• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2021

Abstraction applied in computer networking hides network details behind a well-defined representation by building a model that captures an essential aspect of the network system. Two current methods of representation are available, one based on graph theory, where a network node is reduced to a point in a graph, and the other the use of non-methodological iconic depictions such as human heads, walls, towers or computer racks. In this paper, we adopt an abstract representation methodology, the thinging machine (TM), proposed in software engineering to model computer networks. TM defines a single coherent network architecture and topology that is constituted from only five generic actions with two types of arrows. Without loss of generality, this paper applies TM to model the area of network monitoring in packet-mode transmission. Complex network documents are difficult to maintain and are not guaranteed to mirror actual situations. Network monitoring is constant monitoring for and alerting of malfunctions, failures, stoppages or suspicious activities in a network system. Current monitoring systems are built on ad hoc descriptions that lack systemization. The TM model of monitoring presents a theoretical foundation integrated with events and behavior descriptions. To investigate TM modeling's feasibility, we apply it to an existing computer network in a Kuwaiti enterprise to create an integrated network system that includes hardware, software and communication facilities. The final specifications point to TM modeling's viability in the computer networking field.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.1031-1043
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional properties of salt-soluble proteins obtained from Protaetia brevitarsis (PB) and Tenebrio molitor (TM) larvae, the interaction between these proteins and pork myofibrillar protein (MP) in a gel system. The gel properties of salt-soluble protein extracts showed that the PB had a higher viscosity than the TM protein. However, the TM protein had higher gel strength compared with the PB protein. The gelation characteristics of the pork MP gel systems added with lyophilized insect salt-soluble protein powder showed to decrease slightly viscosity compared with MP alone. Adding the TM or PB protein powder did not affect the pork MP's hydrophobicity and sulfhydryl group levels. Furthermore, the protein bands of the MP did not change with the type or amount of insect salt-soluble protein. The cooking yields of the pork MP gels containing PB or TM protein powder were higher than those without insect protein. Regardless of the type of insect salt-soluble protein added, the pork MP's gel strength decreased. Furthermore, as the level of insect powder increased, the surface protein structure became rough and porous. The results demonstrated that proteins extracted from PB and TM larvae interfered with the gelation of pork MP in a gel system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.35S no.3
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 1998

In bitrate control of MPEG-2 TM5, $Q_{j}$, N-act, and mquant, of present macroblock are predicted from those of previous macroblock. It results in poor image quality because of abrups change of them. We proposed a method predicting $Q_{j}$, N-act, and mquant, of present macroblock by averaging those parameters of adjacent previous macroblocks. As a results, it shows improved PSNR compared to bitrate control of MPEG-2 TM5.TM5.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.337-348
• /
• 2021

Objectives: To determine the usefulness of MiriChek^TM Oral Bacter as compared to traditional clinical methods in the periodontal assessment of dogs with and without periodontitis. Methods: In this study, 61 dogs were clinically examined using the MiriChek^TM Oral Bacter test kit, and information regarding breed, age (months), sex, weight, presence of disease, and periodontitis stage was recorded. The test used a sample of supragingival plaque from the upper left premolar of the dogs. Results: This study included 30 and 31 dogs with and without periodontitis, respectively. Periodontitis was more common in older dogs than in younger dogs. The average positive and negative sensitivity rates of the MiriChek^TM Oral Bacter test kit were 73.3% and 80.7%, respectively, and were both strongly correlated with the severity of periodontitis. Conclusions: The findings of this study encourage the use of new diagnostic assist test kits, such as MiriChek^TM Oral Bacter, for appropriately detecting and diagnosing periodontal disease in dogs.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 1991

The study was performed to extraction the ground water potential area using LANDSAT TM data. The image processing techniques developed for the study are contrast transformation, differential filtering and pseudo stereoscopic image methods. These were examined for lineament extraction, lineament interpretation and the integration of vertor data with LANDSAT data. The differential filtering method is much usefull for lineament extraction, and all direction lineaments are clearly shown on the band 5 image of LANDSAT TM. The pseudo stereoscopic image are made in which color differential method is adopted, the pair images are usefull for the lineament interpretation. The results of the analysis are as follows. 1) there is a close correlation between lineament and cased well in the study area, because 33 wells of the developed 45 cased wells coincide with the lineaments. 2) 21 sites in the study area were selected for pumping test, and as a result 11 sites of them produces over than 200 ton/day.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.3 no.1 s.4
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 1999

DCS require a remote supervisory control that applies a various applications with a period of integrated EIC(electric instrument control) using distributed computer network. Until now, DCS has leaved something to be desired in guaranteeing real-time required in remote site plant. In this paper, each controller is designed by implementing the controller suiting with an wide area to enhance the hardware of existing PRS controller and GWS, RPS and SRS, for the efficiency of TM/TC system, Therefore, real-time emphasizes on the communication processing time, rate of system load analyzed and validity was evaluated for a each implemented controllers.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
• /
• v.32
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The aims of this study were to compare the superficial dose with Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter(OSLD) measurement and Treatment Planning System(TPS) calculation for 6MV-Flattening Filter Free(FFF) energy using HalcyonTM and TrueBeamTM. Materials and methods: Phantom study was performed using the CT images of human phantom. In the treatment planning system, the Planning Target Volume(PTV) was contoured which is similar to Glottic cancer. Furthermore, Point(M), Point(R), and Point(L) were contoured at the iso-center of head and neck region and 5mm bolus was applied to the body contour. Each treatment plans using 6MV-FFF energy from HalcyonTM and TrueBeamTM with static Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy(IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy(VMAT) were established with eclipse. To reproduce the same position as the TPS, OSLDs were placed at the iso-center point and 5mm bolus was applied to compare the error rate after the dose delivery. Result: The results of the study using human phantom are as follows. In case of HalcyonTM, the mean absolute error rates of the point dose using the treatment planning system and the dose measured by OSLD were 1.7%±1.2% for VMAT and 4.0±2.8% for IMRT. Also TrueBeamTM was identified as 2.4±0.4% and 8.6±1.8% respectively for VMAT and IMRT. Conclusion: Through the results of this study, TrueBeamTM confirmed that the average error rate was 2.4 times higher for VMAT and 3.6 times higher for IMRT than HalcyonTM. Therefore, based on the results of this study, If we need a more accurate dose assessment for the superficial dose, It is expected that using HalcyonTM would be better than TrueBeamTM.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.477-482
• /
• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare technique, surgical time, and complications of laparoscopic ovariectomy using $LigaSure^{TM}$ and bipolar vessel sealing system in cats. Laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed under general anesthesia on 10 healthy female cats admitted for elective ovariectomy. Surgery was performed through three midline portals. Each ovary was randomly-assigned to removal by use of either $LigaSure^{TM}$ or bipolar vessel sealing system. Duration of predetermined surgery intervals and complications were compared. Bipolar OVE ($2:16{\pm}1:14$ minutes) took significantly longer surgical time compared to the $LigaSure^{TM}$ OVE ($1:24{\pm}0:59$ minutes, P = 0.021). The ovarian pedicle fat and obesity did not influence surgery duration. Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred with bipolar OVE in three cats, but had no significant influence on surgical time. The results suggest that both $LigaSure^{TM}$ and bipolar devices appear to be effective, but $LigaSure^{TM}$ can be used as a stand-alone device that decreases surgical time and complication compared with bipolar vessel sealing system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.167-170
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 무감독영상해석(Unsupervised Classification)에서 주성분 분석법(Principal Component Analysis)의 응용성을 연구하기 위하여, 주성분 분석법을 K-means, ISODATA 두가지 무감독분류법에 적용하였다. 적용대상지역은 제주도이다. 본 연구에서 주성분 분석 방법중에서 비정규형 주성분 분석방법 (Unstandardized PCA)과 정규형 주성분 분석방법(Standardized PCA) 두가지 경우로 나누어서 각각 연구하였다. 이를 위하여 제주도의 Landsat TM영상과 국토연구원에서 조사한 제주도 식생분류 조사자료와 현장조사 자료 그리고 1/25,000 수치지도를 이용하였다. 그리고 분석된 자료의 정확도를 평가하기 위하여 오차행렬(Error Matrix)을 도입하여 계산하였다. 우선 비정규형 주성분 분석법으로 구한 주성분 영상과 Landsat TM 원래 영상을 오차행렬을 이용하여 제주도의 식생 분류에 각각 적용하였다. 그 결과, K-means 무감독분류법에서는 Landsat TM 자료를 직접 이용한 경우에는 바다와 육상의 분류가 잘 되지 않았으며, 또한 전반적인 영상분류결과가 관측치와 많은 차이를 보였다. 그러나, 주성분 분석법으로 계산된 주성분 영상으로 K-means방법으로 분류 한 결과는 관측치와 잘 일치를 하였다. ISODATA의 경우, Landsat TM 원래영상을 계산하면, K-means으로 분류한 결과보다는 좋은 값을 나타냈으나, 주성분 분석법으로 구한 영상의 계산결과와 비교하면, 주성분 영상으로 구한 분류결과의 정확도가 약 15%정도 높게 나타났다. 정규형 주성분 분석법의 경우를 보면 K-means에서는 Landsat TM원래 자료보다 우수한 결과를 보여주었으나, 비정규형 주성분 분석법으로 계산된 결과보다는 정확도가 다소 떨어지는 단점이 있었고, ISODATA의 경우도 Landsat TM원래 자료보다 약 7%정도의 높은 정확도를 보였으나, 비정규형 영상보다는 약8%정도 낮은 정확도를 보였다. 본 연구에서 주성분 분석법으로 계산된 결과에서 주목되는 것은, 주성분 분석법으로 구한 주성분 영상은 분류방법(K-means, ISODATA, artificial neural networks)에 따라 분류된 결과값이 비슷하게 나타난 반면, Landsat TM원래 자료는 분류방법에 따라 결과값이 많은 차이를 보여 주었다. 그리고 주성분 분석 방법 중에서도 비정규형 주성분 분석법(Unstandardized PCA)이 정규형 주성분 분석법(Standardized PCA)보다 영상분석에서 더 좋은 결과를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.26 no.6B
• /
• pp.613-622
• /
• 2006

In this study, a fully distributed physical-based rainfall-runoff model called Vflo$^{TM}$ is applied to Junglang-cheon basin for simulating runoff. Geo-spatial data are used to parameterize the model to account for the characteristics of soils, landuse/cover, and topograph. 300m resolution DEM is used to compute slope and drainage network connectivity. Spatially distributed rainfall data is interpolated by ordinary kriging method. In this study, hydrograph from HEC-HMS and Vflo$^{TM}$ without/with calibration of parameters was compared to evaluate the accuracy of rainfall-runoff model From the results, a fully distributed physical-based rainfall-runoff model reproduce the peak time and shape of hydrograph much better than HEC-HMS.