disease(腎臟病). The chronic diseases of King Sunjong are gastroenteropathy(胃腸病), renal disease(腎臟病), cardiac disease(心臟病), rheumatism. We assume that the immediate cause of his death is the aggravation of the renal disease(腎臟病) and cardiac disease(心臟病). The medical treatments for him are hardly included in "Formal Records of the Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄)" which is the prime governmental document. Many royal doctors in court used the traditional Korean medicine, but western doctors from Japan often treated him by medical techniques such as injection(注射), consperg(散藥), liquid medicine(水藥).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.305-331
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• 1997

So far we oriental medical doctors have referred to Shin(腎) as endocrine system, especially suprarenal gland, sexual gland and autonomic nervous system, thyroid etc. as well as kidney. But the sight on thyroid is weak and the relationship with Shin(腎) hasn't been suggested clearly. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between Shin(腎) with thyroid. The following are the results. 1. Ki Gi(氣機) of Shin(腎) is similar to the fuction of thyroid in that they are the base of human metabolism, influencing all the metabolism of human tissue. 2. Shin Yang(腎陽) and thyroid hormone are almost identical in that they are the base of Yang Gi(陽氣), the former as source of heat energy, the latter as energy hormone. 3. Shin(腎) and thyroid hormone are almost the same in that they activate growth of human body. 4. Ki Gi(氣機) of Shin(腎) such as Ju Gol(主骨), Saeng Su(生髓), Tong uh Noi(通於腦) is similar to the effects of thyroid hormone on bones, central nervous system and hair 5. The symptoms of deficiency of Shin Eum(腎陰虛) are almost identical with those of hyperthyroidism, so the process of Yang Hwa Gi(陽化氣) caused by exuberance of Yang due to deficiency of Shin Eum(腎陰虛陽亢) is similar to excessive metabolism caused by hyperthyroidism. 6. The process of Eum Seong Hyung(陰成形) caused by preponderance of Eum due to deficiency of Shin Yang(腎陽虛陰盛) is similar to the lowering of metabolism caused by hypothyroidism. 7. Deficiency of Shin Eum(腎陰虛) is similar to hyperthyroidism, deficiency of Shin Yang(腎陽虛) to hypothyroidism. But there are major difference in edema and the fuction of intestine. To conclude, Ki Gi(氣機) of Shin is similar to the function of throid in many respects. I hope that there will be further studies on the relationship beteen thyroid malfuction with deficiency of Shin Yang(腎陽虛) or of Shin Eum(腎陰虛) in the future.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2024

Objective : Cognitive fusion, or believability, in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), refers to the tendency to become entangled in one's thoughts or feelings. It is an important factor in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. However, there is a lack of validated self-report measures for cognitive fusion and defusion, particularly for individuals with anxiety. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate the Korean Version of Believability of Anxious Feelings and Thoughts Questionnaire (K-BAFT). Methods : A total of 608 university students and 85 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) took part in this study. They were asked to complete various psychological measures, including the K-BAFT, other measures of ACT processes, and symptom scales. The researchers then analyzed the psychometric characteristics of the K-BAFT. Results : The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the three-factor structure of the K-BAFT, which was reported in the original study, was also found in the university sample. Additionally, both the student and the OCD group demonstrated strong internal consistency (α=0.86 and 0.91, respectively). In the university sample, the K-BAFT showed a strong correlation with the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (r_s=0.53, p<0.001). However, it had a weak correlation with symptoms scales for depression, anxiety, and stress (all r_s<0.32). Furthermore, the OCD group had higher scores on the K-BAFT compared to the university sample. Conclusion : K-BAFT is considered to be a reliable and valid self-report tool for measuring cognitive fusion with anxious thoughts and feelings.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.87-93
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• 2018

Objectives : The prevalence of infertility is reported to be 23.3%, which is a serious social problem. Habitual abortion is one of the important complications during pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to help the treatment of habitual abortion by observing and reporting the process in which four women who did not have children due to habitual abortion make healthy birth through treatment. Methods : We administered Jokyungjongok-tang gamibang as a herbal medicine treatment method and treated with acupuncture, moxibustion and uterine steam treatment. Treatment was done once or twice a week but it was also varied depending on the patient's circumstances. The herbal medicines were taken 30 minutes after meals and 3 times a day. While taking the Korean medicine, they were prohibited from eating flour, pork, liquor, tobacco and coffee. Patient status was assessed by consultation through pulse, tongue and abdomen. A detailed questionnaire was performed for each treatment. In some cases, they have tested hormone levels at the hospitals to know ovulation dates. The diagnosis of pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasonography at hospitals and the treatment for habitual abortion was judged based on healthy birth. Results : As a result of herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion and uterine steam treatment, the coldness of the body became weak, the fatigue decreased and the digestive condition gradually began to improve. The bad condition of the uterus caused by the repeated administration of heritage has been improved with Boheosaenghwa-tang gamibang. After administration of Jokyungjongok-tang gamibang, they became pregnant and overcame the condition of addictive abortion and gave birth to healthy children. Conclusion : Jokyungjongok-tang gamibang is effective in overcoming the symptoms of habitual abortion and giving birth to a healthy child for a woman who had no children due to her habitual abortion

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2006

1. Objectives This paper was written in order ro understand the conception on YangQi and YinQi in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Specially that were focused on the discourse of the symptoms and diseases. 2. Methods We analysis YangQi and YinQi in Gabobon(甲午本) and Sinchukbon(辛丑本) of ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$ 3. Results and Conclusions The symptomatic-pharmacology of Soeunin and Soyangin was base on the master of reserving life(保命之主). YangQi is ascending Qi and YinQi is descending Qi. that conception is Qi of the large and small organ. And that is appeared hot or cold Qi in body. The influential competition of YinYang is focused on primordial Qi(正氣) of small organ in Gabobon. And focused on small organ's the primordial Qi of the exterior disease and large that of the interior disease in Sinchukbon. YangQi is divided to physiological that and patholgical that at the discourse on the Soyangin’s interior disease in the Sinchukbon. Because YinQi is in proportion to physiological YangQi and inverse proportion to pathological YangQi, physiological that is similar to weak and strong of YinQi that is the master of reserving life. So ascending Yang of Soyangin is more correct as ascending physiological that. YinQi is not divided to physiologica that and patholgical that at the discourse on the Soeumin's interior disease in the Sinchukbon like Soyangin's that. But there is more reasonable that divid physiological YinQi and patholgical that. So descending Yin of Soeumin is more correct as descending physiological that.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the trends of Korean medicine treatments of spondylolisthesis. Methods We investigated the studies on Korean medicine treatments for spondylolisthesis via searching 4 Korean web databases (OASIS, KTKP, RISS, DBpia). We used "Spondylolisthesis", "Lumbar spondylolisthesis" as keyword. Limitations were as follows; Domestic studies, mentioning the treatments of spondylolisthesis in Korean medicine. This study researched and classified the papers according to type of study, published year, titles of journals, published institution, the number of cases, and types of treatments. Results 14 research papers were found to be analyzed according to their published year, the titles of journals, published institution, the types of study, the number of cases, and the types of treatments. 14 papers were published since 2000. The studies on Korean medicine treatments about spondylolisthesis were mainly published in the journal of Korean acupuncture & moxibustion medicine. 7 case reports, 6 case series, 1 RCT had been under research. In 14 cases of the studies, various Korean medicine treatments were used to treat the symptoms. Numeric rating scale (NRS) was used as primary assessments. Conclusions In this study, we analyzed the trends of Korean medicine treatments of spondylolisthesis. Reviewing the domestic trends of studies on Korean medicine treatments of spondylolisthesis and examining the strong and weak points of those treatments are essential for the further studies.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.11-27
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• 2012

King Cheoljong was the twenty-fifth King in the Joseon Dynasty. He did not live a comfortable royal life in his childhood. He succeeded to the crown in the age of 19 after a series of poor days in Ganghwado. During his sovereignty over the territory, the noble class with power interfered with his control in almost every issue, so he could not manage his authority as a ruler. His disease history is hardly included in "Formal Records of the Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄)" which is the prime governmental document, however, some of his disease history appear in "Records of the Diaries of the Kings of Joseon(日省錄)". The primary disease of King Cheoljong was nausea-vomiting, indigestion, diarrhea etc. caused by spleen-stomach weakness. Another main illness was phlegm syndrome. He showed symptoms of coughs, asthma, sputum, and he easily caught cold having a weak health condition. He died at 33 and cause of death was unclear with remaining documents. Just small chances are that the cause was lung tuberculosis. He took a large amount of herbal medicine in his life, which was for curing or toning up his body. Tonifying medicinal herbs were used continuously, and curing herbal medicine was used for spleen-stomach weakness, phlegm syndrome and cold treatment. Treatments of acupuncture and moxa rarely appear in the documents.