• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.372-379
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• 1991

A rapid and simple quantitative assay method for aminoglycoside-3'- phosphotransferase (APH(3')) derived from E. coli ATCC 21990 was developed using the thin layer chromatographic densitometry, 3'-phosphorylated kanamycin B (3'-PKMB), product of APH (3') reaction, was separated from reaction mixtures by developing on the silica gel TLC plate with chloroform-methanol-ammonia water (3:4:3). The quantity of the 3'-PKMB was measured by densitometry after color development by ninhydrin method. Densitometric TLC assay for APH (3') was showed a good quantitative result and reproducibility. Sensitivity of this assay was 1.56 nmol of 3'-PKMB and could be analyzed many samples at same time. This method may be applicable for the analysis of inactivating enzymes of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1978

One of yellowed rice toxins, luteoskyrin, was investigated with respect to its identification, quantitation and producibility by Penicillium islandicum isolated from deteriorated rice. 1) Luteoskyrin was best resolved by thin-layer chromatography with silica gel G plate impregnated with 0. 5 N oxalic acid and acetone : n-hexane : water (6 : 3 : 1.5, upper layer) solvent system. The isolated yellow spot showed maximum absorption bands at 426 and 448 nm and changed to purple color upon exposure to sunlight for $2{\sim}3$ hours. 2) Detection limit for luteoskyrin was 4 ppm in elution-colorimetry and 0.1 ppm in densitometry after TLC. Assuming that the tolerance for luteoskyrin in rice is set below 3.68 ppm, densitometry is usable for its screening in grain samples 3) Producibility of luteoskyrin by Pen. islandicum was shown to be 11 mg/g mycelial mat in liquid culture and 40 mg/g autoclaved rice.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.169-179
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• 2001

In previous study, Gyrophora esculenta showed significant inhibitory effect on $\alpha$-glucosidases in vitro and blood glucose elevation in vivo. In the isolating process of active substance, orcinol was separated from Gyrophora esculenta. Orcinol is known to be toxic, therefore, in this study, it was analysed by the TLC densitometry method for quantitative determination from Gyrophora esculenta. The average amount of orcinol of Gyrophora esculenta was 0.2%. For the purpose of removing orcinol, the water extract of Gyrophora esculenta was sequentially fractionated by organic solvents, and the acute toxicity of each fraction was assessed in mice. Among them, the LD50 of butanol fraction was 1.19 g/kg(p.o.) and the weight increase of mice in that group was somewhat retarded.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.101-104
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• 2005

To explore the Korea native plants to substitute for St. John's wort, which produce hypericin that use commercially for the treatment of mild to moderate depression, hypericin contents of Hypericum erectum and H. ascyron collected in two mountain of Korea were examined. From TLC and TLC-densitometer analysis of hypericin contents and biosynthetic pattern, hypericin was detected in flower and leaf of H. erectum, but not in all organs of H. ascyron. The hypericin content of H. erectum grown 200 m high hill in Mt. Byoung-pung was higher than that of Mt. Ji-ri 500 m and 1300 m high hill. When the seasonal variation of hypericin contents in H. erectum leaf collected from two regions was investigated, leaf collected from both regions on July was higher than other seasons.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.558-562
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• 2004

Conditions for rapid quantification of isoflavones were studied. Rapid and clear separation of isoflavones (genistin and daidzin) was obtained using solvent system of chloroform : methanol : water : acetic acid (60 : 30 : 10 : 0.5, v/v/v/v). Quantification of each isoflavone separated by TLC was conducted by densitometry analysis. Genistin and daidzin were quantified in $0.15-1.80\;{\mu}g/{\mu}L$ range with 99% confidence. Concentrations of isoflavones in soybeans and kudzu roots originated from Korea were determined, and validity of TLC method for quantification of isoflavones was confirmed by comparison with HPLC analysis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.191-193
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• 1976

It has been known that ginseng extract contains several polyacetylene components. But we found only two polyacetylene components in the freshly prepared ginseng extract. Long-term preservation of ginseng or ginseng extract produced many artifact polyacetylenes. The ratio of artifact/genuine polyacetylene was determined by TLC-densitometry on long-term preserved ginseng samples. The results indicated that the ratio was increased proportionally with the span of preservation.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 1987

Evaluation method of crude drug preparations was studied in Saengmaek-san. Zig-zag TLC scanning profiles and high performance liquid chromatograms were obtained from Saengmaek-san and its each crude drug. A method using TLC densitometry and high performance liquid chromatography was established for the precise determination of ginsenoside $Rb_1$ in Saengmaek-san containing Ginseng Radix. Consequently, ginsenosicle $Rb_1$ content was 0.45-0.48 mg per g of Saengmaek-san. This method was found to be useful for the quality evaluation of oriental medicinal preparations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 1990

Until relatively recently plant scientists have made little use of immunological techniques. Now, however, more and more researchers are discovering the powder of these techniques for the screening of immunomodulators and for the detection, quantitative determination and localization of compounds in plant materials. Especially, the recent developments in the fields of plant biotechnology and plant genetic engineering make it even more important for forkers in the plant sciences to become acquainted with the more sophisticated methods. The possible methods include onestep purification of antigens, visualization in situ by immunocytochemis try and on polyacrylam ids gel s by ni trocellulose Western blotting and quantification by various immunoassay. Among them, in this reviews, the quantitative determination methods are to be reviewed. There are several kinds of methods for the quantitative determination of plant constituents such as colorimetry, TLC, GLC, DCC, UV derivatization, densitometry and HPLC. When the complexity of plant constituents is considered. densitometry and HPLC have many advantages in sensitivity and separation ability. After a 11 some advarltages of two methods meritiorled above, all of these methods have many disadvantages and inconveniences. Previous purification for the application of all these methods make them less sensitive and more tedious. Immunoassay can solve these problems in part. But immunoassay also has some limitations. Specificity of immunoassay, contrary, can be considered to be disadvantages. Including this the advantages and disadvantages of immunoassay are to be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 1993

Two kinds of gangliosides contained in deer horns were determined by integrating the peaks of TLC densitometry. Japanese deer horn originated from China showed the highest gangliosides among tested samples and the upper parts in deer horns showed higher gangliosides than the lower parts. In the case of graded samples, the best grade A showed the highest content and the worst grade E did the lowest content. Sixteen kinds of free amino acids were analyzed by auto amino acid analyzer. The lower region the deer horn was, the more the total content of free amino acids was and several kinds of amino acids were contained quite regularly.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1983

It has been known that the insect molting hormone and its analogues exist also in plant kingdom and their concentration has been found to be about 0.1~2.0% of dry matter, which is equivalent to $10^3{\sim}10^5$ times of those in insects. This study was carried out; 1) to isolate the phytoecdysones from Korean Achyranthes radix and characterize their physico-chemical properties. 2) to investigate the biological activity of this phytoecdysone on Bombyx mori larvae. The resuls were summarized as follows; 1. The extraction method of phytoecdysones was optimized by three consecutive reflux for 1hr using 200g of dried and milled radix per 1l methanol. 2. The purification from the crude extract was made by a series of steps such as precipitation of gum-type polymer with n-Butyl acetate, adsorption on technical grade silica and chromatography with neutral alumina. The conditions of each step were optimized and the resulting crude crystal was about 500mg per kg dry radix. 3. The crude crystal from the cultivated Achyranthes(Achyranthes japonia) contained ecdysterone (20-hydroxyecdysone) and inokosterone in the proportion of one to one. In order to separate these, a series of processes such as acetylation, separation by alumina column chromatography deacetylation by alcoholysis, deionization and crystallization were introduced and optimized 125mg of ecdysterone and 18mg of inokosterone per kg dry radix were thus obtained. 4. The wild Achyranthes (Achyranthes obtusifolia) radix was found to contain the ecdysterone only. A 285mg of ecdysterone was crystallized per kg dry radix. 5. Isolated ecdysterone, inodosterone and acetylated compounds were characterized by IR., UV., NMR spectroscopy, mp, TLC and densitometry. 6. Ligation experiment was undertaken to confirm the biological activity of the purified ecdysterone; the ecdysterone could induce larval-pupal metamorphosis in the ligated abdomen of 4th instar larvae injecting 0.5~1.0${\mu}g$. 7. By ecdysterone feeding experiment using artificial diet, it was elucidated that the critical time of feeding would be the first half of each instar resulting in increased weight of silk layer. 8. The ecdysterone was fed to 5th instar silkworm at the level of 1, 2, 3, 5ppm of dry feed of artificial diet containing 5% mulberry leaves for 72hrs. At 2ppm of the concentration. body weight and silk layer weight were arrived at maximum. But at higher concentrations body weight and silk layer weight decreased than the control group. At 2ppm of the concentration, body weight was increased by 12.5%. 9. Feeding 2ppm of ecdysterone at the later half of 5th instar, the duration of larvae was shortened.