• MALSORI
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• v.55
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• pp.15-31
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• 2005

This study tests the hypothesis that the voiced-voiceless distinction is influenced by the relationship between acoustics and perception. Production and perception tests are conducted with temporal cues in different environments(CV, VCV, VC). The result showed that acoustic cues indicating significant difference between voiceless/voiced plosives do not behave just as do in perception. The result also showed that there existed an asymmetry between acoustics and perception.

• MALSORI
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• no.56
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• pp.49-73
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• 2005

This study explores the most important temporal cues in the perception of the voiced/voiceless distinction of English plosives in terms of newly defined measures of perception: original signal to response agreement, unit signal to response agreement, and robustness. Seven native speakers of English and three leveled groups of Korean English learners participated in the present study. The results showed that both native speakers of English and Korean groups failed to successfully perceive the voiced/voiceless distinction of English plosives, particularly alveolar plosives, in word-medial trochaic positions. The results also showed that in word-initial and word-medial iambic positions both native speakers of English and Korean groups employ the information in the release burst and aspiration in the perception of the voiced/voiceless distinction, of English plosives, and that in word-final positions native speakers of English employ the information in the preceding vowel, while Korean groups employ the information in the closure interval.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2005

This study investigates the asymmetry effect between acoustics and perception. The examined cues are closure duration, closure voicing, VOT, release, pre-vowel duration, post-vowel duration. Five native speakers of English and 30 Korean college students participated in the present study. The results showed that high level Korean English learners parallels native speakers in their responses, while mid and low level Korean learners are substantially different from natives.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.44-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of auditory cues in the form of a metronome on gait initiation (GI) in Parkinson's disease (PD). 2 patients (mean age: 54 yrs) with idiopathic PD participated in the study. All patients (Hoehn and Yahr disability score of 2.0) were tested in the "on" state approximately 1.5 hours following the administration and fully responding to their PD medications. Subjects first initiated walking at self-initiated speeds to determine their cadences. Then, subjects were asked to initiate gait along the walkway while keeping pace with a metronome. The metronome rate (in beats/min) was set at a cadence 85% (slow condition), 100% (normal condition) and 115% (fast condition) of gait for each subject. Subjects were able to increase the speed of GI with faster cadence, but the speed of GI for the slow condition was similar to that of the normal condition. Swing toe-off was 578.3 ms for the fast condition, 709.4 ms for the normal condition and 736.2 ms for the slow condition. Respective times for swing heel-strike were 894.3 ms, 1110.2 ms and 1119.1 ms, and stance toe-off were 1105.4 ms, 1338.5 ms, and 1343.1 ms. Except for stance unloading ground reaction forces were greatest for the fast condition and smallest for the slow condition. It appears that PD patients were able to modulate GRFs and temporal events in response to auditory cues to achieve the peak acceleration force of the swing and stance limb. The findings from this study provided preliminary data, which could be used to investigate how PD patients modulate GRFs and temporal events during GI in response to tasks.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.11a
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• pp.330-333
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• 1987

This paper is the study on the automatic discrimination of the Korean alveolar stops. In Korean, it is necessary to discriminate the asperate/tense plosive for the automatic speech recognition system because we, Korean, distinguish asperate/tense plosive allphones from tense and lax plosive. In order to detect acoustic cues for automatic recognition of the [ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ], we have experimented the discrimination of [ㄷ,ㄸ,ㅌ]. We used temporal cues like VOT and Silence Duration, etc., and energy cues like ratio of high frequency energy and low frequency energy as the acoustic parameters. The VCV speech data where V is the 8 Simple Vowels and C is the 3 alevolar stops, are used for experiments. The 192 speech data are experimented on and the recognition rate is resulted in about 82%-95%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if auditory cues velocity has a greater effect on the gait pattern of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) than the cues applied individually. METHODS: The subjects were 15 elderly patients diagnosed with PD, 15 healthy elderly persons. Patients were measured of three conditions performed in random order: slow, general, fast. The auditory cue velocity consisted of a metronome beat ${\pm}20%$ than the subject's general gait speed. Using a motion analysis and a force platform measurement system, changes in spatiotemporal variables, kinetic and kinematic variables were compared to gait analysis. RESULTS: Comparison between the auditory cues velocity, there was a significant difference in the spatiotemporal variables with regard to the cadence, stride length, support time, step length, double support time (p<.05). Comparison between the auditory cues velocity, there was a significant increase general and fast velocity gait than slow velocity gait in the maximum flexion in swing phase of knee joint (p<.05). There appears to be the aspect of an increasing ground reaction force (GRF) on the first peak in the vertical axis (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Auditory cues velocity improved of spatio-temporal factors, kinematic and kinetic factors depending on the velocity of the faster. Therefore at the rehabilitation training of PD patients auditory cues velocity would be used for recovery and gait reeducation, may arise through the patients functional ability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.1 s.190
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• pp.101-109
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• 2007

In situations of spatio-temporal perception about visuo-auditory stimulus, researches propose optimal integration hypothesis that perceptual process is optimized to the interaction of the senses for the precision of perception. So, when the visual information considered generally dominant over any other sense is ambiguous, the information of the other sense like auditory stimulus influences the perceptual process in interaction with visual information. Thus, we performed two different experiments to certain the conditions of the interacting senses and influence of the condition. We consider the interaction of the visuo-auditory stimulation in the free space, the color of visual stimulus and sex difference of testee with normal people. In first experiment, 12 participants were asked to judge the change in the frequency of audio-visual stimulation using a visual flicker and auditory flutter stimulation in the free space. When auditory temporal cues were presented, the change in the frequency of the visual stimulation was associated with a perceived change in the frequency of the auditory stimulation as the results of the previous studies using headphone. In second experiment, 30 male and 30 female were asked to judge the change in the frequency of audio-visual stimulation using a color of visual flicker and auditory flutter stimulation. In the color condition using red and green. Both male and female testees showed same perceptual tendency. male and female testees showed same perceptual tendency however, in case of female, the standard deviation is larger than that of male. This results implies that audio-visual asymmetry effects are influenced by the cues of visual and auditory information, such as the orientation between auditory and visual stimulus, the color of visual stimulus.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.142-151
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• 2015

This paper proposes a method for detection of objects temporally stop moving in video sequences taken by a moving camera. Even though the consequence of missed detection of those objects could be catastrophic in terms of application level requirements, not much attention has been paid in conventional approaches. In the proposed method, we introduce cues for consistent detection and tracking of objects: motion potential, position potential, and color distribution similarity. Integration of the three cues in the graph-cut algorithm makes possible to detect objects that temporally stop moving and are newly appearing. Experiment results prove that the proposed method can not only detect moving objects but also track objects stop moving.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.115-124
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• 2010

The current study investigated the role of acoustic correlates of domain-initial strengthening in lexical segmentation of a non-native language. In a series of cross-modal identity-priming experiments, native Korean listeners heard English auditory stimuli and made lexical decision to visual targets (i.e., written words). The auditory stimuli contained critical two word sequences which created temporal lexical ambiguity (e.g., 'mill#company', with the competitor 'milk'). There was either an IP boundary or a word boundary between the two words in the critical sequences. The initial CV of the second word (e.g., [$k_{\Lambda}$] in 'company') was spliced from another token of the sequence in IP- or Wd-initial positions. The prime words were postboundary words (e.g., company) in Experiment 1, and preboundary words (e.g., mill) in Experiment 2. In both experiments, Korean listeners showed priming effects only in IP contexts, indicating that they can make use of IP boundary cues of English in lexical segmentation of English. The acoustic correlates of domain-initial strengthening were also exploited by Korean listeners, but significant effects were found only for the segmentation of postboundary words. The results therefore indicate that L2 listeners can make use of prosodically driven phonetic detail in lexical segmentation of L2, as long as the direction of those cues are similar in their L1 and L2. The exact use of the cues by Korean listeners was, however, different from that found with native English listeners in Cho, McQueen, and Cox (2007). The differential use of the prosodically driven phonetic cues by the native and non-native listeners are thus discussed.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.460-472
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• 2015

Most of previous visual attention system finds attention regions based on saliency map which is combined by multiple extracted features. The differences of these systems are in the methods of feature extraction and combination. This paper presents a new system which has an improvement in feature extraction method of color and motion, and in weight decision method of spatial and temporal features. Our system dynamically extracts one color which has the strongest response among two opponent colors, and detects the moving objects not moving pixels. As a combination method of spatial and temporal feature, the proposed system sets the weight dynamically by each features' relative activities. Comparative results show that our suggested feature extraction and integration method improved the detection rate of attention region.