• Bioinformatics and Biosystems
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.99-102
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• 2006

The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) is one of the most established software in bioinformatics research and it compares a query sequence against the libraries of known sequences in order to investigate sequence similarity. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) are single-pass sequence reads from mRNA (or cDNA) and represent the expression for a given cDNA library and the snapshot of genes expressed in a given tissue and/or at a given developmental stage. Therefore, ESTs can be very valuable information for functional genomics and bioinformatics researches. Although major bio database (DB) websites including NCBI are providing BLAST services and EST data, local DB and search system is demanding for better performance and security issue. Here we present animal EST DBs and local BLAST search system. The animal ESTs DB in NCBI Genbank were divided by animal species using the Perl script we developed. and we also built the new extended DB search systems fur the new data (Local Animal BLAST Search System: http://bioinfo.kohost.net), which was constructed on the high-capacity PC Cluster system fur the best performance. The new local DB contains 650,046 sequences for Bos taurus(cattle), 368,120 sequences for Sus scrofa (pig), 693,005 sequences for Gallus gallus (fowl), respectively.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.757-764
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• 2007

Marbling of cattle meat is dependent on the coordinated expression of multiple genes. Cattle dramatically increase their intramuscular fat content in the longissimus dorsi muscle between 12 and 27 months of age. We used the annealing control primer (ACP)-differential display RT-PCR method to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that may participate in the development of intramuscular fat between early (12 months old) and late fattening stages (27 months old). Using 20 arbitrary ACP primers, we identified and sequenced 14 DEGs. BLAST searches revealed that expression of the MDH, PI4-K, ferritin, ICER, NID-2, WDNMI, telethonin, filamin, and desmin (DES) genes increased while that of GAPD, COP VII, ACTA1, CamK II, and nebulin decreased during the late fattening stage. The results of functional categorization using the Gene Ontology database for 14 known genes indicated that MDH, GAPD, and COP VII are involved in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and the TCA cycle, whereas telethonin, filamin, nebulin, desmin, and ACTA1 contribute to the muscle contractile apparatus, and PI4-K, CamK II, and ICER have roles in signal transduction pathways regulated by growth factor or hormones. The final three genes, NID-2, WDNMI, and ferritin, are involved in iron transport and extracellular protein inhibition. The expression patterns were confirmed for seven genes (MDH, PI4-K, ferritin, ICER, nebulin, WDNMI, and telethonin) using real-time PCR. We found that the novel transcription repressor ICER gene was highly expressed in the late fattening stage and during bovine preadipocyte differentiation. This information may be helpful in selecting candidate genes that participate in intramuscular fat development in cattle.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.347-350
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• 2011

Biofilms are surface-attached microbial communities with phenotypic and biochemical properties distinct from free-living planktonic cells. Biofilm bacteria show much greater resistance than planktonic counterparts and much higher concentration of biocide is needed to treat biofilms compared to the dosage used for planktonic bacteria. As a result, alternative strategies or more effective agents exhibiting activity against biofilm-producing micro-organisms are of great interest. Therefore, we turned our attention to control of biofilm of S. aureus. The aims of this research are to investigate substances which inhibit the formation of biofilm by S. aureus and to suggest effective materials for controlling skin problems. We coated slide glasses with human placental collagen and the coverslip was incubated with test materials and bacteria. The coverslip was stained with crystal violet and we measured optical density of each sample. The biofilm inhibitory activity was calculated by crystal violet staining degrees. In this study, S. aureus ATCC 6538 was used as test organism. Our results show that both water soluble and insoluble Hinoki cypress polysaccharide strongly inhibited biofilm formation. Whereas, green tea and sunset hibiscus root extract promoted biofilm. Xylitol showed a concentration dependent effect; high concentration (3 % and 5 %) of xylitol reduced biofilm while promoted biofilm formation at a concentration of 1 %. These results support that Hinoki cypress polysaccharide and xylitol have ability to suppress biofilm formation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.359-365
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• 2013

There are more than 10 ships and jetfoil passenger ships with speeds of 30~40 kts navigating between Japan and Busan ports per hour. Busan port has the highest density of traffic among the Korean ports and waterways. Jetfoil ships are the most frequently encountered amongst other vessels and about 18 % of passing jetfoil vessels violated port regulations. Based on the analysis of traffic survey carried out for 10 days, jetfoil vessels often overtook other vessels in route and deviated with high speed. This paper verified a proper speed and how to navigate in or out route of jetfoil ships by marine traffic flow simulation. A acceptable navigation speed for jetfoil vessel's mariner was calculated at less than about 32kts in Busan Port. It is a little different that shiphandling difficulty of jetfoil was almost the same whether passing in and out route in Busan Port. This paper proposes that the passing time of jetfoil ships should avoid the peak time to improve the traffic safety in Busan Port.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.295-299
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• 2009

Adoxophyes spp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) are economically important pests of fruit trees in Asia and Europe. The geographical distribution of three Adoxophyes species, A. orana, A. honmai and A. paraorana, in Korea was surveyed using species-specific sex pheromone traps for males in 2006 and 2007. The distribution of A. orana was restricted in the midwestern area, while A. honmai was found mainly in the southern area. In contrast to these two species, A. paraorana was widely distributed. Moreover, A. paraorana coexisted with A. orana in the midwestern area, and with A. honmai in the southern area. The seasonal fluctuation of male catches was monitored with pheromone traps in 2008. In the central regions, males of A. orana and A. paraorana were captured from May to September, with peak numbers in late May, middle July, and late August. A. honmai males were trapped from late April to late September, with peak catches in middle May, late June, early August, and early September in Naju.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.70-80
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• 2014

Duplex stainless steels with nearly equal fraction of the ferrite(${\alpha}$) phase and austenite(${\gamma}$) phase have been increasingly used for various applications such as power plants, desalination facilities due to their high resistance to corrosion, good weldability, and excellent mechanical properties. Hyper duplex stainless steel (HDSS) is defined as the future duplex stainless steel with a pitting resistance equivalent (PRE=wt.%Cr+3.3(wt.%Mo+0.5wt.%W)+30wt.%N) of above 50. However, when HDSS is welded with gas tungsten arc (GTA), incorporation of nitrogen in the Ar shielding gas are very important because the volume fraction of ${\alpha}$-phase and ${\gamma}$-phase is changed and harmful secondary phases can be formed in the welded zone. In other words, the balance of corrosion resistance between two phases and reduction of $Cr_2N$ are the key points of this study. The primary results of this study are as follows. The addition of $N_2$ to the Ar shielding gas provides phase balance under weld-cooling conditions and increases the transformation temperature of the ${\alpha}$-phase to ${\gamma}$-phase, increasing the fraction of ${\gamma}$-phase as well as decreasing the precipitation of $Cr_2N$. In the anodic polarization test, the addition of nitrogen gas in the Ar shielding gas improved values of the electrochemical parameters, compared to the Pure Ar. Also, in the erosion-corrosion test, the HDSS welded with shielding gas containing $N_2$ decreased the weight loss, compared to HDSS welded with the Ar pure gas. This result showed the resistance of erosion-corrosion was increased due to increasing the fraction of ${\gamma}$-phase and the stability of passive film according to the addition $N_2$ gas to the Ar shielding gas. As a result, the addition of nitrogen gas to the shielding gas improved the resistance of erosion-corrosion.

• ALGAE
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.355-366
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• 2014

Fucoxanthin is known to be an effective cell proliferation inhibitor with anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activities. However, there is a lack of data regarding the biological effects of cis isomers of fucoxanthin. To assess the potential therapeutic properties of 9'-cis-(6'R) fucoxanthin (FcA), and 13-cis and 13'-cis-(6'R) fucoxanthin complex (FcB) isolated from Sarggassum siliquastrum, we investigated their inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cells. FcA and FcB reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein and mRNA levels, as well as the migration of these cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, FcA and FcB increased levels of MMPs inhibition factors such as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. FcA and FcB significantly inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) and by inhibiting c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Our results demonstrate that suppression of the NF-${\kappa}B$, JNK, and p38 signaling pathways may inhibit PMA-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Therefore, FcA and FcB may be useful in noninvasive therapeutic strategies against fibrosarcoma metastasis.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 2015

A commercially available copper mesh was investigated as an iodine off-gas capturing medium for pyroprocessing, with an aim to replace costly silver based adsorbents. Theoretical calculation results suggested that the reaction between metallic copper and gaseous iodine will occur spontaneously to produce copper iodide in the temperature range of 100 ~ 500℃. The effect of the reaction temperature on iodine capturing efficiency was investigated by experimentation, and it was found that 5 and 6 wt% of iodine (initial mass 2.0 g) was captured by a single copper mesh (0.26 g) at 300 and 400℃, respectively. The repeated experimental results also suggested that copper utilization can be increased with the help of the spontaneous detachment of the reaction product (CuI) from a copper mesh. The formation of the CuI phase was confirmed using the X-ray diffraction technique, and the surface morphology of the reaction product was observed using scanning electron microscopy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of indirect moxibustion treatment for HIVD patients. Methods : From March 2010 to December 2010, 32 HIVD patients who admitted to Semyung oriental medical hospital were divided into two groups. Group I was treated by indirect moxibustion and general acupuncture, group II by general acupuncture. We evaluated the treatment effect of each group with the visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) by dividing three period(from admission day to third day after admission, from third day to sixth day after admission and from sixth day to ninth day after admission). Results : 1. Group I was more effective than group II in VAS score reducing rate at sixth day after admission and ninth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups at third day after admission 2. Group I was more effective than group II in VAS improvement rate from third day to sixth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups from admission day to third day after admission and sixth day to ninth day after admission. 3. Group I was more effective than group II in ODI score reducing rate at sixth day after admission and ninth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups at third day after admission. 4. In ODI improvement rate group I was higher than group II, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusions : Through this research, Indirect moxibustion treatment is considered to be effective reducing pain for HIVD(Herniated intervertebral disc) patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1544-1551
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• 2004

Effects of pH, sugar, ascorbic acid, organic acids and light sources on the stability of anthocyanin pigment extracted from Korean purple-fleshed potatoes (PL-6, PL-28, PL-31 and Jasim) were studied. The pH had remarkable influence on the color stability of anthocyanin pigment. With increasing pH, the color gradually fades as colorless pseudobases are formed. In acidic pH, anthocyanin was stable, but with increasing pH the color gradually changed to colorless. The addition of sugar decrease in color stability of the pigment during storage period. The most of organic acids, such as a tartaric, citric and succinic acids, were found to improve the stability of the pigment, while malic and malonic acid reduced the stability of the pigment. The addition of ascorbic acid considerable decreased in anthocyanin pigment stability, but the effect was not decreased by adding thiourea. The effect of light sources such as a darkroom, a fluorescent light, and sunlight, reduced gradually the stability of anthocyanin pigment. Therefore the pigment degradation could be minimized by shielding the light from the pigment.