• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.67-79
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• 2012

Objectives : We investigate to identify the satisfaction degree of patients by traffic accident(TA) for improving the quality of services and fortifying the competitiveness of Korean medical hospital on TA patients. Methods : The survey used by preceding articles was accepted for assessment of the satisfaction degree of patients in this study. All data were coded by SPSS v18.0 and analyzed by descriptive maneuver, ${\chi}^2$-test, T-test and correlation. Results : According to the survey, 84% of patients included this study were hospitalized in the Korean medical hospital within 2 weeks from TA and 92.3% were satisfied with the current medical service. The answer that Korean medicine is superior to western medicine for TA treatment was the main reason for selecting Korean medical hospital. 35.1% of patients satisfied Chuna treatment and 42.9% unsatisfied herbal medicine. There were no differences in the satisfaction degree with sex, age, education and occupation. The satisfaction degree of the current Korean medical service was significantly correlated with doctor's service, use the procedure and reuse intention. Conclusions : It is necessary to develop and to apply the customer satisfaction program for the Korean medicine hospital on TA patients.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.375-390
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• 2013

The Kenticha rare-element (Ta-Li-Nb-Be) mineralized zone is located in ophiolitic fold and thrust complex of southern Ethiopia and was firstly discovered by joint exploration program of Ethiopia-Soviet in 1980s. It includes Dermidama, Kilkele, Shuni Hill, Kenticha, and Bupo pegmatites from south to north. The Kenticha pegmatite intruded parallel to NS-striking serpentinite and talc-chlorite schist, and is exposed approximately 2 km length and 400-700 m width. The Kenticha pegmatite is internally zoned and subdivided into lower quartz-muscovite-albite granite, intermediate muscovite-quartz-albite-microcline pegmatite, and upper spodumene-quartz-albite pegmatite, based on their mineral assemblage. The major, trace elements (e.g., Rb, Li, Nb, Ta, and Ga), and element ratios (e.g., K/Rb, Nb/Ta, Mg/Li, and Al/Ga) suggest that the fractionation and solidification of pegmatite have progressed from the lower towards upper pegmatite. In contrast, unlike general magmatic fractionation, Mg/Li ratios of the Kenticha pegmatite tend to be increased towards the upper pegmatite. It may result from post-magmatic hydrothermal alteration and/or interaction with upper ultramafic rock. Rare-element mineralization in Kenticha pegmatite concentrates on the upper pegmatite, which contains up to 3.0 wt % $Li_2O$, 3,780 ppm Rb, 111 ppm Cs, 1,320 ppm Ta, and 332 ppm Nb. Ore minerals in Kenticha pegmatite mostly include tantalite, spodumene, and lepidolite, and tantalite has an association with coarser quartz-spodumene and relatively fine sacchroidal albite. The tantalite is classified into Mn-tantalite as a function of $Mn^*[Mn/(Mn+Fe)]$ and $Ta^*[Ta/(Ta+Nb)]$ values. Its compositions ($Mn^*$, $Ta^*$, and Nb/Ta) between coarse and fine tantalites are different and the former is strongly enriched in Ta and depleted in Nb compared to latter one. In conclusion, rare-element mineralization in the Kenticha pegmatite may has occurred in the latest stage of magmatic fractionation.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.257-268
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• 2016

Physiological characteristics of five new apple cultivars from the Korean apple breeding program were evaluated as a function of harvest time and storage after harvest. Internal ethylene concentration (IEC), flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) were measured in 'Summer Dream', 'Summer King', 'Green Ball', 'Picnic', and 'Hwangok' apples at harvest, during shelf life at $20^{\circ}C$, and one day after cold storage at $0.5^{\circ}C$ in air. IEC increased during shelf life in 'Summer Dream', 'Summer King', and 'Green Ball' but not in 'Picnic' or 'Hwangok', regardless of harvest time. Flesh firmness decreased towards harvest time and decreased gradually with time in cold storage only in the former three cultivars. In turn, IEC increased during cold storage in the first three cultivars but not for the last two cultivars, irrespective of harvest time. Changes in SSC and TA did not consistently relate to harvest time or storage period but TA tended to decrease as IEC increased. Furthermore, IEC was negatively correlated with flesh firmness except in the 'Green Ball' cultivar but the significance level was much greater in 'Summer Dream' and 'Summer King' (p < 0.0001) than in 'Picnic' (p < 0.01) or 'Hwangok' (p < 0.05) cultivars. Flesh firmness was positively correlated with TA in the first three cultivars but not in the last two cultivars. Overall, the results indicate that cultivars for which IEC increased after harvest had reduced flesh firmness and TA after storage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.375-375
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.311-321
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine effect of Medical Exercise therapy on walking ability and ankle muscles activation after stroke. Method : Participants were randomly divided into either MET training group(n=12) and control group(n=12). All of participants had been receving a traditional rehabilitation program, 5 days a week. MET training group have additionally undergone for six weeks, 3 days a week, the MET program. But control group was not received any additional program except the traditional rehabilitation program. The 10 mWT, F8WT and 2 MWT to measure walking ability were carried out twice before and after training. Muscular activity of the ankle was estimated by analyzing the RMS of action potential for EMG in terms of tibialis anterior muscle(TA), soleus(SO), gastrocnemius medial head(GM), gastrocnemius lateral head(GL). Rresults : At the walking ability, MET training group demonstrated a significant improvememt in the score of the 10 mWT(p<0.001), 2 MWT(p<0.05), but F8WT was not significant improvement(p>0.05). At the ankle muscle activation, MET training group demonstrated a significant improvememt in the RMS of the TA(p<0.01) and SO(p<0.05) but GM(p>0.05) and GL(p>0.05) were not significant improvement. Conclusion : From these results of this study, MET training for 6 weeks has an effect on improvement of walking ability and ankle muscles activation after stroke.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.857-863
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• 2017

The FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FosB) gene is located at chromosome 19, and encodes 43 Kda protein. Functionally, the FosB gene is important for differentiation, development, and pathogenesis. Furthermore, the FosB gene is suggested as possible biomarker for tracing disease prognosis. In this study, we constructed plasmid containing a FosB promoter region and evaluate its promoter activity. We analyzed the putative promoter region in FosB genomic DNA using bioinformatics program, and we found important regulatory elements in 1 Kb upstream from transcription start site (TSS). Therefore, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification on region from-1,555 upstream to +73 of the FosB genomic DNA, and PCR product was inserted into TA vector to create the $TA-1^{st}FosBp$ plasmid. We then prepared the primer sets, which contain a restriction enzyme site for Kpn1 and Nhe1, in order to reinsert into the TA vector to prepare $TA-2^{nd}FosBp$ plasmid. It was finally subcloned into pGL3-luc vector after enzyme cutting. To evaluate whether the cloned plasmid is useful in cell based experiment, we performed luciferase assay with pGL3-FosBp-luctransfection. FosB promoter activity was increased compared to empty vector, and this activity was significantly increased by treatment of doxorubicin and taxol. We obtained consistent data on regulation of FosB gene expression after anticancer drug treatment using Western blot analysis. The results suggest that promoter cloning of the human FosB gene is very useful for studying gene expression and analyzing biomarkers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.20-25
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is leading to reduce the setup time and cost of the ground telemetry system for FA-50 program. And using the accumulated experience during T-50 and TA-50 development period, remove the risk of development and construct the optimal ground telemetry system for FA-50. For this study, collect the ground telemetry data of the T-50/TA-50, analyze the data and problems and then suggest the optimal telemetry ground system for FA-50.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.293-304
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the peak electromyographic activity(EMG) and time intervals in firing sequence of Anterior temporalis(TA) and Masseter(MM) on clenching, the number of tender points in the head and neck muscles, the occlusal contact state on clenching, and their relationship. 78 patients with Temporomandibular Disorders(TMDs) participated and were classified into articular or muscular group by clinical signs and symptoms. BioEMG$\textregistered$ of integrated masticatory function analyzer, Biopak$\textregistered$ system(Bioresearch Inc., USA), was used to measure EMG and related items, and T- Scan$\textregistered$(Tekscan, USA), computerized occlusal analyser, was used to record occlusal contact state on maximum voluntary clenching. EMG and occlusal contact were synchronously recorded and analysed with SAS Statistical program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. In total subjects, EMG of TA was lower than that of MM in articular group but in muscular group, vice versa, As a result, the ratio TA to MM was significantly different between the two groups. no significant differece. 3. The number and force of occlusal contact were more in articular group, but there was no significant difference in Total Left-Right statistics(TLR) between the two groups. 4. In unilaterally affected subjects for muscle function, no significant difference was observed between the affected side and the contralateral side in articular group, but in muscular group, the item of the number of tender points showed significant difference. However, for occlusal contact items, contact force in articular group shows significant difference between the two sides. 5. Rate of coincidence of the first firing side of TA with affected side or preferred chewing side was higher and not different between the two groups, but no significant correlation was showed between the first firing side and the first occlusal contact side.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 1992

Near-IR spectra for $ν_{\alpha}$+ Amide Ⅱ combination band of thioamides, and very dilute thioamide-DMSO solution in CCl4 were recorded in the temperature range of $5^{\circ}C$ to $55^{\circ}C$. This combination band was resolved by the computer program into two Lorentzian-Gaussian product function which have been identified with monomeric thioamide and thioamide-DMSO 1 : 1 complex. Equilibrium constants and thermodynamic parameters for the thioamide-DMSO hydrogen bonding were elucidated by the analysis of conce ntration and temperature dependent spectra. The hydrogen bonding strength between thioacetamide (TA) and DMSO in $CCl_4$ is stronger than that between thiopropionamide (TPA) and DMSO in CCl4. The ${\Delta}H^{\circ}$ for the TA-DMSO and TPA-DMSO 1 : 1 complex in CCl4 were -15.3 kJ${\cdot}$$mol^{-1}$ and -14.2 kj${\cdot}$$mol^{-1}$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.461-466
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• 2010

In this study, $Al_2O_3/TaAlO_4/SiO_2$ (A/TAlO/S) structures with tantalum aluminate charge trap layer were fabricated for Nand flash memory device. We evaluated the memory window and retention characteristic as the thickness of the tunnel oxide was varied among 3 nm, 4 nm, and 5 nm. All tunnel oxide thicknesses were measured by ellipsometer and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope). The A/TAlO/S multi-layer film consisted of 5 nm tunnel oxide showed the best result of memory window of 1.57 V and retention characteristics. After annealing the 5 nm tunnel oxide A/TAlO/S multi-layer film at $900^{\circ}C$. The memory window decreased to 1.32 V. Moreover, the TEM images confirmed that the thickness of multi-layer structure decreased 14.3% after annealing and the program conditions of A/TAlO/S multi-layer film decreased from 13 V to 11 V for 100 ms. Retention properties of both as-deposited and annealed films stably maintained until to $10^4$ cycles.