• 한국안광학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 플라스틱제와 유리제의 재질에 따른 박막형(coated type)과 벌크형(bulk type) 조광렌즈의 다양한 온도($6^{\circ}C$, $12^{\circ}C$, $28^{\circ}C$)에서 UVA광원에 대한 광변색성 및 color의 전이도를 측정하였다. 박막형 조광렌즈(Tbr, TMs)는 온도에 상관없이 벌크형 렌즈보다 더 높은 포화치(saturated value)를 보였으며, 유리계 조광렌즈의 경우에는 smoke색상의 렌즈가 brwon색상보다 더 빠른 darkening속도를 보였다. 또한 transmittance와 color가 ANSI Z80.3 규정에의 부합 여부에서는 온도에 상관없이 교통 신호등 항목을 pass하였으며, 박막형 조광렌즈를 제외한 플라스틱제 렌즈와 유리제 조광렌즈는 포화치가 cosmetic용으로 구분되었고, 박막형인 Tbr과 TMs는 $6^{\circ}C$와 $12^{\circ}C$의 포화치는 general용이었지만, $28^{\circ}C$에서는 cosmetic용이었다. darkening은 온도가 낮아짐에 따라 효과적이었지만, 반면에 fading은 온도가 높아지면서 효과적이었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2015

Sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) continues to be general cause of infant death. Also, apnea is supposed to be one of the main risk factor of SIDS. Therefore, Infant's respiratory monitoring and real-time apnea detection is very important to prevent SIDS. In this study, we proposed a non-contact home monitoring system for infant's respiration using Doppler radar in order to prevent SIDS. The respiration data were acquired from a commercialized baby simulator(Simbaby$^{TM}$) using a Doppler radar. To evaluate a performance of the proposed system, the simulator was placed in a supine and prone position and the chest belt was used simultaneously as a reference signal. As a result, correlation coefficients between respiration rates of Doppler radar and the chest belt in each position were 0.95(p < 0.001) and 0.98(p < 0.001), respectively. The averages of difference were $-0.29{\pm}5.21(mean{\pm}1.96{\cdot}$ standard deviation) in supine and $-0.12{\pm}3.05$ in prone from Bland-Altman analysis. The results indicated an excellent performance in detecting apnea with a sensitivity of 100% and a positive predictive value of 100% in each posture respectively. These results demonstrated that a proposed Doppler radar system is suitable for non-contact respiratory monitoring in order to prevent SIDS of infant.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2001

Surfaces of PTFE and PVDF were modified by ion-assisted reaction (IAR) in which 1 keV $Ar^{+}$ ions were irradiated on the surface of the polymer with varying ion dose in an oxygen gas environment, and Cu, Pt, Al and Ag thin films were deposited on the modified polymers. Wettability of the modified polymers was largely improved by the formation of hydrophilic groups due to chemical reaction between polymer surface and the oxygen gas during IAR. The change in wettability in the modified polymers was also related to the change in surface morphology and roughness. Adhesion between metal films and polymers modified by IAR was significantly improved, so that no detachment was possible in the $Scotch^{TM}$ tape test. The increase of adhesion strength between the metal film and the modified PVDF was mainly attributed to the formation of hydrophilic groups, which interacted with the metal film. In the case of the modified PTFE, the enhanced adhesion to metal film could be explained by the change in surface morphology together with the formation of hydrophilic groups. The electrical properties of the metal films on the modified polymers were also investigated.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2011

Biofilm and aeration tank of pilot and full RABC (rotating activated Bacillus contactor) plant were analyzed to characterize and determine bacterial community structure in food wastewater treatment system at winter. Concentration of heterotrophic bacteria and Bacillus group was $10^7$ and $10^5$ CFU/ml, respectively, at biofilm of pilot-plant while others represented $10^6$ and $10^4$ CFU/ml, respectively. Five and eight phyla were detected at biofilm of pilot- and full-plant, respectively, by 16S rDNA sequencing. Biofilm of pilot-plant was dominated by ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria (38.8%), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (22.4%), and Bacteroidetes (12.2%), and the most dominant genus was Zoogloeae genus (22.4%). Candidate division TM7 (12.5%) was only detected at biofilm of full-plant and it was dominated by Bacteroidetes (33.3%), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (29.2%), and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria (20.8%). Clostridium genus specific primer set enabled to detect the sequences of Clostridium genus. These suggested that anaerobic and aerobic bacteria were coexisted even from the initial period of biofilm formation and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria, ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were major phyla in biofilm of food wastewater treatment system at winter.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the intellectual and psychological features of children with Moyamoya disease who were patients in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery of Severance Hospital. Methods: From December 2010 through December 2012, 63 patients with diagnoses of Moyamoya disease and 59 children in a normal group were enrolled. This study was conducted using the Korean-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Rey-Kim Memory Test for children, Korean Child Behavior Checklist and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory$^{TM}$4.0. Results: The results showed that the intellectual and psychological profiles of children with Moyamoya disease were lower than the average of the normal control group. The tested patients showed significantly lower scores for Performance Intelligence Quotient cognition level. Also, in terms of quality of life, children with Moyamoya disease had lower levels of physical and school functionality. The results were in line with those of previous studies involving psychological tests of children with chronic diseases. Conclusion: Considering the intellectual and psychological characteristics of children with Moyamoya disease, integrated psychological intervention plans including elements such as supportive therapy for patients and programs for parental education are required.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2141-2147
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• 2016

As one of the most complex human-associated microbial habitats, the oral cavity harbors hundreds of bacteria. Halitosis is a prevalent oral condition that is typically caused by bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the microbial communities and predict functional profiles in supragingival plaque from healthy individuals and those with halitosis. Ten preschool children were enrolled in this study; five with halitosis and five without. Supragingival plaque was isolated from each participant and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing was used to identify the microbes present. Samples were primarily composed of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Candidate phylum TM7. The ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ diversity indices did not differ between healthy and halitosis subjects. Fifteen operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified with significantly different relative abundances between healthy and halitosis plaques, and included the phylotypes of Prevotella sp., Leptotrichia sp., Actinomyces sp., Porphyromonas sp., Selenomonas sp., Selenomonas noxia, and Capnocytophaga ochracea. We suggest that these OTUs are candidate halitosis-associated pathogens. Functional profiles were predicted using PICRUSt, and nine level-3 KEGG Orthology groups were significantly different. Hub modules of co-occurrence networks implied that microbes in halitosis dental plaque were more highly conserved than microbes of healthy individuals' plaque. Collectively, our data provide a background for the oral microbiota associated with halitosis from supragingival plaque, and help explain the etiology of halitosis.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권9A호
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• pp.913-919
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 스트립 폭과 격자주기, 비유전율, 유전체 층의 두께, 그리고 TE(transverse electric) 평면파의 입사각에 따른 접지된 다층 유전체위의 저항띠 격자구조에 의한 TE 산란 문제를 수치해석 방법인 FGMM(Fourier-Galerkin Moment Method)을 이용하여 해석하였다. 유도되는 표면전류밀도는 간단한 함수인 지수함수를 사용하여 Fourier 급수로 전개하였다. 전반적으로 다층유전체의 비유전율과 두께가 증가함에 따라 반사전력이 증가하였고, 반사전력의 급변점들은 공진효과에 기인한 것으로 과거에 wood's anomallies$^{[7]}$라고 불리워졌다. 제안된 방법의 검증을 위하여 기존의 완전도체 경우인 균일 저항율 R = 0에 대한 정규화된 반사전력의 수치결과는 기존 논문들과 일치하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.196-196
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• 2012

Graphene, two-dimensional one-atom-thick planar sheet of carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice, has grabbled appreciable attention due to its extraordinary mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties. Based on the graphene's high carrier mobility, high frequency graphene field effect transistors have been developed. Graphene is useful for photonic components as well as for the applications in electronic devices. Graphene's unique optical properties allowed us to develop ultra wide-bandwidth optical modulator, photo-detector, and broadband polarizer. Graphene can support SPP-like surface wave because it is considered as a two-dimensional metal-like systems. The SPPs are associated with the coupling between collective oscillation of free electrons in the metal and electromagnetic waves. The charged free carriers in the graphene contribute to support the surface waves at the graphene-dielectric interface by coupling to the electromagnetic wave. In addition, graphene can control the surface waves because its charge carrier density is tunable by means of a chemical doping method, varying the Fermi level by applying gate bias voltage, and/or applying magnetic field. As an extended application of graphene in photonics, we investigated the characteristics of the graphene-based plasmonic waveguide for optical signal transmission. The graphene strips embedded in a dielectric are served as a high-frequency optical signal guiding medium. The TM polarization wave is transmitted 6 mm-long graphene waveguide with the averaged extinction ratio of 19 dB at the telecom wavelength of $1.31{\mu}m$. 2.5 Gbps data transmission was successfully accomplished with the graphene waveguide. Based on these experimental results, we concluded that the graphene-based plasmonic waveguide can be exploited further for development of next-generation integrated photonic circuits on a chip.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.199-205
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• 1998

Objective: Telomerase, a specialized ribonucleoprotein polymerase associated with cellular immortality, is expressed by most malignant cells and is inactive in most normal somatic cells. The assays of telomerase activity in various tumors have provided both diagnostic and prognostic information. This study was carried out to determine whether telomerase activity could be useful in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid diseasees. Materials & Methods: Telomerase activity was determined using Oncor $TRAP_{EZE}^{TM}ELISA$ Telomerase Detection Kit for performing PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay followed by ELISA detection in both normal and tumor tissues of 23 adenomatous hyperplasias, 12 follicular adenomas, 4 follicular carcinomas, 16 papillary carcinomas, 4 Hashimoto's thyroiditises and 3 malignant lymphomas. We also examined all cases microscopically to review the status of lymphoid infiltrate. Results: Of the 62 cases, extensive lymphoid infiltrates were contained in 20 tumor tissues(4 Hashimoto's thyroiditises, 3 malignant lymphomas, 6 adenomatous hyperplasias and 7 papillary carcinomas), all of which showed positive telomerase activity. All the normal tissues without lymphoid infiltrates(n=43) did not express telomerase activity. Of 42 tumor tissues without lymphoid infiltrates, 37(88.0%) showed positive telomerase activity: 13 of 17 adenomatous hyperplasias(76.5%), 11 of 12 follicular adenomas(91.7%), 4 of 4 follicular carcinomas(100.0%) and 9 of 9 papillary carcinomas(100.0%). Conclusions: Our methods showed high sensitivity in the detection of telomerase activity and the exclusion of lymphoid infiltrates may be important in telomerase assay. In our work, the measurement of telomerase activity was not useful in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid diseases.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2017

본 연구에서 루꼴라(Eruca sativa)에 대한 다양한 생리활성을 조사하여 기능성소재 응용가능성을 검토하였다. 루꼴라 추출물은 B. subtilis, E. coli, C. albicans에 대한 항균활성이 매우 우수하게 나타났으며 특히 그람양성세균 B. subtilis에 대한 항균활성이 높았다. 또한, 인볼루크린 발현에 대한 면역조직화학 분석을 인공피부를 이용하여 분석한 결과 루꼴라 추출물을 처리(50 mg/L)한 경우에 0.1% DMSO로 처리한 대조군에 비하여 인볼루크린 발현이 뚜렷하게 증가하였으며 동일농도로 처리된 합성물질 WY14643과 비교하였을 때에도 비슷한 발현양상을 보여 주었다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 볼 때 루꼴라 추출물은 피부염 개선 및 피부장벽 기능을 향상할 수 있는 천연물 기반의 소재로 활용하기 위한 매우 효과적인 재료가 될 수 있다고 사료된다.