• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to provide some information on the change of dry matter productivity and feed value (forage quality) according to growth stages of late-maturing variety, Hwasan 101, Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon from 2000 to 2002. In Suwon, booting, first heading, full heading and flowering stages of cv. Hwasan 101 were May 8, 18, 28 and June 3, respectively. Dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields of Hwasan 101 were tendency to be increased by the progress of growth. DM yield in first heading stage increased 50% more than DM 4,818 kg/ha of booting stage, and also DM yield in full heading stage was increased by 26% of DM 7,244 kg/ha of first heading. Crude protein content was decreased gradually by the progress of growth, which were 18.32, 15.12, 12.58 and 12.36% in booting, first heading, full heading and flowing stage, respectively. Acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents was increased and in vitro dry matter digestibility decreased gradually with progress of growth, but there was no difference between full heading and flowering stages. Considering DM yield and feed value of Italian ryegrass, the suitable cutting times seems between full heading and flowering stage.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2009

This experiment was carried out to know adaptability and forage production and quality of corn hybrid for silage at paddy field from 2007 to 2008 at JullaNamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services (ARES). Among agronomic characteristics, 'Kwangpyongok' hybrid was somewhat strong for waterlogging and good stay green, lodging, disease and insect resistance. The fresh yield and total digestible nutrients (TDN) of 'Kwangpyongok' hybrid were the highest among corn hybrids. Dry yield of 'Kwangpyongok' hybrid was increased to 50.5%, 13.6% due to waterlogging tolerance than those 'P3156' and 'P32P75' hybrids, respectively. The result of this study indicated that 'Kwangpyongok' hybrid could be recommended as having good characters according to production, waterlogging tolerance, stay green at paddy field in southern region of Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics, yield and feed value of Sorghum${\times}$Sudangrass hybrid for silage according to the drainage depths in the paddy field of lowland. The experimental design was arranged in a randomized block design with four treatments and three replication. The drainage depths of four treatments were 0cm, 20cm, 40cm and 60cm, respectively. Plant length, leaf length and leaf number were not significantly different, but leaf width increased as the higher the drainage depth(p<0.05). The number of dead leaf was higher in the order of $60cm>0cm{\geq}40cm{\geq}20cm$ treatment(p<0.05). Green degree was higher in the order of 20cm > 40cm > 0cm > 60cm treatment(p<0.05). Stem diameter and stem hardness increased significantly as drainage depth increased from 0cm to 60cm(p<0.05). Also, fresh yield, dry matter yield and TDN yield increased as the higher the drainage depth(p<0.05). Crude protein and TDN content were the highest in 40cm treatment(p<0.05). Crude ash was higher in the order of 20cm > 40cm > 0cm > 60cm treatment(p<0.05). ADF and NDF content were the highest in 0cm treatment(p<0.05). Total mineral content was higher in the order of 20cm > 0cm > 40cm > 60cm(p<0.05). Free sugar content(fructose, glucose and sucrose) was the highest in 0cm treatment(p<0.05). Total amino acid(EAA+NEAA) was higher in 40cm than the other treatments(p<0.05). There is a difference in the content of ingredients(crude protein, TDN, mineral, free sugar and amino acid) according to the treatments. But considering dry matter yield and TDN yield, Sorghum${\times}$Sudangrass hybrid cultivation is advantageous to set the drainage depth of about 60cm in the paddy field of lowland.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.251-260
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• 2011

This study was carried out to compare growth characteristics and yield of silage corn hybrids at four different regions (Hwaseong, Dangjin, Gochang and Pyeongchang). Two domestic corn hybrids, 'Kwangpyeongok' and 'Gangdaok', and two imported corn hybrids, 'P3394' and '32P75' were used in this study. Plant height and ear height ratio were not significantly different among corn hybrids. 'Kwangpyeongok' was the strongest of all corn hybrids for lodging. The others except 'Kwangpyeongok' were similar to lodging. All corn hybrids were excellent to stay-green. Incidence of southern corn leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis) was low at all corn hybrids. '32P75' was 10.1%, the most of all corn hybrids for incidence of BSDV (black streaked dwarf virus). 'Kwangpyeongok' and 'Gangdaok' were stronger than '32P75' for BSDV. Fresh yield of 'Kwangpyeongok' and 'Gangdaok' were the most of all corn hybrids as 74.85 and 76.68 ton/ha and 'P3394' was the least of all corn hybrids as 64.97 ton/ha. Dry matter yield as 18.83~21.92ton/ha and TDN yield as 12.73~14.52 ton/ha were not significantly different among corn hybrids.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 1997

The effects of cutting 6equency and nitrogen fertilization on feed values of reed canarygrass were investigated in uncultivated rice paddy and the attemp was made to estimate the economical and efficient levels of nitrogen fertilization for the increased production of nutrients in reed canarygrass. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Crude protein(CP) content was higher at 1st cut of all treatments(12.5% in 3 cutting 6equency; 19, 7% in 4 cutting frequency; 22.5% in 5 cutting kquency). However, Total Digestible Nutrients(TDN) and Relative Feed Value(RFV) in 3 and 4 cutting 6equencies were higher at 3rd cut(63.5%, 126.8) and 4th cut(65.7%, 146.4) respectively in which the contents of Neutral Detergent Fiber(NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber(ADF) were lowest. In 5 cutting frequency, 1st cut showed the highest TDN and RFV as 70.5% and 232.4 respectively. 2. The level of nitrogen fertilization affected CP content of reed canarygrass. Nitrogen fertilization of 120kgl halcut showed high CP contents of 11.4, 14.7 and 16.5% in 3, 4 and 5 cutting eequency respectively. In 3 and 4 cutting frequency, TDN and RFV were highest with nitrogen fertilization of 90kg/ha/cut where NDF and ADF were lowest, however those in 5 cutting frequency were highest with nitrogen fertilization of 30kg/ha/cut. 3. The yields of CP varied according to the number of cutting frequency and those were 0.45~0.65 in 3 cutting hquency, 0.35~0.50 in 4 cutting frequency, and 0.19~0.67tond/ha in 5 cutting 6equency respectively and TDN was 2.09~3.60, 1.64~2.77 and 0.73~2.96tons/ha respectively. 4. The ratios between the yields of CP and TDN were 5.48, 4.60 and 4.34 in 3, 4 and 5 cutting 6equency respectively and it indicates lower ratio in result of higher number of cutting 6equency. 5. Higher nitrogen fertilization increased the yields of CP and TDN. The yields of CP were higher in 5 cutting frequency as 1.55~2.62tons/ha than of 3(1.20~1.91tons/ha) and 4 cutting frequency(1.35-2.23tons/ha). The yields of TDN were 6.31~9.93, 5.99~9.99 and 7.16~10.57tons/ha in 3, 4 and 5 cutting frequency respectively. 6. The levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of crude protein(kg CPYkg N) was estimated as 113.4~302.5kg/ha and it resulted in 1.44~2.09ton/ha of CP yields. The levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of dry matter was 199.2-361.3kgha in which nitrogen were fertilized below 400kg/ha and it resulted in 1.64~2.17ton/ha of CP yields. 7. The levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of total digestible nutrients(kg TDNYkg N) were 149.9~294.1kg/ha in 3 and 4 cutting kequency and it resulted in 8.66~8.89ton/ha of TDN yileds. With the levels of nitrogen fertilization for high production efficiency of dry matter of 199.2~361.3kg/ha, TDN yields were high as 8.77~9.94ton/ha.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to investigate the selection of regional double cropping system for production of organic forage in southern region of Korea. The species of forage crop used in this experiment were com, sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid and japanese millet for summer crops and rye and Italian. ryegrass for winter crops. In organic cultivation condition, sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid showed higher DM (dry matter) and TDN (total digestible nutrient) yield than that of com. Dry matter yield of com which cultivated in organic condition decreased to about 35% that of control because of weed. In winter crops, DM and TDN yield of rye is similar to that of Italian ryegrass. We could not find out the difference of nutrient value between each treatments. It means that the amount of nutrient is affected by DM productivity of each crop. The result of this study indicated that sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid (summer crop) and rye (winter crop), sorghum$\times$sudangrass hybrid (summer crop) and Italian ryegrass (winter crop) cropping system could be recommended as producing high yield of organic forage in southern region of Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.275-280
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to investigate the selection of regional double cropping system for production of organic forage in middle part of Korea. The species of forage crop used in this experiment were corn, $sorghum\;{\times}\;sudangrass$ hybrid and japanese millet for summer crops and rye and Italian ryegrass for winter crops. $Sorghum\;{\times}\;sudangrass$ hybrid showed higher DM (dry matter) and TDN (total digestible nutrient) yield than that of corn. Dry matter yield of corn decreased to 56% that of control because of weed. In winter crops, DM and TDN yield of rye is higher than that of Italian ryegrass. Rye was more adequate to produce organic forage in middle part of Korea. We could not find out the difference of nutrient value between each treatments. It means that the amount of nutrient is affected by DM productivity of each crop. The result of this study indicated that $sorghum{\times}sudangrass$ hybrid (summer crop) and rye (winter crop) cropping system could be recommended as producing high yield of organic forage in middle part of Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2002

DK 754S, a forage corn hybrid is bred by Dekalb plant Genetics Co.. Garst 8255 by Garst Seeds Co., and GW 737 by Crosbyton Co. in US, respectively. These have been tested in Suwon and Chonan for 3 years to test their regional yield trial. In result, we were able to confirm the excellence of above cultivars and these were selected as new recommended cultivars April of 2002 by NACF. The characteristics of these cultivars are as follows ; 1. DK 7545 a. This cultivar is mid-late maturing, high quality, high yielding forage corn hybrid. Its mean tasseling date is the 11th of July. It takes 78 days from emergence to tasseling date, which is almost same with Kwanganok. The culm length and the ear height are 231 cm and 127 cm. It is relatively strong to lodging. b. The color of ear is yellow, the number of ear row is nineteen. DK 7545 shows strength to H maydis and MBSDV has occurred between 0% and 4.1% in Chonan test area but it still does not affect yielding at all. It is relatively resistant to corn borer and its stay green is almost same level comparing to a check hybrid, Kwanganok. c. Dry matter yield of this cultivar is 19.6 tons, TDN is 13.4 tons per a ha, therefore these hybrids are increased by from 6 to 9% comparing to Kwanganok. The percent ear among total dry matters yield is 43.7%. 2. Garst 8255 a. This hybrid is mid-late maturing, high quality, high yielding forage corn like as Kwanganok. Its the mean tasseling date and the period from emergence to tasseling date are almost same with a check hybrid, Kwanganok. The Culm length and the ear height are 259 cm, and 146 cm which are tall. It resists to lodging and shows excellence of stay green. b. Garst 8285 resists to H maydis, and MBSDV, and corn borer as much as Kwanganok has. c. Dry matter yield of this cultivar is 21,735 kg. TDN is 14,627 kg per a ha, therefore this is increased by 21%, 16%, respectively, comparing to a check hybrid, Kwanganok. The percent ear among total dry matters yield is 44.2%. 3. GW 737 a. This hybrid is mid-late maturing, high quality, high yielding forage com hybrid like as Kwanganok. Its mean tasseling date is 13th of July which is 2 days late comparing with a check hybrid, Kwanganok and the period from emergence to tasseling date is 80 days. b. The culm length and the ear height are 274 cm and 150 cm, which are tall. It resists to lodging moderately and shows excellence of stay green. c. GW 737 resists to H maydis and MBSDV very well, corn borer moderately resistance. d. Dry matter yield of this cultivar is 18,025kg, TDN 15,164kg per a ha, therefore this hybrid remarkably increased by 26%, 20%, respectively, comparing to a check hybrid, Kwanganok.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.483-488
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• 1997

This experiment was conducted to determine cutting time on the yield and nutritive value of brittle culm rice. Plant height and number of tiller were significantly different between variety and cutting time, and regrowth plant height and rate of regrowth tiller were tall and high at the early cutting. Early cutting increased crude protein, fat and NFE(Nitrogen free extract) content in the harvested foliage but crude fiber and ash content were decreased in the first cutting. Those of second cutting also showed reverse tendency. Fresh and dry matter yield were highest on heading date cutting, and those of KL501 were higher than those of Seomjinbyeo. TDN(Total digestible nutrients) content was higher with earlier cutting for initiated cutting, but that of second cutting was reversed. KL501 showed higher TDN content than Seomjinbyeo did at the any cutting time. TDN yield of heading date cutting was higher than that of the other cutting time.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.152-158
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• 2015

This study was conducted from 2013 to 2014 in the middle region of Korea to compare the agronomic characteristics, forage production, and quality of kenaf, maize, and a sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid. The three crops used in this study were kenaf "Hongma 300," maize "Kwangpyeongok," and the sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid "Jumbo" (headless type). The sugar contents of the kenaf, maize, and sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid were 5.4%, 4.4%, and 2.5%, respectively. The emergence rates and lodgings of the three crops were sound, as they were more than 80% and 1.5, respectively. The fresh yields of kenaf, maize, and the sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid were 117,521 kg/ha, 73,336 kg/ha, and 133,334 kg/ha, respectively, and the dry matter (DM) yields were 28,598 kg/ha, 19,951 kg/ha and 20,083 kg/ha, respectively. The DM yield of kenaf was significantly the highest among the three crops (p<0.05). However, the total digestible nutrients (TDN) contents of the kenaf, corn, and sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid were 43.3 %, 72.0 %, and 54.8 %, respectively, and the in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) yields were 44.4%, 73.7%, and 59.6 %, respectively; therefore, the TDN yield of the corn was 13 % significantly higher than that of the kenaf (p<0.05). The TDN yields of the kenaf, corn, and sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid were 12,472 kg/ha, 14,350 kg/ha, and 11,001 kg/ha, respectively. Among the three crops, the content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were highest in the kenaf. This study shows that the kenaf had a good forage productivity but a low forage quality.