• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.191-195
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• 1983

Acetaminophen, fenbufen, and mefenamic acid tablets were formulated with the same additives, granulated to different sizes, ranging $30{\sim}200mesh$, and compressed by pressure of $0.5{\sim}2.0\;ton{\cdot}cm^{-2}$. The hardness and disintegration time of the three tablets were determined. The dissolution rates of the three tablets at critical point of pressure were investigated. The results showed that fenbufen, and mefenamic acid tablet had critical compression pressure of $1.0\;ton{\cdot}cm^{-2}$, but acetaminophen tablet had that of $1.5\;ton{\cdot}cm^{-2}$. Neverthless, three tablets were disintegrated within 5 min. Among the three tablets, mefenamic acid tablet followed zero order of dissolution and the rate constants were as fellows; $1.68 \;mg{\cdot}min^{-1}\;(30{\sim}50mesh),\;1.76mg{\cdot} min^{-1}\;(50{\sim}80\;mesh)\;and\;4.85\;mg{\cdot}min^{-1}\;(80{\sim}200mesh)$.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.5-8
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• 1988

Physical properties of oral adhesive tablets prepared with four kinds of gums for topical or systemic drug delivery were investigated. Oral adhesive tablets containing 5mg of brilliant blue(BB) were prepared from direct compression. Viscosity of 2% gum solutions, water absorption, fracture resistance, stickiness of tablets, and dissolution of BB in pH 6.8 dissolution medium were tested. Acacia showed good stickiness and fracture resistance, and tragacanth showed good retarding effect on the release of BB from tablets. Therefore, tablets with varing ratios of acacia and tragacanth were prepared and their physical properties were examined. In conclusion, it was possible to obtain some adequate properties by compounding acacia and tragacanth.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 1995

Flurbiprofen, one of potent nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, has several systemic side effects due to dose dumping effect following oral administration of its conventional solid dosage forms. To reduce these side effects and to sustain therapeutic concentration of the drug, matrix tablets of flurbiprofen were prepared and evaluated for sustained release from the tablets. The matrix tablets of flurbiprofen were prepared with Eudragit, Pluronic, (anhydrous) lactose and colloidal silicon dioxide employing two different preparation methods, wet granulation and direct compression. The dissolution rates of the tablets were evaluated using KP 2 method. Formulation factors that affected dissolution rates of flurbiprofen were the type and content of Eudragit, the type and content of Pluronic, and the tablet preparation method. Several formulations of the matrix tablets showed dissolution patterns close to the simulated profile using pharmacokinetic parameters of flurbiprofen.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.142-157
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• 2016

2008년 나주 복암리유적에서 백제지방 최초로 목간이 출토되었다. 이 글에서는 목간을 묵서가 있는 목제품으로 정의하고 복암리 유적 발굴보고서에 수록된 목간 65점 중 묵서가 확인된 13점을 대상으로 백제 목간 출토현황과 비교하여 복암리 목간의 의미를 살펴 보았다. 복암리 출토 목간은 모두 대형의 1호수혈에서 일괄 출토되었다. 수혈 내부 토층은 모두 43개의 층으로 세분되나 출토된 목간을 비롯한 다수의 목제품, 토기, 기와 등 유물의 시기적 차이는 보이지 않는다. 목간은 다른 유구에서는 출토되지 않았으며 수혈에 일부러 폐기한 것으로 보이는데, 목간의 형태적 특징을 통해 2차 폐기되었음을 알 수 있다. 복암리 목간은 간지명 묵서 '경오년(庚午年)'이 확인된 목간과 $C^{14}$ 연대측정 결과 등을 토대로 610년을 중심연대로 7세기 초반으로 편년된다. 출토된 13점의 목간을 묵서 내용과 형태적 특징을 토대로 기능적으로 분류하면 문서목간 6점, 부찰목간 6점, 기타목간 1점으로 나뉜다. 현재까지 출토된 백제 목간은 총 89점으로 출토 지역은 나주와 금산을 제외하면 모두 부여에서 출토되었고, 사비도성 안팎의 왕궁지, 궁원지, 사찰 등으로 다양하다. 복암리 목간과 비교되는 주요 백제 목간으로는 관북리 목간, 궁남지 목간, 쌍북리 280-5번지 목간 등이다. 이들 목간과의 비교를 통해 웅진도독부 시절의 지명에 대한 검토, 지명+관등+인명 순으로 정형화된 신분표시 방식, 백제에서 군제가 실시되었고 복암리는 군이 설치된 지역이었다는 단서, 정중제 실시 등을 살펴볼 수 있다. 복암리 목간은 작성시기(610년), 작성지(군이 설치된 두힐성), 작성주체(군좌, 지방관 등)가 확실하며 기록된 내용은 백제 목간의 표준화된 신분표시 방식, 서사방식, 정중제와 양전제의 실시 등 백제 지방사회의 지배에 대한 일면을 단적으로 보여주는 중요자료라 할 수 있다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2011

Biotransformation of pharmacologically inactive lactone prodrug simvastatin (SV) into pharmacologically active simvastatin ${\beta}$-hydroxy acid (SVA) exhibits inter-species differences due to variations in amount and activity of esterase enzymes. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of SV and its metabolite SVA following oral doses of SV from controlled-release (CR) tablets and immediate-release (IR) tablets in rodent and canine animal models that features different esterase activity. In rat PK study, no SV was detected in plasma for both formulations due to rapid hydrolysis of SV into SVA by plasma esterase. Besides, no significant differences in PK parameters of SV or SVA were observed between both species. In dog PK study, the relative oral bioavailability of CR tablets in terms of SV was 72.3% compared to IR tablets. Regarding formulation differences in dogs, CR tablets exhibited significantly lower $C_{max}$ (p<0.05), and higher $T_{max}$ (p<0.01) and MRT (p<0.01) for both SV and SVA compared to IR tablets. Accordingly, CR tablets of SV with prolonged drug release profiles in both species might be a potential candidate for a more effective delivery of SV with reduced side effects. Besides, similar PK parameters of SV and SVA in both species despite variation in enzyme activities suggested involvement of equally potent biotransformation pathways in these animal species.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 1990

In order to develop a controlled-release oral drug delivery system (DDS) which sustains the plasma acetaminophen (AAP) concentration for a certain period of time, microporous membrane-coated tablets were prepared and evaluated in vitro. Firstly, highly water-soluble core tablet of AAP were prepared with various formulations by wet granulation and compression technique. Then the core tablets were coated with polyvinychloride (PVC) in which micronized sucrose particles were dispersed. Effect of formula compositions of core tablets and coating suspensions on the pharmaceutical characteristics such as drug release kinetics and membrane stability of the coated tablets was investigated in vitro. AAP was released from the coated tablets as a zero-order rate in a pH-independent manner. This independency of AAP release to pH change from 1.2 to 7.2 is favorable for the controlled oral drug delivery, since it will produce a constant drug release in the stomach and intestine regardless of the pH change in the GI tract. Drug release could be extended upto 10 h according to the coating condition. The release rate could be controlled by changing the formula compositions of the core tablets and coating suspensions, coat weight per each tablet, and especially PVC/sucrose ratio and particle size of the sucrose in the coating suspension. The coated tablets prepared in this study had a fairly good pharmaceutical characteristics in vitro, however, overall evaluation of the coated tablet should await in vivo absorption study in man.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the status of split tablet prescription in South Korea. Methods: We conducted this analysis using 2016 National Patient Sample data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. We computed split tablet prescription rates by sex and age and determined which medicine and medical specialties had the highest split tablet prescribing rates. Results: The proportion of prescriptions that included split tablets was 15.6% (n=6,687,35). The proportion of prescriptions that included split tablets was higher for females (56.7%) than for males (43.3%), while that of prescriptions including split tablets versus total prescriptions for each sex was higher for males (16.4%) than for females (14.9%) (p<0.001). In the age group under 19 years, the proportion of prescriptions including split tablets (53.7%) was more than half of the total. The highest tablet splitting rate was found to be 89.9% for formoterol fumarate (40 ㎍), and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (60 mg) had the highest number of prescriptions. Pediatrics (65.6%) was the medical field with the highest rate of split tablet prescription. Conclusion: Split tablets were most prescribed to pediatric patients. To minimize the use of split tablets, it is necessary to develop lower dose tablets and establish a policy that promotes prescription of these lower-dose tablets.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.513-517
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• 1992

The effect of solubility and hygroscopicity of some tablet diluents on the disintegration of enzyme tablets was investigated. Tablets were prepared by direct compression method using sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium and low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose as super disintegrants. Lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol and calcium phosphate dibasic were selected as typical diluents in this study. They were different in solubility (sucrose, sorbitol>dextrose>dextrose>lactose>calcium phosphate dibasic) and hygroscopicity (sorbitol>sucrose>dextrose>caicium phosphate dibasic, lactose). The disintegrants accelerated differently the disintegration of the tablets prepared with different diluents in the decreasing order of calcium phosphate dibasic>lactose>dextrose>sucrose and sorbitol. These results indicate highly soluble and/or hygroscopic diluents decrease the efficiencies of super disintegrants in the enzyme tablets.

• 약학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.60-63
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• 1987

The effect of manufacturing and packaging conditions on the stability of effervescent tablets has been studied. Mixtures of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid were compressed at tabletting forces of 3,6, and 9 ton force. Tablets were more than simple physical mixture but the effect of tabletting force has not been found in this force range. "Curing" the tablet by heating it to $90^{\circ}C$ was effective on increasing the stability and the silica gel in the aluminium pouch stabilized the system. The equipment measuring the carbon dioxide pressure in this experiment was very useful in evaluation of the effervescent tablets.t tablets.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.307.2-308
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• 2003

The bioequivalence of two 12.72 mg domperidone maleate tablets (Sinil “perinal$\^$ⓡ/” tablets vs. Janssen Korea “Motirium-M$\^$ⓡ/” tablets) was assessed in healthy volunteers after oral administration of two tablets in a randomized crossover study. Blood samples were collected at specified time intervals, and plasma was analyzed for domperidone base using a validated HPLC method. (omitted)