• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.489-494
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• 2006

The strain distribution in the vicinity of a hole in a tensile strip was measured using an image correlation method. The objective of this study is to evaluate the capability of predicting the strain component response using a constitutive model that was developed for use with paper materials. The need for a special constitutive model for paper derives from the characteristics of pronounced anisotropy and the fact that the material behaves differently under compressive loading than it does under tensile loading. The results of the simulation showed that predictions of strain distribution around the hole were in agreement with the experimental result trends, however, the agreement deteriorated as the edge of the hole was reached. It was observed that there is extensive inelastic strain that takes place around the hole prior to failure of the tensile strip. The simulation results showed that any difference between tensile and compressive behavior that may exist for paper material does not have any significant effect for the problem of this study because the level of compressive stress is quite low in comparison with compressive failure values.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.274-282
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• 2009

To investigate the evolution of deformation texture in dual phase (DP) steels during deep-drawing deformation, deep-drawing experiments were performed. Microtexture measurements were conducted using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) to analyze texture evolution. A rate-sensitive polycrystal model was used to predict texture evolution during deep-drawing deformation. In order to evaluate the strain path during deep-drawing deformation, a steady state was assumed in the flange part of a deep-drawn cup. A ratesensitive polycrystal model successfully predicted the texture evolution in DP steels during deep-drawing deformation. The final stable orientations were found to be strongly dependent on the initial location in the blank. Texture analysis revealed that the deep drawability of DP steels decreases as the true strain in the radial direction of the deep-drawn cup increases during deep-drawing deformation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.94-107
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• 2024

This study developed compression pants with excellent wearability and signal quality by approaching the design of wireless sEMG monitoring pants from the perspective of technical design, including the evaluation of wearability and the stable wireless transmission of signals through electrode and circuit design, and using e-textiles. An electrode, sewn with silver thread and a circuit stitched in a zigzag pattern using stainless steel wire, were applied. Additionally, polyurethane sealing tape was used to enhance adherence to the skin and reduce electrical resistance. Conductive snaps completed the design, allowing attachment and detachment to the bio-signal acquisition mainboard. Through the subjects' evaluation, it was determined that the final pants were applied with a pattern reduction rate of 25% to provide superior comfort according to different body parts while also minimizing skin irritation around the thigh circuit. The final pants for wireless sEMG monitoring, which demonstrated stable transmission of wireless measurements, was positively evaluated in terms of cognitive acceptability. This study is significant in that it achieved an optimal design by considering both technical aspects and the electrical characteristics of bio-signal monitoring garments, as well as the wearer's perception when designing smart wear.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2022

Background: The current study reports measurements of activity concentrations of radon (²²⁰Rn) and thoron (²²⁰Rn) in dwellings, followed by inhalation dose assessment of the public, and then by the development of regulation and the national radon action plan (NRAP) in Cameroon. Materials and Methods: Radon, thoron, and thoron progeny measurements were carried out from 2014 to 2017 using radon-thoron discriminative detectors (commercially RADUET) in 450 dwellings and thoron progeny monitors in 350 dwellings. From 2019 to 2020, radon track detectors (commercially RADTRAK) were deployed in 1,400 dwellings. It was found that activity concentrations of radon range in 1,850 houses from 10 to 2,620 Bq/㎥ with a geometric mean of 76 Bq/㎥. Results and Discussion: Activity concentrations of thoron range from 20 to 700 Bq/㎥ with a geometric mean of 107 Bq/㎥. Thoron equilibrium factor ranges from 0.01 to 0.6, with an arithmetic mean of 0.09 that is higher than the default value of 0.02 given by UNSCEAR. On average, 49%, 9%, and 2% of all surveyed houses have radon concentrations above 100, 200, and 300 Bq/㎥, respectively. The average contribution of thoron to the inhalation dose due to radon and thoron exposure is about 40%. Thus, thoron cannot be neglected in dose assessment to avoid biased results in radio-epidemiological studies. Only radon was considered in the drafted regulation and in the NRAP adopted in October 2020. Reference levels of 300 Bq/㎥ and 1,000 Bq/㎥ were recommended for dwellings and workplaces. Conclusion: Priority actions for the coming years include the following: radon risk mapping, promotion of a protection policy against radon in buildings, integration of the radon prevention and mitigation into the training of construction specialists, mitigation of dwellings and workplaces with high radon levels, increased public awareness of the health risks associated with radon, and development of programs on the scientific and technical aspects.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.549-557
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• 2003

표면파 탐사는 탄성파를 이용한 여러 가지 다른 탐사 방법과 비교하여 독특한 장점들을 가지고 있다. 그러나 이 방법은 최근에 개발되기 시작하여 아직 연구 결과가 많이 축적되지 않은 분야이다. 이 연구에서는 지반 공학적 성질이 서로 다를 것으로 예상되는 여러 지역에서 표면파 탐사자료를 획득하여 그 분산곡선의 특징을 찾아보았다. 또한 분산곡선을 역산하여 S파 속도구조를 구하여 이를 시추조사 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과 퇴적물상이나 암석상의 변화가 S파속도의 급격한 변화와 관련되어 있음을 확인하였다. 이것은 표면파 탐사법을 이용하여 퇴적물이나 암석의 물리적 성질이 급격하게 변화하는 경계면을 구별할 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2016

The inter-comparison project for seawater salinity measurements, in which 25 laboratories from 16 countries took part, was conducted by JCOMM (Joint WMO/IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology) for the first time in 2014. Two seawater samples of different salinity values ranging from 30-35 and 20-25 for Sample A and Sample B respectively and which had sufficient homogeneity and stability were distributed to all participants. Participants measured the salinity in their own laboratories at least 3 times and reported the results. Statistical treatments were applied to the results to assess discrepancies among laboratories. 20 out of the 25 laboratories used laboratory salinometers and statistics for this group were denoted as belonging to group ${\alpha}$; while 5 out of the 25 laboratories used hand-held measuring instruments and statistics for this group were denoted as belonging to group ${\beta}$. Bias described as discrepancy among laboratories in group ${\alpha}$ was within ${\pm}0.001$ and expanded uncertainty (k = 2) was in the vicinity of 0.002. The bias and the uncertainty of Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), in group ${\alpha}$, were 0.000 and 0.002, respectively. The biases of group ${\beta}$ were greater than group ${\alpha}$ because of constraints related to instrument accuracy. Biases from 3 laboratories in group ${\beta}$ exceed the accuracy specification of the corresponding instruments. Considering that the uncertainty of Standard Seawater (SSW) is of the order 0.001 to 0.002, the inter-comparison results show that 16 laboratories among the 25 laboratories made high quality measurements, largely indistinguishable from one another.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2002

GPS를 항공기의 항법 장치로 사용하게 되면 기술적, 경제적인 면에서 많은 이익을 얻을 수 있다. 그런데 항공기는 어떤 시스템보다도 안전이 중요한 시스템이므로 개발된 항법 장치를 사용하기에 앞서 항법해의 신뢰성을 확보하는 것이 우선되어야 한다. 그에 따라 본 논문에서는 항공기 착륙 시에 사용하게 될 DGPS를 이용해서 측정치의 고장을 검출하고 고장이 검출된 측정치를 제거하는 시스템을 구현하고자 하였다. 또한 구현된 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해 여러 가지 상황에 대해서 실제 데이터를 사용하여 실험을 실시하였고, 그 결과 일부 구간을 제외하고는 고장의 검출 및 제거가 잘 이루어지는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 하지만 좀 더 완벽한 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해서는 측정치의 오차에 대한 분석, 다른 장치들과의 통합을 통한 가용성 확보 등에 대한 연구가 앞으로 많이 이루어져야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.774-781
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• 2014

레이더에서 측정값은 직교 좌표계가 아니라 극 좌표계에서 얻어진다. 표적 동력학을 직교 좌표계에서 모델링하면 극 좌표계에서 획득된 측정값을 직교 좌표계로 변환한 의사 측정치를 사용하거나 확장형 칼만 필터를 사용하여 표적 추적 필터를 구현한다. 만일 표적 동력학을 극 좌표계에서 모델링하면 측정 방정식은 선형이나 동력학 방정식이 비선형이 된다. 본 논문에서는 극 좌표계에서 동력학 방정식을 모델링하고, 시스템 행렬을 시불변 형태로 모델링하여 발생한 비선형 성분을 시스템 입력으로 처리한 추적 필터를 제안한다. 이러한 추적 필터는 거리 측정값과 동시에 도플러 측정값이 가용할 경우, 측정방정식의 선형성을 그대로 유지하게 되므로 추적 필터의 알고리듬에 변동이 없고 추가된 도플러 정보를 사용하여 추적 성능을 높일 수 있다. 또한, 기존에 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 추적 필터와 제안한 모델링을 사용한 추적 필터의 추적 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통하여 검증한다.

• 대기
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.689-698
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• 2019

Air pollution in urban areas has become a serious problem in the recent years. Especially, high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) cause negative effects on human health. Several studies suggest urban forest as a tool for improving air quality because of the capability of forests in reducing PM concentrations through deposition and adsorption using leaf area. For this reason, the National Institute of Forest Science plans to install in-situ observation stations for PM and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) on a national scale to verify the net effect of forests on urban air pollution. To measure the quantitative change of PM concentrations due to the urban forest, stations should be located within and outside the forest area with respect to atmospheric circulation. In this study, we analyze the wind direction at the potential measurement sites to assess suitable locations for detecting the effect of urban forests on air quality in five cities (i.e. Gwangju, Daegu, Busan, Incheon, and Ilsan). This technical note suggests effective locations of in-situ measurements by considering main wind direction in the five cities of this study. A measurement station network created in the future based on the selected locations will allow quantitative measurements of PM concentration and BVOCs emitted from the urban forest and help provide a comprehensive understanding of the forest capabilities of reducing air pollution.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2018

As one of the most important engineering structures, arch dams are huge constructions built with human hands and have strategical importance. Because of the fact that long construction duration, water supply, financial reasons, major loss of life and material since failure etc., the design of arch dams is very important problem and should be done by expert engineers to determine the structural behavior more accurately. Finite element analyses and non-destructive experimental measurements can be used to investigate the structural response, but there are some difficulties such as spending a long time while modelling, analysis and in-situ testing. Therefore, it is more useful to conduct the research on the laboratory conditions and to transform the obtained results into real constructions. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to determine the structural behavior of arch dams considering experimentally validated prototype laboratory model using similitude and scaling laws. Type-1 arch dam, which is one of five arch dam types suggested at the "Arch Dams" Symposium in England in 1968 is selected as reference prototype model. The dam is built considering dam-reservoir-foundation interaction and ambient vibration tests are performed to validate the finite element results such as dynamic characteristics, displacements, principal stresses and strains. These results are considered as reference parameters and used to determine the real arch dam response with different scales factors such as 335, 400, 416.67 and 450. These values are selected by considering previously examined dam projects. Arch heights are calculated as 201 m, 240 m, 250 m and 270 m, respectively. The structural response is investigated between the model and prototype by using similarity requirements, field equations, scaling laws etc. To validate these results, finite element models are enlarged in the same scales and analyses are repeated to obtain the dynamic characteristics, displacements, principal stresses and strains. At the end of the study, it is seen that there is a good agreement between all results obtained by similarity requirements with scaling laws and enlarged finite element models.