• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.207-216
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• 2006

Even though the notion exists that wall paper has got a short durability for interior decoration in terms of paper's nature, it can be the most important element among the modern dosing wall papering because of the variation of the walls visual effect. Wall paper hasn't been preserved well according to the paper's character and official records haven't been done well. So, by studying a case in which a room is maintained well, seeing various commercial samples which were used for an advertisement and reading several booklets it is possible to study historical evidence. In regard to wall paper and Papering. data, the commercial historic nature of the traditional wall papering has been recognized again in order to study the root of the technical and commercial background. In theory, the historic background research of traditional wall paper in the past is said to have established its theoretical system and the development of modern wall papering in the middle of Britain in 18th century. Through the theoretical study of wall papering, the following things have been researched: handling don the method of the traditional wall papering and lining paper, stylization of pattern by using the method of continual linking, subdivision of commercial cost and specialization of wallpaper, handing down the past traditional adhesion method, the origin of string wallpaper, utility of traditional wallpaper and its various abilities, the change from the face to face linking to duplicated linking, the development of DIY products by women's wallpaper selections. Put against other materials, wallpaper remains the most popular and preferable product for managing a wall and provides a decorative, wall dosing technique. This study can estimate the source of wallpapering history in order to create a systemic approach towards the future's wallpaper industry. This is very important data in order to establish a theoretical system of traditional wallpapering according to its historical research about wallpapering skills and its commercial aspect.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.131-134
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• 2009

Purpose: Mandible fractures are common in maxillofacial trauma and the incidence of condylar fracture is high. The management of mandibular condylar fracture continues to be controversial. Conservative treatment of it may lead to complications such as asymmetry, malocclusion, temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Moreover, open reduction can cause facial nerve injury, parotid gland injury, scarring and hematoma formation. We present a case of mandibular condylar fracture that was treated by manual reduction without incision under C-arm fluoroscopy. Methods: A 76-year-old female was admitted due to left side mandibular condylar fracture that required surgical intervention. Because of her age, history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, she underwent closed manual reduction under general anesthesia. We adopted C-arm fluoroscopy as a method of identifying the fracture site and a evaluation of reduction state. C-arm fluoroscopy was set up like modified Towne's view. Results: The reduction was successful and didn't result in any complications that could occur in open reduction-facial nerve injury, infection, parotid gland injury, hematoma, avascular necrosis. The mandibular-maxillary fixations were removed after 4 weeks and patients were could open 3.5 cm after 6 weeks with physical therapy. Conclusion: We tried closed manual reduction of mandibular condylar fracture due to high risk of complication using C-arm fluoroscopy and did achieve anatomic reduction with avoiding open incision. This is simple, effective, reversible, time saving and fairly attemptable method in condylar fracture cases before open reduction.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare mother's caring-confidence, between primipara perception of the newborn, and child-rearing attitude and multipara. Method: The data was collected from 159 married mothers of newborns in the post-partum care center using self-rating questionnaires from November, 2003 to March, 2004. Data was analyzed using SPSS/Win program by t-test and Pearson Correlation coefficient. Result: 1) The mean score of mother's perception of the newborn, the newborn caring-confidence, and child-rearing attitude were .26, 3.13, and 3.43. 2) The score of the newborn caring-confidence of multipara was greater significantly than the one of primapara. 3) The score of mother's perception of tile newborn and child-rearing attitude of primapara were greater than the one of multipara but there were no significant differences. 4) There was a positive correlation between mother's perception of the newborn and child-rearing attitude and significant correlation between caring-confidence and child-rearing attitude. 5) The score of mother's perception of the newborn was significantly different according to the level of education type of family and delivery planned. 6) The score of caring-confidence was significantly different according to the helper, the history of delivery. 7) The score of child-rearing attitude was significantly difference according to the level of education and the birth weight of newborn. Conclusion: When the newborn care giver in the postpartum care setting is teaching the method of infant care to mother, there should be in consideration of the rearing experience of mothers. Mother's perception of the newborn, caring-confidence, and child-rearing attitude should be considered to develop the effective education program for mothers who have newborn. And its educational contents must be focused on the promotion of trust between infant and mother.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.97-113
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• 1998

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate disability of the patients after stroke, clinical applicability and usefulness of the FIM in evaluating the functional abilities and to assess the characteristics of the patients after stroke. And this study examined difference by predictive factors on the treatment outcome. METHOD The study was composed of 31 stroke patients who were within 1 week after stroke and had been treated in hospital more than 4 weeks. Improving rate was measured by using the Functional Independence Measure(FIM), and the correlation was analyzed between Motor FIM and Cognitive FIM. We analyzed significant meaning statistically in the mean value of FIM. RESULT 1. There was no significant meaning statistically in the mean value of FIM that was between both at admission and after 2 weeks. But there was proportional correlation between both at admission and after 4 weeks, and significant meaning statistically. 2. There was proportional correlation between both FIM and Motor FIM, and significant meaning statistically. But there was no significant meaning statistically between both FIM and Cognitive FIM. 3. There was no significant meaning statistically between both FIM and sex, age, side of weakness, stroke subtype, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, starting point of rehabilitation therapy and past history of cerebral vascular accident. While dysarthria affected functional recovery in stroke patients, and significant meaning statistically. CONCLUSION 1. FIM appeared to be a valid and reliable method to measure the functional abilities of the patients after stroke. 2. Only one thing between Motor FIM and score didn't influence FIM score. 3. Dysarthria affected functional recovery in stroke patients, and it is the statistically significant factor.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.121-134
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• 2019

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has differentiated technologies such as artificial intelligence, IoT(Internet of things), big data, and mobile. As the civilization develops more and more, humanity enjoy the cultural activities more than economic activity for the food and shelter. The platform structure based on the advanced information technology of the present will expand the cultural contents area in a variety of ways. Cultural contents respond sensitively to changes in consumer and will be useful experiences of human activities. Therefore, it should be noted again that the contents industry should not be limited to the discussion of the application of the fourth technology, but should be produced with emphasis on useful experiences of human being. In other words, the discussion of human activities around cultural contents should be focused on how to apply beyond the use of fourth industrial technology. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the basis of the successful storytelling of the planning stage to connect the fourth industrial technology and human useful experience as a method for developing cultural contents, and to build and propose a model as a strategic method. This study analyzes domestic and foreign cases made by using big data among the visual contents which show continuous increase of consumption among culture industry field, and draws success factors and limit points. Next, we extract what is the successful matching factor that influenced consumer 's consciousness, and find out that the structure of culture prototype has been applied in the long history of mankind, and presents it as a storytelling model. Through the above research, this study aims to present a new interpretation and creative activity of cultural contents by presenting a storytelling model as a methodology for connecting creative knowledge, away from the general interpretation of social phenomenon applied with big data.

• Strategy21
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• s.44
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• pp.254-290
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• 2018

Why did Kim Jong Un turn his foreign policy upside down in a sudden? US naval blockade became one of candidates for the reason since it had been threatened by Trump administration for the first time in December 2017. Has the blockades worked well like that in the international politic history? This paper reveals the effectiveness of naval blockade on sanctioning in the peacetime. This research analyzes three hypothetical arguments about the naval blockade based on the result of empirical tests with TIES Dataset. First, sanctions by blockading are more effective in gaining political benefits than the other economic sanctions. It was ranked the 4th effective way of sanction out of 9. And 56.3% of pacific naval blockades without packaged economic sanctions were succeeded, whereas the possibility of success increase up to 61.2% when blockade has been imposed in accordance with the other type of economic sanctions. Second, blockades deter military collisions, even war. When it comes to military provocation issue, blockading sanctions gain political interest far more than the other type of economic sanctions. The possibility of the success reaches up to 74%. Also, there wasn't any historical cases of war incurred by blockading sanctions within 5 years after the blockade end. Third, policy makers just need 1.2 years on average to see the end of sanctions when they choose the naval blockade as the method of imposing sanction on the adversary. It is impressively short span of time in achieving political goal compared to the other types of sanctions which are need 9 years on average. North East Asia sea could be the next stage for a naval blockade sooner or later. Because China and Japan not only possess capabilities of blockade but also have will to impose blockades to the others if conditions are set. And even the North Korea with lots of submerging forces could be a blockading threat in the specific area. So, the Republic of Korea has to pay more attention and be prepared for naval blockading sanction.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.4
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• pp.571-578
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• 2002

In temporal database, extended time dimension for history management brings about complexity of join operation and increased cost. To solve this problem, a method that joins the divided segment time data after partition the time range into fixed time interval is introduced. But existing methods can't solve the ambiguity problem of time border that caused by temporal granularity in the partition point. In this paper, We suggested Fuzzy Minimum Interval Partition (FMIP) method that introduced the possibility distribution of fuzzy theory considered uncertainty time interval border in the partition line.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

"Hon-Chon-Jeon-Do" is a woodcut star map with the size of $79.4cm{\times}127.5cm$, and was widely disseminated as it was made into a set with Kim, Jung Ho's "Yeoji-Jeon-Do". This study confirmed that Yixiang kaocheng xubian ("의상고성속편") star catalogue was used as a source to produce the star map, and the stereographic projection was applied with the projection center being the mid-point (Q) between the celestial and ecliptic north poles. The 'mid-circle' around the Q is arisen between the equator and the ecliptic, and on this circle, the hour angle and the ecliptic longitude of a star can be marked using the same scale. This means that the hour of the day and the season of the year can be read on the same dial of the mid-circle, and the application of this character in the practical use was the key point of the star map production. By observing either transits or positions of the 28 xiu (宿), it is easy to find the corresponding season and time by simply reading the dial on the mid-circle. This is just the function of a portable almanac and thus by disseminating it widely, the convenience of the people would have been promoted. For this reason, it can be stated that "Hon-Chon-Jeon-Do" was a practical astronomical tool which was produced by the western astronomical projection method and was used to find time and season. Choi, Han Ki and Kim, Jung Ho are strong candidates for the makers of this star map. The time of production is estimated to be 1848 ~ 1857, and "Hon-Chon-Jeon-Do" could be regarded as a good contributor to popularization of astronomy in the late Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 2023

Recently, research on prediction algorithms using deep learning has been actively conducted. In addition, algorithmic trading (auto-trading) based on predictive power of artificial intelligence is also becoming one of the main investment methods in stock trading field, building its own history. Since the possibility of human error is blocked at source and traded mechanically according to the conditions, it is likely to be more profitable than humans in the long run. In particular, for the virtual currency market at least for now, unlike stocks, it is not possible to evaluate the intrinsic value of each cryptocurrencies. So it is far effective to approach them with technical analysis and cryptocurrency market might be the field that the performance of algorithmic trading can be maximized. Currently, the most commonly used artificial intelligence method for financial time series data analysis and forecasting is Long short-term memory(LSTM). However, even t4he LSTM also has deficiencies which constrain its widespread use. Therefore, many improvements are needed in the design of forecasting and investment algorithms in order to increase its utilization in actual investment situations. Meanwhile, Prophet, an artificial intelligence algorithm developed by Facebook (META) in 2017, is used to predict stock and cryptocurrency prices with high prediction accuracy. In particular, it is evaluated that Prophet predicts the price of virtual currencies better than that of stocks. In this study, we aim to show Prophet's virtual currency price prediction accuracy is higher than existing deep learning-based time series prediction method. In addition, we execute mock investment with Prophet predicted value. Evaluating the final value at the end of the investment, most of tested coins exceeded the initial investment recording a positive profit. In future research, we continue to test other coins to determine whether there is a significant difference in the predictive power by coin and therefore can establish investment strategies.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.3
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• pp.91-113
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• 2001

History always be re-interpreted as the time flows. 'The Sillok', Which was registered in Memory of World of UNESCO in 1997, is comprehensive documents of the Chosun Dynasty, which had been compiled after kings' death, The Sillok encompasses 473 years of the reign in their 848 volumes(1,893 chapters). It was a history itself and has been main source in studying Korean history. Due to the rise of studies on the Sillok, time has come to explore the nature of the Sillok and to criticize the text, which would be called 'The Sillok-Study'. In this context, this paper examined three concepts that categorize the nature of the Sillok as historical materials ;Is it book or record?; The Sillok in register system in pre-modern society; And the Sillok as the National Archives. Korean historians, including myself, haven't yet examined the question whether the Sillok is the Book or Record in terms of archival science. At first, I regarded it as history book, and with this presupposition, wrote several papers on the characteristics of the Sillok. However, I recognized that the Sillok are close to record rather that history book as I examined the definition of glossary of librarian study, OED (Oxford English Dictionary) and Encyclopedia of Britannica, etc. Definitely, the Sillok was neither compiled and published to be read and sold publicly, nor meant to the works of literature or scholarship. one may say that the court-historians wrote comments on the facts and therefore it was just scholarly work. However, because the court-historians produced their comments on their own businesses, the outcome of 'their scholarly works' were also records conceptually, as were daily court-journalists in Rome. Its publication also had a absolutely different meaning from that of modern society. It was a method to preserve the important national records and distributed each edition of them to plural repositories for its safety and security. How can we explain its book-like shape and the procedure of compilation after a kings' death. The answer is as follows ; In pre-modern society, it was a common record-keeping system in the world to register records materials in order to arrange the materials of different sizes and to store them conveniently. And the lack of scientific preservation or conservation skill also encouraged them to register original records. Actually, the court-historians who participated in the compiling process called themselves "registering officers". On the other hand, similar to social hierarchy, there was a hierarchical system of records, and the Sillok was placed at the top of this hierarchy. In conclusion, the Sillok was a kind of registered records in the middle ages and the supreme records in the records-world. In addition to this we can also conceptualize the Sillok as archives. Through the compiling process, the most important and valuable records were selected to be the parts of Sillok. This process corresponds to the modem records appraisal. In the next step, it was preserved in the Four Archives(史庫) which located at remote site as archives and only accessible by the descendents in the future, who might be the people of the next dynasty. And nobody could access or read the documents at that time except the authorized court-historians who were archivists of the Chosun Dynasty. From this perspective, I conclude that Sillok was the supreme confidential archives in the register system. I work for the Government Archives as a historian and archivist. Whenever I entered the exhibition hall of the Government Archives and Records Service(GARS) and saw the replica of the Archives of Taebeak Mountain built during Chosun period, I always asked to myself a question whether the Sillok can be a symbol of the archival tradition of Korea and the GARS. Now, I can say, 'Yes!' definitely.