• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.400-406
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• 2019

This study will explore the reenactment of visual special effects used in TV dramas. The subjects of the study are images that are reproduced in visual special effects through and . Accordingly, we looked at the changes in the way TV dramas were produced according to the times, and looked at the changes in the market. Also, we looked at cases of visual special effects of Korean dramas, and looked at expressions according to the degree of completion of visual special effects. For the purpose of the analysis of the research targets, the images of reproducibility and the flow through reality were analyzed. In the case of , the period setting is realistic, but visual special effects were used to maximize the actor's safety and expression, and in the case of , the visual effects were used to maximize the aesthetic of the period background. In addition, it can be seen that the visual special effects were used for the effect of PPL on the export of images. This shows that the emphasis of reality and image montage techniques are being used to pursue hyperrealism. It is now possible to actively express and use the beauty of TV dramas rather than technical limitations. In addition, the pursuit of realism can actively express the changing times of digital age. This is an active representation of the camera's angle, lighting, and perspective that coincides with the background. The environment of video production is crucial for realistic expressions. The study examined various visual directions and applications. In TV images, we looked at reproduction, which can make a natural period of time by combining. As a follow-up study, we are going to study the changes in the new quadratic image based on the present image representation.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.454-476
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• 2010

In this paper is two-step trade model introduced. It is assumed that countries have 3 basic factors- capital(K), land (Z)and population(N)-as national factor endowments. As the first step, education 'produces' 'educated labor(EL)' which embodies new knowledge or new technology by using the population and capital as inputs. As the second step, manufacturing goods is produced with EL and uneducated labor(UL), and agriculture goods with land and UL. According to this model, the higher the increase rate of capital in a country is, the lower the usage rate of land is, the lower the increase rate of discount is, the country tends to export the manufacturing goods and import the agriculture goods. Trade widens the discrepancy of increase rate of EL in both countries but reduces the gap of increase rate of relative wage of EL as far as the gap of usage rate is not so big. Trade also affect real income rather than nominal income. This model can be extended to explain the migration from rural areas to urban areas when the manufacturing sector and education organization exist in urban area while the agricultural sector exist in rural area.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.37-71
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• 2019

How has the passenger car's architecture evolved? In the meantime, the discussions on the car architecture have been mixed, i.e., integral, modular, and the coexistence of two types. Therefore, in this study, we aim to develop two indices can measure the degree of modularization of passenger car and its all modules using global trade data. By applying the indices to the framework of architecture positioning that reflects the hierarchical structure of a product, we examined that the degree of modularization of the passenger car architecture has been enhanced. Meanwhile, the degree of modularization differs across the modules that make up the car. Specifically, we observed the higher degree of modularization in front-end, cockpit and seat modules. Whereas, we found that body module had a relatively low degree of modularization. In particular, we observed that the platform of passenger car has notably modularized due to carmakers' efforts to achieve model diversification and reduction of cost and period in new product development at the same time. Interestingly, we showed that three modules, i.e., engine, chassis (relatively less modularized), and transmission (relatively highly modularized), had a different level of modularization, even if they commonly make up the platform. We contribute to the suggestion for analytical approaches that examine the degree of modularization and its progress longitudinally. In addition, we propose the necessity of decomposition of a system into elements in a study of product architecture, considering the possibly distinctive progress of modularization across the elements.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.88-99
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• 2019

The objectives of this study is to Systematic literature review of internationalization of SMEs. Due to the economic characteristics of Korea, which depends on economic growth by exports, internationalization has become an essential management activity, not an option for SMEs. As a result, more than 400 studies related to the overseas expansion and internationalization of SMEs have been published in the past 20 years, focusing on major academic journals (such as KCI). Accordingly, the research trends used as advance research in internationalization research were analyzed of SMEs. Research targets were defined as the internationalization of SMEs and searched through 'RISS' (Research Information Sharing Service) as 'internationalization', 'global ', 'export', 'overseas expansion' and 'theory'. The analysis was carried out using a Systematic literature review. It was selected as the 76 studies and According to international research subjects and characteristics, the four areas of internationalization motive, process, outcomes, and support were analyzed. The results of the study confirmed that the most active research is focused on internationalization outcomes. This study could provide a support and the parties concerned in the ecosystem of SMEs in Korea with implications for the SMEs overseas market.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.303-315
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• 2022

This study compared and analyzed Japan and China, two major competitors to Korea, in the male cosmetics market, which has been shifted dramatically by the outbreak of COVID-19, with implications for the ASEAN market in mind. Questionnaire copies collected from 300 men in Generation MZ living in Korea, China, and Japan were used for analysis, and SPSS 21.0 was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the collected questionnaires. The following are this study's results: First, this study identified their purchase behaviors. The average amount of money the male respondents spent on buying cosmetics was below KRW 30,000 in Korea, China, and Japan. Functionality and texture ranked as top factors contributing to cosmetics purchases in all the three countries. Second, with regard to brands preferred by the respondents, Korea and China were open to foreign brands, while Japan mostly preferred its domestic brands. Functionality and texture ranked as top factors contributing to cosmetics purchase in all the three countries. Second, with regard to brands preferred by the respondents, Korea and China were open to foreign brands, while Japan mostly preferred its domestic brands. Third, this study found changes in the use of cosmetics since the outbreak of COVID-19. The respondents' biggest skin concern since COVID-19 was acne in Korea and Japan and increased sebum excretion in China. Concerns about sebum were commonly ranked high across the three countries. Based on these results, this study is suggested as a reference to improve the export competitiveness of Korean male cosmetics in the ASEAN market.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.221-228
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• 2022

Major egg white proteins and their hydrolysates serve as functional food ingredients that have certain metal-chelating properties. Employing egg white proteins and their hydrolysates to scavenge dietary oxalates is anticipated to have beneficial effect in the prevention of kidney stones. The objective of this study was to determine the biogenic oxalate-chelating activity of ovalbumin, ovomucin, and ovotransferrin and their hydrolysates. To prepare oxalate extracts, 30 mL of 0.25 N HCl was added to separately to 0.5 g of dried spinach and starfruit powders followed by boiling for 15 min, and after cooling, the addition of a further 20 mL of 0.25 N HCl. Having prepared these extracts, ovalbumin, ovomucin, and ovotransferrin and their hydrolysates were separately mixed with oxalate extracts and incubated at 3℃ for 24 h. Following centrifugation, supernatants were analyzed by HPLC using a reverse-phase C18 column coupled with a diode array detector. We found that all assessed proteins and their hydrolysates showed biogenic oxalate-chelating activity against the oxalates of spinach. In contrast, however, only ovalbumin, ovalbumin-hydrolysate, and ovomucin showed chelating activity (57.10%±8.84%, 85.44%±5.30%, 73.20%±4.13%, respectively) against the oxalates of starfruit (P<0.05). Overall, hydrolyzed ovalbumin was identified as the most effective chelator of the oxalates both spinach and starfruit. In this study, we thus established that the assessed egg white proteins and their hydrolysates have oxalate-chelating activity in vitro, thereby indicating that these compounds have potential utility as nutraceuticals for the chelation of dietary oxalate. However, further research will be necessary to verify their oxalate-chelating activities against different fruits and vegetables and under specific in vivo conditions and against purified oxalate.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.5-29
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• 2018

Models of South-North Korean economic integration have the problem of circular reasoning. While many studies argue that South-North Korean economic integration would contribute to alleviate security risks in the Korean peninsular, they emphasize the success of any economic model of inter-Korean economic integration is subject to favorable geo-political and security environment. It is a failure in distinguishing between goals and constraints. After identifying three major goals of South-North Korean economic cooperation, this study shows the trilemma among the goals; they are 1) formation of a complete economic community, 2) maintaining independent sovereignty of the two Koreas, 3) promotion of mutual economic interests. The trilemma suggests that it is theoretically impossible to achieve the above three goals at the same time. Only two goals are achievable simultaneously. This study argues that the most practical option is to pursue the combination of goals 2) and 3) considering the complex political and security environment around the Korean peninsular. Recognizing that North Korea is the least developed country in the Northeast Asia region, South Korea's initiatives for inter-Korean economic cooperation should focus on assisting industrialization and integration of the North Korea economy into the Northeast Asian regional production sharing structure. In view of the 'flying geese model' of the sequential industrialization in the region, the least developed economic status of North Korea can partially be explained by its failure to participate in the production network in the region as well as lack of effective implementation of appropriate industrial policy. Therefore, promotion of industrialization of North Korea should be the immediate goal of economic cooperation between North and South Korea. It is an interesting fact that North Korea has rapidly expanded its apparel exports in recent years. It could mean that the North Korean economy is actively responding to the dynamics of international comparative advantage structure, although the production activities are limited to exports to China since the closure of the Gaesung Industrial Complex. The recent increase in apparel export is a starting point for incorporating the Easy Import Substitution fulfilling both domestic and neighboring regional demand of North Korea. It could help integrate North Korea's industry into the production network of Northeast Asia. An immediate policy implication is that the economic cooperation between the two Koreas should focus on facilitating this process and supporting North Korea's industrial policy through South Korea's contribution of capital, technology, and service intermediary inputs.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.961-969
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• 2017

Today, the world is experiencing a variety of natural disasters due to the extreme weather. Drought that occurred throughout Southeast Asia from February to May 2016 is also a form of abnormal climate. As a result of this drought, five countries, including Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar, faced food shortages, food shortages, as well as rice yields for export. In this study, remote sensing technique was applied to the vicinity of Tonlé Sap, the largest lake in Southeast Asia, to quantitatively analyze the damage caused by drought. As a result, the change of land cover caused a drastic decrease in the water system (132.582㎢) and greenery (706.937㎢) in February 2016, and the reduced water system and greenery changed to dry land and paddy field. It was also found that the temperature rise of 6℃ ~ 8 ℃ compared to the previous year due to the drought from February to April 2016 due to the change of the surface temperature. And it was found that the function of the lake was deteriorated in April due to continuous drought.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.69-91
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• 2017

Since the global financial crisis, major countries have been executing policies related to two top-priority goals to create more jobs: revitalization of entrepreneur activity and the cultivation of small and medium-sized companies. In South Korea, the interest of policy makers is increasingly focusing on the role of SMEs that have a technological competitive edge in the realization of a "job-centered creative economy." Due to the nature of the field, the health and medical industry requires a particularly long time until the achievement of industrialization, Also, because of the complex distribution structure, it is essential for related government ministries and institutions to jointly devise strategies. A lack of policy supports for the industry has thus far resulted in its development being relegated for the most part of small and medium-sized companies, which consequently means low global competitiveness. Now is the time for the South Korean government to provide the revolutionary supported options and strategies. This study aims to propose a general policy direction and policy areas for the cultivation of Korea's small and medium-sized companies in the healthcare industry into global small giant companies through an exploration of the German case. It is crucial to first cultivate the international competitiveness of Korean small and medium-sized companies (as in the case of Germany) so that they can grow into global small giant companies. Another important task is the creation of an environment that expedites the qualitative growth of promising SMEs as well as technological development. After securing competitiveness in terms of both product quality and technology in the global health market, substantive policy supports will be necessary to cultivate global small giant companies that are export-based (e.g. job creation effect, sales value added).

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.355-364
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Pre-harvest interval and decline pattern of thiamethoxam were determined in kiwifruit using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). The study was carried out to propose import tolerance using OECD maximum residue limit (MRL) calculator for the export promotion of kiwifruit to Taiwan. METHODS AND RESULTS: The thiamethoxam residue in kiwifruit was determined by using the LC-TriQ-MS/MS with the analytical process to set up the import tolerance under greenhouse conditions for Taiwan. Excellent linearity was observed for all of the analytes with a determination coefficient (R²)≥0.99. The limit of quantification was determined to be 0.01 mg/kg for both thiamethoxam and clothianidin in kiwifruit. Linearity was determined from the co-efficient of determinants (R²) obtained from the seven-point calibration curve. The standard calibration curve showed as follows; 1) Site 1 (Gimje): y = 944,406X + 1,583 (R²=0.9995), 2) Site 2 (Goheung): y = 1,356,205X + 934 (R²=0.9983), and 3) Site 3 (Jangheung): y = 1,239,937X - 3,090 (R²=0.9908). The residue of thiamethoxam in the kiwifruit for three decline trials showed the range of 0.35 to 0.56 mg/kg in site 1 (Gimje), 0.24 to 0.55 mg/kg in site 2 (Goheung), and 0.28 to 0.42 mg/kg in site 3 (Jangheung), respectively. However, clothianidin was not detected in all of the treatments. The maximum residual amounts (decline) in the samples, sprayed according to the safe-use standard for thiamethoxam 10% WG in kiwifruit (30 days before harvest, 3 sprays every 7 days) were 0.56 mg/kg in site 1, 0.55 mg/kg in site 2, and 0.42 mg/kg in site 3, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): The import tolerance (IT) of thiamethoxam for kiwifruit may be proposed to be 0.9 mg/kg by using the OECD MRL calculator.