• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.323-334
• /
• 2010

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) are important components of the mammalian innate defence system against Gram-negative infections. The BPI/LBP cDNA was identified from the black rockfish ConA/PMA or LPS stimulated leukocyte cDNA library. The full-length BR-BPI/LBP cDNA was 2118 bp long and contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1422 bp that encoded 473 amino-acid residues. The 5' UTR had a length of 57 bp, and the 3' UTR 639 bp. The molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point (pI) values were calculated 51.4 kDa and 9.72, respectively. Compared with other known BPI or BPI/LBP peptide sequences, the most conserved regions of the black rockfish BPI/LBP peptide were found to be the BPI1 N-terminal, BPI2 C-terminal domains and a LPS binding domain. Phylogenetic analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence revealed a homologous relationship between the BPI/LBP sequence of black rockfish and that of other teleosts. The black rockfish BPI/LBP gene was predominantly expressed in the PBLs, head kidney, trunk kidney and spleen. The expression of the black rockfish BPI/LBP molecule was induced in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) from 1 to 24 h following LPS stimulation, with a peak at 12 h post-stimulation.

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.58-64
• /
• 2011

고온에서 PCB 처리를 통한 Au, Ag와 같은 귀금속뿐 아니라 Ni과 같은 주요 회유금속을 회수하기 위한 기초연구로서 CaO-$Al_2O_3$(-$SiO_2$) 및 CaO-$SiO_2$-$CaF_2$ 슬래그를 이용하여 Au, Ag, Ni의 회수거동올 관찰하였다. 슬래그 투입 없이 PCB만으로 용융실험을 수행한 결과 PCB는 거의 용융되지 않았으며, 이로부터 유도전류를 이용한 용융을 촉진할 뿐 아니라 유가금속의 회수를 위해서는 Cu와 갇은 적절한 base metal이 필요함을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과, PCB/Cu ratio는 1 이하가 바람직할 것으로 생각된다. CaO-$Al_2O_3$(-$SiO_2$) 및 CaO-$SiO_2$-$CaF_2$ 슬래그를 투입한 결과, $CaF_2$를 함유하는 fluorosilicate계 슬래그가 calcium aluminate계 슬래그보다 융점과 점도가 낮게 제어되었으며, 이로부터 Au, Ag, Ni의 높은 분배비를 얻을 수 있었다. 점도가 낮은 $CaF_2$ 함유 슬래그 적용 시 높은 유가금속 회수율은 슬래그 내에서 각 금속입자의 등속침강속도가 상승하기 때문인 것으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제29권9호
• /
• pp.1375-1382
• /
• 2019

Phenylalanine hydroxylase from Chromobacterium violaceum (CvPAH) is a monomeric enzyme that converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. It shares high amino acid identity and similar structure with a subunit of human phenylalanine hydroxylase that is a tetramer, resulting in the latent application in medications. In this study, semirational design was applied to CvPAH to improve the catalytic ability based on molecular dynamics simulation analyses. Four N-terminal truncated variants and one single point variant were constructed and characterized. The D267P variant showed a 2.1-fold increased thermal stability compared to the wild type, but lower specific activity was noted compared with the wild type. The specific activity of all truncated variants was a greater than 25% increase compared to the wild type, and these variants showed similar or slightly decreased thermostability with the exception of the $N-{\Delta}9$ variant. Notably, the $N-{\Delta}9$ variant exhibited a 1.2-fold increased specific activity, a 1.3-fold increased thermostability and considerably increased catalytic activity under the neutral environment compared with the wild type. These properties of the $N-{\Delta}9$ variant could advance medical and pharmaceutical applications of CvPAH. Our findings indicate that the N-terminus might modulate substrate binding, and are directives for further modification and functional research of PAH and other enzymes.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.987-997
• /
• 2012

POS단말기란 카드결제 가맹점의 판매정보를 실시간으로 관리하는 시스템으로, 카드결제 기능이 함께 탑재되어 있어 판매 및 고객관리에 편의성을 제공해준다. 이러한 장점으로 인해 많은 가맹점들이 POS단말기를 설치하여 사용하고 있지만 내부에 저장된 매출정보, 카드유효기간, 비밀번호, 카드 검증 값 등과 같은 결제정보가 외부의 해킹이나 내부자의 부정으로 인해 카드회원 신용정보 유출 및 위조카드 등과 같은 사고의 원인이 되고 있어 해결책이 시급한 시점이다. 본 논문에서는 POS단말기의 해킹 및 위 변조로 인해 발생하는 개인정보 유출과 관련된 사고를 사전에 방지하기 위하여 화이트 리스트 기반의 POS 시스템 내 소프트웨어 무결성 검증 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방식은 소프트웨어의 무결성을 제공하여 현재 암호화와 보안 솔루션에 의해 검증되어 설치된 프로그램의 변조를 방지하여 외부로부터의 위협 뿐 아니라 내부자에 의한 개인정보 유출 및 부정사용을 사전에 방지할 수 있다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.22-31
• /
• 2022

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the misfit and screw preload at the implant abutment connection of implant supported fixed dental prosthesis with cantilever (ICFDP) manufactured using different digital manufacturing techniques and to compare the screw preload before and after cyclic loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Mandibular jaw model with four intra-foraminal implants was scanned using digital scanner. Stereolithography file was used to design a framework with nonengaging (NE) abutments and 10 mm cantilever distal to one terminal implant. Five frameworks were constructed using combined digital-conventional techniques (CAD-cast), and five frameworks were constructed using three-dimensional printing (3DP). Additional CAD-cast framework was constructed in a way that ensures passive fit (PF) to use as control. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) measured the implant abutment connection misfit. Sixty screws were used on the corresponding frameworks. Screws were torqued and pre-cyclic loading reverse torque value (RTV) was recorded. Frameworks were subjected to 200,000 loading cycles with a loading point 9 mm from the center of terminal implants adjacent to the cantilever and post-cyclic loading RTVs were recorded. RESULTS. Microscopic readings showed significant differences between frameworks. PF demonstrated the lowest measurements of 16.04 (2.6) ㎛ while CAD-cast demonstrated the highest measurements of 29.2 (3.1) ㎛. In all groups, RTVs were significantly lower than the applied torque. Post-cyclic loading RTV was significantly lower than pre-cyclic loading RTV in PF and 3DP frameworks. Differences in RTVs between the three manufacturing techniques were insignificant. CONCLUSION. Although CAD-cast and three-dimensionally printed (3DP) both produce frameworks with clinically acceptable misfit, 3DP might not be the technique of choice for maintaining screw's preload stability under an aggressive loading situation.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2009

목적: 본 연구는 단초점렌즈와 VDT 증후군 개선을 위해 설계된 기능성렌즈를 착용하고 4시간 동안 VDT 작업 전과 후의 임상성능과 시각적인 문제에 대하여 설문조사를 비교 분석하자 한다. 방법: 20~45세의 남 여 30명을 대상으로 단초점렌즈와 기능성렌즈(ad Plus, HANDOK OPTEC Co.)를 각각 착용시킨 후 4시간 동안 VDT 작업 전과 후의 근거리 및 원거리시력, 등가구면굴절력의 변화, 조절근점, 폭주근점, AC/A ratio, 조절용이성 등을 검사하고, 시각적인 문제에 대한 자각증상을 설문조사하였다. 결과: 단초점렌즈와 비교하여 기능성렌즈를 착용했을 때 근거리시력, 조절근점, 폭주근점, 조절용이성이 유의하게 개선되었다. 4시간 동안 VDT 작업 후의 시각적 문제점에 대한 항목의 평균 점수는 단초점렌즈에서 3.63 ${\pm}$ 0.75이고, 기능성렌즈에서 4.69 ${\pm}$ 0.83으로 기능성렌즈가 유의하게 개선된 것으로 조사되었다. 결론: 기능성렌즈가 단초점렌즈보다 4시간 동안 VDT 작업 후의 조절기능 및 시각적 문제점 개선에 도움이 되는 우수한 렌즈로 생각된다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.283-291
• /
• 2006

The survival and growth of epithelial cells depends on adhesion to the extracellular matrix. An adhesion signal may regulate the initiation of differentiation, since epidermal keratinocytes differentiate as they leave the basement membrane. A metabolically dead cornified cell envelope is the end point of epidermal differentiation so that this process may be viewed as a specialized form of programmed cell death. In order to investigate the precise cellular signaling events loading to terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, we have utilized HaCaT cells to monitor the biological consequences of $Ca^{2+}$ stimulation and numerous downstream signaling pathways, including activation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase(ERK) pathway and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K). The results presented in this study show that $Ca^{2+}$ function as potent agents for the differentiation of HaCaT keratinocytes, and this differentiation depends or the activation of ERK, Protein kinase B(PKB) and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase(p70S6K). Finally, the results show that the expression of Activator protein 1(AP-1; c-Jun and c-Fos) increased following $Ca^{2+}$-mediated differentiation of HaCaT cells, suggesting that ERK-mediated AP-1 expression is critical for initiating the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.709-714
• /
• 2004

The wild-type repressor CI of temperate mycobacteriophage L1 and the temperature-sensitive (ts) repressor CIts391 of a mutant L1 phage, L1cIts391, have been separately overexpressed in E. coli. Both these repressors were observed to specifically bind with the same cognate operator DNA. The operator-binding activity of CIts391 was shown to differ significantly than that of the CI at 32 to $42^{\circ}C$. While 40-95% operator-binding activity was shown to be retained at 35 to $42^{\circ}C$ in CI, more than 75% operator-binding activity was lost in CIts391 at 35 to $38^{\circ}C$, although the latter showed only 10% less binding compared to that of the former at $32^{\circ}C$. The CIts391 showed almost no binding at $42^{\circ}C$. An in vivo study showed that the CI repressor inhibited the growth of a clear plaque former mutant of the L1 phage more strongly than that of the CIts391 repressor at both 32 and $42^{\circ}C$. The half-life of the CIts391-operator complex was found to be about 8 times less than that of the CI-operator complex at $32^{\circ}C$. Interestingly, the repressor-operator complexes preformed at $0^{\circ}C$ have shown varying degrees of resistance to dissociation at the temperatures which inhibit the formation of these complexes are inhibited. The CI repressor, but not that of CIts391, regains most of the DNA-binding activity on cooling to $32^{\circ}C$ after preincubation at 42 to $52^{\circ}C$. All these data suggest that the 131st proline residue at the C-terminal half of CI, which changed to leucine in the CIts391, plays a crucial role in binding the L1 repressor to the cognate operator DNA, although the helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif of the L1 repressor is located at its N-terminal end.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2002

폭약 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)스트레스 조건하에서 토양세균 Pseudomonas sp. HK-6의 세포반응에 대하여 조사하였다. 다양한 농도의 TNT에 노출됨으로서 약 70-kDa DnaK와 60-kDa GroEL의 스트레스 충격단백질 (stress shock proteins, SSPs)이 단떠질이 유도되었다. 이들 SSPs의 존재는 SDS-PAGE과 anti-DnaK와 anti-GroEL monoclonal antibodies를 이용한 Western bolt을 통하여 확인되었다. SSPs은 0.5 mM TNT로 6-12 시간 처리된 세포에서 나타났으며, TNT에 노출 후8시간대 에서 최대의 단백질 유도가 관찰되었다. $30^{\circ}C$에서 $42^{\circ}C$로 열변환충격을 주었을 때의 SSPs는 TNT노출에서와 유사한 유도양상을 보여주었다. TNT에 노출된 Pseudomonas sp. HK-6세포에서 유도된 SSPs의 존재는 배양된 세포의 수용성 단백질 분획에 대하여 2-D PAGE를 통하여 확인되었다. Coomassie brilliant blue R25O로 염색된 젤로부터 pH 3-10 범위에서 약 450 개의 spots이 탐침되었으며, 이들 가운데 12 개의 spots이 TNT 스트레스에 대하여 현저하게 유도되었다. Gel상에서 가장 짙게 나타난 대표적 인 spot에 대한 N-말단 아미노산 서열을 분석한 결과, $^1XXAKDVKFGDSARKKML^17$로서, Pseudomonas putida의 GroEL의 N-말단 아미노산 염기서열인 $^1XXAKDVKFGDSARKKML^17$과 동일한 것으로 분석되었다.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.111-129
• /
• 1985

The morphology and histology of the gastrointestinal mucosa of the mole, Talpa micrura coreana (Thomas), were studied using light and scanning electron microscopes. Tissue specimens were taken from body and pyloric portions of the stomach, and from the initial, proximal, middle, distal and terminal portions of the intestine. For light microscopy, tissue blocks were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin, embedded in paraffin wax, and sectioned at a thickness of $5{\mu}m$. These sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. For scanning electron microscopy, tissue blocks were fixed in 1% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde, and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in graded alcohol, transferred to isoamylacetate and dried by the critical point drier(Polaron E 3000). Subsequently, specimens were coated with gold and observed with a JSM-35C scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows: The mucous membrane of the body portion of the stomach had numerous irregular folds and the pyloric mucosa formed the strawberry-shaped folds, and general histological structures of each portion were similar to those of man. The intestine could not be differentiated macroscopically and microscopically into small and large intestines. There was no cecum, appendix, taenia coli, haustra coli or appendices epiploicae. In the initial portion (4 mm long), conical or tongue-shaped villi with the height of $143.3{\pm}10.7{\mu}m$ were present, and large mucous glands were seen in the submucosa. In the proximal, middle and distal portions, wavy folds composed of the epithelium and lamina propria were densely and transversely arranged, and their heights were $440.4{\pm}45.5{\mu}m,\;454.4{\pm}19.9{\mu}m\;and\;205.2{\pm}33.5{\mu}m$, respectively. The mucosa of the terminal portion (3 cm long) formed several longitudinal folds, and the intestinal glands were directly opened on the smooth surface of the folds. Aggregated lymphoid follicles were observed in the major portions of the intestine except the initial and terminal portions. There was no circular or semilunar fold throughout the intestine.