• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.49-54
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• 2011

Now the world will regulate the CO2 emission due to environmental issues. For an alternative plan photovoltaic system is watched. So, photovoltaic system is trend of big city and it is mandatory for renovation of construction. Oil & gas filling station existed in city is suitable to found the photovoltaic system. But the general photovoltaic system in oil & gas filling station is difficult to found because it is classified into hazardous area. This paper evaluates intrinsic safety evaluation of solar cell for making basic data to found for the photovoltaic system on hazardous area. The intrinsic safety characteristic is evaluated by short-circuit ignition test using IEC type spark ignition test apparatus and temperature rising test. The result of short-circuit ignition test, propane-air mixture gas is exploded on condition that 4 solar cells(9[V], 90[mA]) are connected serially under insolation 800[W/$m^2$]. So, if a larger solar module will be used at oil & gas filling station than we were tested, it needs explosion proof. As the result of rising temperature test, the temperature rising due to short circuit is not so much, but when the temperature rises due to radiant heat, it demands careful consideration for environmental influence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1989.06a
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• pp.11-14
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• 1989

Some experimental studies on the dielectric strength characteristics of organic material under compressive stress associated with high magnetic fields and of liquid coolant in the presence of thermally induced bubble, which might be generated at unexpected quench of immersed-cooling superconducting devices, was performed to obtain the basic data on the electrical insulation design for superconducting apparatus. PET and liquid nitrogen were used as test mediums.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.2209-2219
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• 1997

A split hopkinson bar could be used for obtaining the high strain rate material properties of sheet metals for an autobody. In high speed tensile tests of sheet matals, a new design of a tension split Hopkinson bar apparatus is needed. The design of grips and an anvil length are numerically analyzed with ABAQUS/Explicit for the new apparatus of split Hopkinson bars. From the experiments with the new apparatus, the material properties of SPCEN in the high strain rate state have been acquired and compared with quasi-static experimental results. The material properties of SPCEN as well as other sheet metals in an autobody are indispensible for the analysis of crashworthness. Nevertheless the experiment of sheet metal in the high strain rate state has not been done or reported.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.468-472
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• 2018

Background: Firefighters are required to use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), which impairs ventilatory mechanics. We hypothesized that firefighters have elevated arterial $CO_2$ when using SCBA. Methods: Firefighters and controls performed a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and two graded exercise tests (GXTs) at 25%, 50%, and 70% of their maximal aerobic power, once with a SCBA facemask and once with protective clothing and full SCBA. Results: Respiratory rate increased more in controls than firefighters. Heart rate increased as a function of oxygen consumption ($V_{O_2}$) more in controls than firefighters. End-tidal $CO_2$ ($ETCO_2$) during the GXTs was not affected by work rate in either group for either condition but was higher in firefighters at all work rates in both GXTs. SCBA increased $ETCO_2$ in controls but not firefighters. Conclusions: The present study showed that when compared to controls, firefighters' hypoventilate during a maximal test and GXT. The hypoventilation resulted in increased $ETCO_2$, and presumably increased arterial $CO_2$, during exertion. It is proposed that firefighters have altered $CO_2$ sensitivity due to voluntary hypoventilation during training and work. Confirmation of low $CO_2$ sensitivity and the consequence of this on performance and long-term health remain to be determined.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.11B no.4
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• pp.129-136
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• 2001

In order to evaluate the dielectric recovery strength for GCBs, two equations have been usually utilized. One is the empirical formula obtained from a series of tests and the other is the theoretical formula obtained from the streamer theory. In this paper, both methods were applied to predict the small capacitive current interruption capability of model circuit breakers and were investigated in terms of the reliability by comparing the simulation results with test ones.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.376-380
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• 2006

Temperature distribution measured to estimate the condition of an electrical apparatus is an absolute reference for the apparatus conditions and the difference between the reference temperature and the current temperature. Because of passive thermography, without the external thermal stimulation, the difference in surface temperature between the region of interest and back ground shows that the results can apply only to the estimation or the monitoring for the condition of loose terminal and the overload pertaining to the rise in temperature. However, a thermal diffusion in the active thermography is differently generated by the structure and condition of the surface and subsurface. This paper presents a nondestructive test using this behavior and deals with the results by heat injection and cooling to the apparatus. The buried discontinuity of subsurface could be detected by these techniques.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.5 no.4 s.18
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• pp.139-144
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• 2005

A ground anchor system is used as a load carrying element in soil work. The conventional systems with ground anthers bring about the anchorage loss of wedges when anchors are installed for the support of soil structures. Hence we developed the new type of anchor system using both the spacing apparatus and spring (length 60mm, diameter 6mm). In this system, we tan directly check the condition of wedges and PS strands and modify the problems with the slip and anchorage of wedges under construction. For demonstrating the superiority of this system, we carried out a series of the laboratory test. Consequently, we can obtain satisfactory result (18.99$\%$ reduction to the loss of conventional systems). Moreover, the replacement of wedges is easy and simple when retensioning of strands.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07b
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• pp.593-596
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• 1992

An evaluation method for the effective length of electromagnet - which bas U-shape in frontview and trapezoidal in side view - is presented. Using 2D FEM, 2 analysing models are introduced for calculating effective length of the magnet ; the front model is using the normalized equi-pole face area of the magnet and the side model using the normalized equi-magnetic circuit. The ratio of the effective length to the length of bottom plate (core) comes out 1.25 - 1.30. In addition, 3D FEM analysis has been done and a proto-type test model is manufactured to verify the analysing method. The ratio by the experiment appears 1.2, which is reasonably in good agreement with the suggested numerical results.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.579-583
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• 2001

Cause of noise/vibration for the sheet feeding apparatus of digital MFP is investigated by analyzing the measured sound pressure and the strategy for reducing the noise level is suggested. Factors related to the noise/vibration are found by loading test and the measurement of the noise by assembling the components. By checking the center distance between gears and the boss height, precision of assembly is identified as a main factor of noise. From the result of analysis, it can be concluded that the noise level of sheet feeding apparatus can be reduced by maintaining the distance between gears and the precision of assembly adequately.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1769-1773
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• 1996

The remaining life of generator stator winding has been the controversial issue amomg many experts in this area. The report from Japan claims that they can predict the remaining life of generator winding, while the North American has the negative opinion about it. This study aimed at verifying the validity of both Japanese criteria and North American argument on evaluation of generator winding insulation. Non destructive and destructive tests were performed on two hydro-generators. The test results showed that the trend analysis of stator winding insulation was the better option.