• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.90-100
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• 2004

This study has the goal to modify ‘Investigating and Evaluating Environmental Issues and Actions’(IEEIA) instruction in the sense of Korean ecological sociocultural characteristics and ‘ecology and environment' curriculum and to assess the effects of modified IEEIA instruction on responsible environmental behavior and associated variables in high school student. A modified pre- and post-test nonequivalent control group design was utilized with 4 intact classes from J-high school at Seo-cheon, Chungcheongnamdo. Pre- and post-test data were collected on the following variables: responsible environmental behavior, knowledge of and skill in using environmental actions strategies, in-depth knowledge about issues, and locus of control. Analysis of t-test was used to compare pretest with posttest means of treatment group and control group. In treatment group, statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest were found with all variables. The treatment was found to be more effective than the control in increasing the variables of responsible environmental behavior, knowledge of and skill in using environmental actions strategies, and locus of control.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.580-592
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyse the foreigner's opinion about 'Hanllyu', and their buying behavior of clothes carried in Korean domestic market. The study was implemented through a normative-descriptive survey using self-administered questionnaires. The samples consisted of 75 foreigners residing in Korea. Data were analyzed by following statistical methods: frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's multiple range test. Results are as follows: There was no difference in the opinion about 'Hanllyu' between Chinese and Japanese. They regarded 'Hanllyu' as the phenomenon of the wave of Korean popular culture. Korean soap operas and movies were the main information sources on 'Hanllyu' stars for them. Significant differences were found in the behavior toward 'Hanllyu' stars according to sex and country, but there was no difference in the behavior according to their age. They mainly buy clothes in Dongdaemoon market and the main motivation of purchase were good design and price. The reason for dis-purchase was poor design. Respondents thought 'Hanllyu' fashion is gorgeous. There was significant difference in the behavior toward Korean culture according to sex.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship of nurse managers' authentic leadership, with nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Methods: The participants in this study were 273 registered nurses working in five University hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The measurements included the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, Condition of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and Korea-Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, simple and multiple regression techniques with the SPSS 18.0 program. Mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny method and Sobel test. Results: There were significant correlations among authentic leadership, empowerment, organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Empowerment showed perfect mediating effects in the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. It had partial mediating effects in the relationship between authentic leadership and job satisfaction. Conclusion: In this study, nurse managers' authentic leadership had significant influences on nurses organizational commitment and job satisfaction via empowerment. Therefore, to enhance nurses' organizational commitment and job satisfaction, it is necessary to build effective strategies to enhance nurse manager's authentic leadership and to develop empowering education programs for nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.38-46
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in the needs of primary health care posts before 2008 and after 2009. Methods: For the final analysis data on 1,905 public health centers and 1,521 public health practitioners were analyzed. The chi-test was used to examine differences between the employees before and after 2008 in general, and T-test for differences in core competencies and job training needs. The test was carried out during June and July, 2017. Results: There were statistically significant differences in general characteristics, future health clinic function, necessity for core competency education, and for job education. Conclusion: Information on the need for new job training should include information the use of public health center information systems, drug mechanisms, medication guidance, discrimination of major symptoms, treatment for common diseases, patient referral and follow-up, health management for elders, dementia management, and chronic disease management. In future job training, it is necessary to elaborate intensively details and evaluate effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the proper combination of ensemble suit details for the body silhouette of elderly women. In this study, the principal component analysis was used to search for the proper combination of suit details for covering defects of body which has been changed unbalanced. The designs of evaluated suits were manipulated in 18 different kinds by the essential elements such as collars, neckline(round neckline, shirt collar, tailored collar), types of one-piece dress(pleats type, gather type, flare type), and opening(opened, closed). The data evaluated by a multiple ranking test was analyzed by mean, paired t-test, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple ranged test. The results were summarized as follows: In case of normal body type, it had complementary effects for upper body with closed round neckline jacket or shirt collar jacket, and for lower and the whole body with a combination of closed tailored collar jacket or shirt collar jacket with pleats or gored type one piece dress. The visual effect for elderly women's body shape was different in opened or closed jacket. And that enhanced by Jacket with collar.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.157-172
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of childcare teachers' ego-resilience and directors, co-workers and family's social support to childcare teachers' burnout. The participants in this study were 326 childcare teachers from Daejeon metropolitan city and Chungnam province. They responded to the 'Maslach Burnout Inventory', 'Ego-resilience Scale', and 'Social Support Scale'. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's productive correlation, stepwise multiple regression, Duncan test for post hoc test, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for reliability, and factor analysis for validity by SPSS PC program (18.0 version). The results were as follows; first, there were significant differences in childcare teachers' burnout scores in relation to the educational levels of childcare teachers, their working hours, children's number per class, and the ages of the children they teach. Second, there were significant negative correlations (r = -.11~-.62) among childcare teachers' ego-resilience, directors, teaching colleagues and family's social supports, and their levels of burnout. Finally, childcare teachers' ego-resilience and teaching colleagues' levels of social support helped explain about 43% the childcare teachers' burnout total scores and about 17~39% of their sub-scores.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of body image, self-esteem, and behavior problems comparing children of short stature and children of normal height, and to enhance growth development through early detection of social or emotional problems in children of short stature. Methods: The data were collected from June 2 to September 25, 2008. The participants were 38 children who were diagnosed with short stature and their mothers and 38 children of age appropriate stature and their mothers selected from 311 elementary students in D city. The participants were matched by using propensity analysis for controlling confounding variables. Sapiro-Wilk test, t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS/WIN 14.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: There were significant differences in body image and behavior problems between children of short stature and children of age appropriate stature. There was no significant difference in self-esteem between the two groups. Positive correlation was found between body image and self-esteem. In children of age appropriate stature, a negative correlation was found between body image and behavior problems. Conclusion: A specialized program which focuses on behavior problems, body image, and self-esteem should be developed to help children of short stature in school-based settings.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.264-271
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• 2013

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the effect of fixation tightness of the syndesmotic screw and its indwelling period on the recurrence of the syndesmosis widening after screw removal and the clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: Forty consecutive patients with acute syndesmotic injury were retrospectively reviewed. The tibiofibular clear space is measured by digitalized measurement tool on serial radiographs. We analyzed the effect of time from trauma to fixation, syndesmotic screw indwelling duration, and fixation methods. Residual symptoms at the last follow up were evaluated. The student t-test, correlation test, and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Eighteen ankles (45%) had recurrent syndesmosis widening (greater than 5% compared to the contralateral side). Seven patients had pain and five had limitation of motion in the ankle joint. Fixation tightness had significant effect on reducing the recurrence while the severity of the initial widening, time to fixation, and duration of fixation did not affect the outcome. Conclusion: Tight fixation of syndesmotic screw is essential for achieving final syndesmotic stability and reducing recurrence.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2011

This study investigates the evaluation on simple comparison and seeking hidden figures works under LED illumination conditions according to three types of color temperatures (7000K, 5000K, 3000K) in the classroom, Since the objective of this study is to develop an electric lighting conditions suitable for students in the classroom, the performance of concentration and visual discrimination by students under three types of LED illumination conditions were analyzed. The 4 kinds of simple tests concerning with concentration and 2 types of tests for visual discrimination were developed, and test results under natural light and LED illumination by 3 types of color temperatures were analyzed. There were differences on concentration as well as visual discrimination performance in most cases by t-test ($p{\leq}0.05$). For further analysis among three types of color temperatures and natural light, ANOVA tests were performed. The test results shows that illumination condition plays an important role when students try to concentrate on simple comparison of characters, figures or colors and seek hidden figures. The experimental results of this study might be applied to designing better luminous environment.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1508-1512
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• 2009

This study was designed to analyze the results of bone mineral density test in oriental medical examination. The subjects were workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. The subjects consisted of 3,206 industrial workers who had received oriental medical examination by oriental medicine and they submitted questionnaires about drinking history and smoking history, during 9 months from March to November. They were categorized by sex, age, job class, drinking history, smoking history and exercise history. The T-scores were measured by using OSTEOPRO(BMTECH, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between sex, age, job class, drinking history, smoking history, exercise history and the results of bone mineral density using X2-test of the SPSS Ver. 14.0. There was a positive correlation between age and osteoporosis prevalence. In job class, sales personnel were apt to have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis than factory workers and office workers. Osteoporosis rates of the drinker group showed a higher level than the non-drinker group. Bone mineral densities of non-smoker group were higher than the Smoker group. And bone mineral densities of exerciser group were higher than the non-exerciser group. They have to encourage exercise and educate the workers to quit smoking for their health promotion. Furthermore, continuous health check up needs to be done connectedly.