• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to determine the mortality rate among elderly patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for acute drug intoxication resulting from suicide attempts. It also compared the characteristics of survivors and decedents to identify factors associated with mortality. Methods : This retrospective descriptive study included 150 patients aged 65 years or older who were admitted to the ICU of a tertiary university hospital in Gwangju due to acute drug intoxication, with the period spanning January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results : The mortality rate among elderly individuals admitted to the ICU for acute drug intoxication was 19.3%. The likelihood of death was significantly higher in patients with an acute physiology and chronic health examination (APACHE) III score of 70 or above (OR=23.75, 95% CI=3.78-149.46, p<.001) and those with metabolic acidosis on initial acid-base results (OR=3.73, 95% CI=1.12-12.43, p=.032). Conclusion : These findings underscore the need for developing and implementing systematic education and targeted nursing interventions for ICU nurses caring for acutely drug-intoxicated elderly adults, particularly considering the APACHE III score and the presence of metabolic acidosis.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.59-69
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• 2024

The tensile properties of the single crystal superalloy CMSX-4 were examined at various temperatures. In the heat-treated state, some portion of the eutectic γ-γ' remained, and a uniform cuboidal γ' particles existed across the entire material. The yield strength and tensile strength reached highest at 750℃ and decreased with raising testing temperature. The elongation was lowest at 650℃ due t℃oncentrated deformation near the fracture area. However, the elongation increased at higher temperatures due to uniform deformation throughout the entire specimen. Fracture surface analysis tested at 850℃ and 950℃ revealed that cracks originated from casting defects. TEM observations conducted after the tensile test indicated that the primary deformation mechanism at room temperature involved dislocation shearing within the γ' phase. However, the increased strength both at 750℃ where stacking faults generated and at 650℃ was caused by the increased resistance of γ' phase to dislocation. The strength decreased because the movement of dislocations became easier due to the thermal activation process at and above 850℃.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.84-97
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• 2022

As the proportion of the elderly population increases rapidly, interest in musculoskeletal health is also emerging. Here, we investigated how antioxidant vitamin intake and musculoskeletal health are related. Adults aged 50 to 80 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 to 27.0 kg/m² were included. Bone mineral density (BMD), lean mass (LM), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and the grip strength and knee extension using hand dynamometer. Nutrient intakes were measured using a 24-hour recall questionnaire. A total of 153 adults (44 men and 109 women) participated in this study. A partial correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between vitamin E and BMD and between vitamin C and LM/Height. Participants were classified into three groups according to whether their vitamin E and C intake met the recommended intake for Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs). The prevalence of having low T-score (< -1.0) and low ASMI (< 7.0 for men and < 5.4 for women) was 51.3% and 15.4% in the group with vitamins C and E intakes below KDRIs. After adjusting for sex, smoking status and energy, protein, vitamin D, and calcium intake, the group with vitamins C and E both below the KDRIs displayed a significantly lower BMD at all test sites and LM/Height compared with vitamin C and/or E intake above the KDRIs groups. We conclude that sufficient intake of vitamin E and C is important for maintaining BMD and lean mass in Korean adults over 50 years of age.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.50-61
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• 2022

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) accounts for most daily energy expenditure. The low carbohydrate diet (LCD) attenuates decreases in RMR. This study aims to investigate the relationship between an LCD and RMR status among overweight and obese women. We enrolled 291 overweight and obese women in this cross-sectional study. Body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat-free mass, visceral fat, and insulin level were assessed. RMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. LCD score (LCDS) was measured using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Analysis of variance, independent sample t-test, and Multinomial logistic regression tests were used. Results showed no relationship between LCDS and deviation of normal RMR (DNR) even after adjust for confounders (increased [Inc.] RMR: odds ratio [OR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92-1.01; p = 0.20; decreased [Dec.] RMR: OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-1.00; p = 0.14). Some components of LCDS had no significant association with DNR, such as carbohydrate and Dec. RMR in adjusted model (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.98-1.37; p = 0.08) and monounsaturated fatty acids and Dec. RMR in adjusted model (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.21-1.10, p = 0.08). However, refined grains had a significant association with Inc. RMR in crude model (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.99, p = 0.04). There is no association between LCDS and RMR status.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.291-301
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• 2024

Background: Based on rapid industrial development, environmental pollution has emerged as a social problem and exposure to environmental diseases is increasing. The number of patients suffering environmental diseases in Daejeon Metropolitan City is also steadily increasing, and the prevalence of atopic dermatitis there is the highest in the country. Objectives: In order to minimize exposure to harmful factors for the prevention and management of environmental diseases, an environmental disease management system suitable for the environmental characteristics of each region is needed. Basic preliminary research should be conducted to identify environmental hazards in Daejeon Metropolitan City and establish a management system. Methods: Among the households (about 50 people) participating in the 2022 Indoor Environment Remote Measurement (IoT) program, households (children aged 5 or older and adults) with insufficient results for indoor air quality measurement and symptoms related to environmental diseases were selected. The subjects were tested for living conditions, blood tests, biomarker analysis (immunoglobulin E, Eosinophil count, histamine) and multiple allergy antigen tests (MAST, 93 types). Results: Participants were 53.7% female and 46.3% male, and the average age showed an even age distribution. IgE and eosinophil count were positively correlated, and significant results were found for atopic dermatitis and IgE (p<0.05). Typical risk factors observed in the survey was the amount of indoor ventilation, chemical exposure, heredity, house dust mites, fungi, and food. Conclusions: The purpose of this study was to help establish a regional management system for environmental diseases, research and diagnosis of environmental diseases. This study is meaningful in that it is a study with customized consulting suitable for the environment of Daejeon Metropolitan City. If the limitations are addressed and continuous research is conducted, it will be helpful for the management, diagnosis, and research of environmental diseases.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.94-103
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• 2024

Purpose: This study is descriptive research to investigate the influence of emotional intelligence and clinical competency on organizational socialization of new graduate nurses. Methods: The subjects were 202 new graduate nurses in a tertiary general hospital in Seoul. The data were collected from February 18 to April 1, 2021, using a self-reported structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: There were significant positive correlations between emotional intelligence and clinical competency (r=.50, p<.001), emotional intelligence and organizational socialization (r=.45, p<.001), and clinical competency and organizational socialization (r=.36, p<.001) in new graduate nurses. The factors affecting the organizational socialization of new graduate nurses were emotional intelligence (β=.35, p<.001), clinical competency (β=.15, p=.034), desired department (β=.13, p=.031), and nursing value and vocational aptitude among motivation for selecting the nursing (β=.17, p=.014), and explained 25.0% of the variance in organizational socialization of new graduate nurses. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the relationship between emotional intelligence, clinical competency, and organizational socialization, and the factors affecting organizational socialization of new graduate nurses. To improve nurses' clinical competency in the medical field, a systematic education and support system is essential for new graduate nurses entering the profession. Therefore, nursing organizations should help new graduate nurses develop their work capabilities and adapt to the organization.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.242-252
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the influence of psychological factors such as highly sensitive person, intolerance of uncertainty, depression, and self-esteem on nurses' perceptions of gaslighting damage. Methods: The participants were 178 nurses working in hospitals nationwide. Data were collected through a non-face-to-face approach using an online survey platform (Google Forms) with self-reported questionnaires. Perceptions of gaslighting damage were measured using the victim gaslighting questionnaire (VGQ). The collected data were analyzed with statistical methods such as independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS 25.0. Results: Of the participants, 94.4% were female. The participants' average age was 32.7 years old, 60.2% were unmarried, and 86.0% were staff nurses. The mean score of the VGQ was 40.49. There were statistically significant differences in the VGQ according to marital status, participants' time in their current department, total clinical career, and type of medical institution. The perception of gaslighting damage was statistically significantly positively correlated with intolerance of uncertainty, highly sensitive person, depression, and self-esteem. The most influential factor on nurses' perception of gaslighting damage was intolerance of uncertainty (β=.32, p<.001), followed by depression (β=.30, p<.001) and highly sensitive person (β=.23, p=.001). The total explanation of these variables for the perception of gaslighting damage by nurses was about 75.0%. Conclusion: This study suggests that it is necessary to develop an intervention program to reduce negative psychological factors affecting gaslighting in nurses and to cultivate nurses' strength to overcome gaslighting damage.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2024.07a
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• pp.1308-1308
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• 2024

Computer vision techniques have been widely employed in automated construction management to enhance safety and prevent accidents at construction sites. However, previous research in the field of vision-based approaches has often overlooked small-sized construction tools. These tools present unique challenges in data collection due to their diverse shapes and sizes, as well as in improving model performance to accurately detect and classify them. To address these challenges, this study aimed to enhance the performance of vision-based classifiers for small-sized construction tools, including bucket, cord reel, hammer, and tacker, by leveraging synthetic images generated from a 3D virtual environment. Three classifiers were developed using the YOLOv8 algorithm, each differing in the composition of the training dataset: (i) 'Real-4000', trained on 4,000 authentic images collected through web crawling methods (1,000 images per object); (ii) 'Hybrid-4000', consisting of 2,000 authentic images and 2,000 synthetic images; and (iii) 'Hybrid-8000', incorporating 4,000 authentic images and 4,000 synthetic images. To validate the performance of the classifiers, 144 directly-captured images for each object were collected from real construction sites as the test dataset. The mean Average Precision at an IoU threshold of 0.5 (mAP_0.5) for the classifiers was 79.6%, 90.8%, and 94.8%, respectively, with the 'Hybrid-8000' model demonstrating the highest performance. Notably, for objects with significant shape variations, the use of synthetic images led to the enhanced performance of the vision-based classifiers. Moreover, the practical applicability of the proposed classifiers was validated through confidence scores, particularly between the 'Hybrid-4000' and 'Hybrid-8000' models. Statistical analysis using t-tests indicated that the performance of the 'Hybrid-4000' model would either matched or exceeded that of the 'Hybrid-8000'model based on confidence scores. Thus, employing the 'Hybrid-4000' model may be preferable in terms of data collection efficiency and processing time, contributing to enhanced safety and real-time automation and robotics in construction practices.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.647-662
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: There is growing interest in herbal medicines for managing age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Safflower seeds (Carthamus tinctorius L. seeds, CTS) and dandelions (Taraxacum coreanum, TC) are widely used to treat bone- or inflammation-related diseases in Oriental countries. This study investigated the protective effect of the CTS-TC combination on scopolamine (Sco)-induced memory deficits through inflammatory response and cholinergic function. Moreover, marker components such as serotonin, N-(p-coumaroyl) serotonin, N-feruloylserotonin, chlorogenic acid, and chicoric acid in the CTS-TC combination were analyzed for their potential benefits on memory function. MATERIALS/METHODS: Water extracts of CTS, TC, and the CTS-TC combination at various ratios (4:1, 1:1, and 1:4) (100 mg/kg) were orally administered to mice for 14 days. Sco (1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into the mice before each behavioral test. T-maze and novel object recognition tests were conducted to monitor behavioral changes after the treatment. Western blotting was performed to detect protein expression. In addition, the presence of 5 biomarkers, serotonin, N-(p-coumaroyl) serotonin, N-feruloylserotonin, chlorogenic acid, and chicoric acid, was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Behavioral tests showed that the CTS-TC combination enhanced memory function in Sco-injected mice. Inflammation-related proteins (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and glial fibrillary acidic protein) were downregulated after treatment with the CTS-TC combination. The acetylcholinesterase protein expression was also downregulated. HPLC analysis revealed that N-feruloylserotonin and chicoric acid were the predominant components, followed by N-(p-coumaroyl) serotonin, chlorogenic acid, and serotonin. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the CTS-TC combination protects against Sco-induced memory deficits by inhibiting inflammatory responses and cholinergic dysfunction. N-feruloylserotonin and chicoric acid, along with N-(p-coumaroyl) serotonin, chlorogenic acid, and serotonin, might be biomarkers for the CTS-TC combination, and their effects on memory protection warrant further study.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the association between family support, activities of daily living (ADL) and depression among hospitalized older patients with chronic diseases. Methods: This study subjects were 100 elderly patients with chronic diseases including chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus and et al. in a general hospital. The collected data were patient characteristics, family support, ADL, and depression by structured questionnaire and medical chart review. The used statistical analyses were t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlational analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean scores of family support, ADL and depression were $49.95{\pm}8.68$, $8.65{\pm}2.65$, $6.66{\pm}3.78$, respectively. The prevalence rate of depression was 64.0%. In simple analysis, the statistically significant associated factors with depression were age, spouse, economic status, social activity, subjective health status, and number of pain. Depression had statistically a significant positive correlation with ADL and a negative correlation with family support. The final result of hierarchial multiple regression analysis (Model 3), the factors related to depression were family support (b=-.135, p<.001), subjective health status (b=2.510, p=.001). Conclusions: It is necessary to develop and apply the program for controlling the depression of elderly patients with health education, reinforcement of supportive systems in hospital. And, further multidisciplinary studies should be done.