• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.338-338
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• 2000

This paper proposes a modified TD-PSOLA algorithm for Korean speech synthesis. A WSS (Weighted score search) algorithm is proposed for pitch detection and speech synthesis engine is designed using 46 phones database.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.121-125
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• 2018

This paper describes procedures of changing and measuring voice quality in terms of jitter. Jitter synthesis method was applied to the TD-PSOLA analysis system of the Praat software. The jitter component is synthesized based on a Gaussian random noise model. The TD-PSOLA re-synthesize process is used to synthesize the modified voice with artificial jitter. Various vocal jitter parameters are used to measure the change in quality caused by artificial systematic jitter change. Synthetic vowels, natural vowels and short sentences are used to check the change in voice quality through the synthesizer model. The results shows that the suggested method is useful for voice quality control in a limited way and can be used to alter the jitter component of voice.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.59-73
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• 2012

This study attempts to investigate the contribution of prosody to the foreign accent in Chinese speakers' English production by examining the synthesized speech of crossing native and non-native talkers' prosody and segments. For the stimuli of the foreign accent ratings, we transplanted gender-matched native speakers' prosody onto non-native talkers' segments and vice versa, utilizing the TD-PSOLA algorithm. Eight English native listeners participated in judging foreign accent and comprehensibility of the transplanted stimuli. Results showed that the synthesized stimuli were perceived as stronger foreign accent regardless of speakers' proficiency when English speakers' prosody was crossed with Chinese speakers' segments. This suggests that segments contribute more than prosody to native listeners' evaluation of foreign accent. When transplanted with English speakers' segments, Chinese speakers' prosody showed a difference in duration rather than pitch between high and low proficiency such that stronger foreign accent was detected when low proficient Chinese speakers' duration was crossed with English speakers' segments. This indicated that prosody, more specifically duration, plays a role though the prosodic role is not overall as significant as segments. According to the post acoustic analysis, the temporal features contributing to making the duration parameter prominent as opposed to pitch were found out to be speaking rate, pause duration and pause frequency. Finally, foreign accent and comprehensibility showed no significant correlation such that native listeners had no difficulty listening to highly foreign accented speech.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.54-63
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• 2000

In this paper, we implemented cyber character that can do speech recognition, speech synthesis, Motion tracking and 3D animation. For speech recognition, we used Discrete-HMM algorithm with K-means 128 level vector quantization and MFCC feature vector. For speech synthesis, we used demi-syllables TD-PSOLA algorithm. For PC based Motion tracking, we present Fast Optical Flow like Method. And for animating 3D model, we used vertex interpolation with DirectSD retained mode. Finally, we implemented cyber character integrated above systems, which game calculating by the multiplication table with user and the cyber character always look at user using of Motion tracking system.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.08a
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• pp.356-359
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• 1998

This paper proposes the speech synthesis method using Korean prosodic rules as an important technique for Korean speech synthesis. The prosodic model for speech synthesis is composed of accentual phrases and intonational phrases which are derived from hierarchical structure of prosody. This prosodic model controls duration time, intonation and pause of synthesized speech. Synthesis units constitute of demi-syllables and VCV-triphones which can make unlimited vocabularies, and TD-PSOLA is used a sthe synthesis method.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06d
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• pp.369-372
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• 2002

In this paper, we present an improved TTS synthesis system using articulatory synthesis and concatenative synthesis. In concatenative synthesis, segments of speech are excised from spoken utterances and connected to form the desired speech signal. We adopt LPC as a parameter, VQ to reduce the memory capacity, and TD-PSOLA to solve the naturalness problem.

• MALSORI
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• no.45
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• pp.63-77
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• 2003

The purpose of voice color conversion is to change the speaker identity perceived from the speech signal. In this paper, we propose a new voice color conversion algorithm through the formant shifting and the spectrum-tilt modification in the frequency domain. The basic idea of this technique is to convert the positions of source formants into those of target speaker's formants through interpolation and decimation and to modify the spectrum-tilt by utilizing the information of both speakers' spectrum envelops. The LPC spectrum is adopted to evaluate the position of formant and the information of spectrum-tilt. Our algorithm enables us to convert the speaker identity rather successfully while maintaining good speech quality, since it modifies speech waveforms directly in the frequency domain.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.2252-2255
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• 2003

인간과 인공생명체(Artificial Life Systems)가 서로 커뮤니케이션을 진행하기 위하여 인공생명체는 자신이 의도한 바를 음성, 표정, 행동 등 다양한 방식을 통하여 표현할 수 있어야 한다. 특히 자신의 좋아함과 싫음 등 자율적인 감정을 표현할 수 있는 것은 인공생명체가 더욱 지능적이고 실제 생명체의 특성을 가지게 되는 중요한 전제조건이기도 하다. 위에서 언급한 인공생명체의 감정표현 특성을 구현하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 음성 속에 감정을 포함시키는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 인간의 감정표현 음성데이터를 실제로 구축하고 이러한 음성데이터에서 감정을 표현하는데 사용되는 에너지, 지속시간, 피치(pitch) 등 특징을 추출한 후, 일반적인 음성에 위 과정에서 추출한 감정표현 특징을 적용하였으며 부가적인 주파수대역 필터링을 통해 기쁨, 슬픔, 화남, 두려움, 혐오, 놀람 등 6가지 감정을 표현할 수 있게 하였다. 감정표현을 위한 음성처리 알고리즘은 현재 음성합성에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 TD-PSOLA[1] 방법을 사용하였다.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2001

New speech synthesis algorithms capable of flexible prosody (especially F0) modification are desired for a high quality TTS system. TD-PSOLA is the most popular synthesis algorithm. The algorithm shows very high quality when F0 modification is limited. However, the quality degradation due to pitch epoch detection error becomes severe as the F0 modification factor becomes large. On the other hand, the vocoder framework is very flexible in F0 manipulation. The synthesized speech quality from the vocoder is far from natural human speech and suffers from buzziness. To remedy the buzzy quality from the vocoder and make more natural synthetic speech, we propose a mixed phase vocoder.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.3-11
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 고품질의 얼굴 동영상과 운율이 첨가된 음성을 통합하여 자연스런 가상얼굴을 실시간으로 합성하는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법에서는 한글 텍스트를 입력하여, 텍스트에 따라 입모양과 음성을 합성하고, 얼굴 동영상과 음성의 동기를 맞추고 있다. 먼저, 텍스트를 음운 변화한 후, 문장을 분석하고 자모음사이의 지속시간을 부여한다. 자모음과 지 속시간에 따라 입모양을 변화시켜 얼굴 동영상을 생성하고 있다. 이때, 텍스트에 부합한 입 모양 변화뿐만 아니라, 두부의 3차원 동작과 다양한 표정변화를 통하여 자연스런 가상얼굴 을 실시간으로 합성하고 있다. 한편, 음성합성에서는 문장분석 결과에 따라 강세구와 억양구 를 정하고 있다. 강세구와 억양구를 이용하여 생성된 운율모델이 고품질의 음성합성에 필요 한 지속시간, 억양 및 휴지기를 제어한다. 합성단위는 무제한 어휘가 가능한 반음절과 triphone(VCV)의 조합이며, 합성방식은 TD-PSOLA를 사용한다.