• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.1351-1365
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• 2020

Let S and T be w-linked extension domains of a domain R with S ⊆ T. In this paper, we define what satisfying the w_R-GD property for S ⊆ T means and what being w_R- or w-GD domains for T means. Then some sufficient conditions are given for the w_R-GD property and w_R-GD domains. For example, if T is w_R-integral over S and S is integrally closed, then the w_R-GD property holds. It is also given that S is a w_R-GD domain if and only if S ⊆ T satisfies the w_R-GD property for each w_R-linked valuation overring T of S, if and only if S ⊆ (S[u])_w satisfies the w_R-GD property for each element u in the quotient field of S, if and only if S_𝔪 is a GD domain for each maximal w_R-ideal 𝔪 of S. Then we focus on discussing the relationship among GD domains, w-GD domains, w_R-GD domains, Prüfer domains, PνMDs and Pw_RMDs, and also provide some relevant counterexamples. As an application, we give a new characterization of Pw_RMDs. We show that S is a Pw_RMD if and only if S is a w_R-GD domain and every w_R-linked overring of S that satisfies the w_R-GD property is w_R-flat over S. Furthermore, examples are provided to show these two conditions are necessary for Pw_RMDs.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.1 s.32
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• pp.145-153
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• 2007

Objecgtive : The aim of present study was to investigate inhibition effect of Whakijogyung-Tang(WJT) on the tumor cell lines. This study estimated the cytotoxicity of WJT about viability of S-180 and NlH3T3. Methods : The cytotoxicity of WJT about viability of cells were tested using a colorimetric tetrazoliun assay(MTT assay) Results and Conclusion : 1. Water extract of WJT had $IC_{50}$ of 863 ${\mu}g/ml$ in S-180 cell lines, but cytotoxicity of NIH3T3 was not significant difference compare with S-180. 2. n-Hexane fraction of WJT had similar cytotoxicity between S-180 and NIH3T3, but that could not have $IC_{50}$ in S-180 cell lines. 3. Ethyl acetate fraction of WJT had low degree cytotoxicity both S-180 and NIH3T3 cell lines. 4. Significantly, Butanol fraction of WJT had differenct citotoxicity between S-180 and NIH3T3. 5. $H_2O_2$ fraction of WJT had no cytotoxicity both S-180 and NIH3T3.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 1998

The harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus japonicus is one of the important zooplankton as a live food the production of marine fish fry. This reserch was carried out to investigate the culturing method and dietary value of T. japonicus. The reproduction of this copepod was analysed in the culturing systems (tne opened and the closed systems) and the surface area of the substate plates for the mass culture. Survival rate of the mature female and the number of nauplii produced per female for two day was higher in the open culturing system than in the close system. However, the result of survival rate of the nauplius was reversed. Larger surface area of the culturing vessel accommodated higher density of this bentic copepod. In polyculture of T. japonicus and rotifer (B. plicatilis), growth of T. japonicus seems to be dependent on the rotifer density. But rotifer seems to be independent on the copepod. With regard to dietary value, this copepod is better than Artemia nauplius for the larvae of red sea bream and tiger puffer which feed by picking. However, it is inadequate for bottom fish larvae as flounder.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.201-217
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• 1991

In order to investigate experimental effects of Yangkyuksanwha-Tang, which is the typical prescription for diseased SOYANGIN, on diabetes rats, the observation and measurement was made on the content of volume of blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, total protein, electrolyte($K^+$, $Na^+$) in serum, by dosing the cooked Y.S.T. to diabetic rats, induced by streptozotocin and following result was obtained. 1. The volume of blood glucose, in the diabetes rats, was decreased significantly, and remarkable decrease of blood glucose was shown in the Y.S.T. (12.5ml/kg) dosed group, after 4weeks of experiment. 2. The volume of total cholesterol of blood serum was decreased notably, especially remarkable reduce of total cholesterol was shown in the Y.S.T. (12.5ml/kg) dosed group after a week. 3. The volume of triglyceride in the blood serum of diabetic rats, induced by the streptozotocin was decreased after 4 weeks, and remarkable decrease was shown in the Y.S.T. (12.5ml/kg) dosed group after 2 weeks of experiment. 4. The volume of the phospholipid in the diabetes rats, was decreased significantly in the Y.S.T. (12.5ml/kg) dosed group after 2 weeks of experiment. 5. The volume of total protein of diabetes rats, was increased in all group, and the remarkable increase was shown in the Y.S.T. (12.5ml/kg) dosed group after 4 weeks. 6. The volume of the sodium in the Y.S.T. (12.5ml/kg) dosed group, was notable in each Y.S.T. dosed group (1.25ml/kg, 12.5ml/kg) after a week experiment. According to above results, It is expected that Y.S.T. applied to SOYANGIN, can be used for medical treatment of diabetes with effect. But because the effect can be somewhat different depending upon dosage, appropriate operation on clinic is needed, for the best curing effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.99-103
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• 2006

In this paper, we focus on the problem of designing an energy efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks and analyze S(Sensor)-MAC and T(Time-out)-MAC. S-MAC is based on the concept of the 'listen/sleep mode cycle'. This applies message passing to reduce contention latency for sensor-network applications that require store-and-forward processing as data moves through the network. However unlike the S-MAC, where the duration of the cycle is fixed, T-MAC introduces an adaptive duty cycle in a novel way: by dynamical ending the active part of it. This reduces the amount of energy wasted on idle listening, in which nodes wait for potentially incoming messages while still maintaining a reasonable throughput. In this paper we discuss the design of these two Protocols. We analyze them from the aspect of latency, throughput, and power savings when using the OMNeT++ simulator in various environments.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.508-516
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• 2019

Smart home with various IoT devices provides convenient and efficient services. However, security is important because sensitive information such as private video and audio can be collected and processed, as well as shared over the Internet. To manage such smart home IoT devices, we use blockchain technology that provides data integrity and secure management. In this paper, we utilize a PoS(Proof of Stake) method that verifies the block through the accumulated stake in the network rather than the computation power, out of the PoW(Proof of Work) block chain, in which the computation for the existing verification must be continuously performed. Among them, we propose a blockchain based system with DPoS(Delegated Proof of Stake) method to actively solve the scalability part, for security that is suitable for smart home IoT environment. We implement the proposed system with DPoS based EOSIO to show realization, and we show performance improvement in terms of transaction processing speed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.266-274
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety symptoms. Methods: A total of 52 patients diagnosed with adult ADHD completed self-report assessment scales. The clinical features of ADHD were assessed using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) and Korean Adult ADHD Rating Scale (K-AARS). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess anxiety-related symptoms. Correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between the diagnostic scales of adult ADHD and anxiety. Results: Higher scores on the ASRS were related to higher scores on the STAI-S (r=0.482) and STAI-T (r=0.573), which assess state anxiety and trait anxiety, respectively. Subscales of inattention (STAI-S, r=0.485; STAI-T, r=0.648), impulsivity (STAI-S, r=0.404; STAI-T, r=0.491), emotional dysregulation (STAI-S, r=0.498; STAI-T, r=0.639), disorganization (STAI-S, r=0.427; STAI-T, r=0.545) on the KAARS, and the subtotal of K-AARS clinical subscales (STAI-S, r=0.517; STAI-T, r=0.540) had significant correlations with both STAI-S and STAI-T scores. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, there were significant associations between ASRS total scores (β=0.299) and STAI-S scores, and between inattention (β=0.297), impulsivity (β=0.560), emotional dysregulation (β=0.393), disorganization (β=0.817), subtotal scores on the K-AARS subscales (β=0.114), and STAI-S scores. The multivariate regression analysis also showed significant associations between ASRS total scores (β=0.409) and STAI-T scores. Associations between K-AARS subscales of inattention (β=0.468), impulsivity (β=0.817), emotional dysregulation (β=0.598), disorganization (β=1.120), subtotal scores on the K-AARS subscales (β=0.134), and STAI-T scores remained significant after adjusting demographic variables. Conclusion: Comprehensive assessment of ADHD symptoms related to anxiety would be important for the evaluation and treatment of anxiety in adult ADHD patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2014

This paper proposes a novel $H{\infty}$ T-S Fuzzy controller with a weighted integral action for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(IPMSM) which have nonlinear dynamics. The $H{\infty}$ T-S Fuzzy controller is used for the robustness of nonlinear systems and the weighted integral action is used for the tracking problem and the improvement of control performance. A T-S Fuzzy controller is designed by combining the local controllers with the overall stability, and LMI(Linear Matrix Inequality)is used to determine the gains of linear controllers. The tracking problem of IPMSM is changed into regulator problem by introducing the integral action and the weighting factor gives flexibility to a $H{\infty}$ fuzzy controller.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.302-306
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• 2011

This paper presents Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-model-based controller for depth control of autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs). Through sector nonlinearity methodology, The nonlinear AUV is represented by T-S fuzzy model. By using the Lyapunov function, the design condition of controller is derived to guarantee the performance of depth control in the format of linear matrix inequality (LMI). An example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2925-2948
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• 2019

In order to improve the utilization of irrigation water resources of greenhouse tomatoes, a water-saving irrigation decision-making model based on genetic optimization T-S fuzzy neural network is proposed in this paper. The main work are as follows: Firstly, the traditional genetic algorithm is optimized by introducing the constraint operator and update operator of the Krill herd (KH) algorithm. Secondly, the weights and thresholds of T-S fuzzy neural network are optimized by using the improved genetic algorithm. Finally, on the basis of the real data set, the genetic optimization T-S fuzzy neural network is used to simulate and predict the irrigation volume for greenhouse tomatoes. The performance of the genetic algorithm improved T-S fuzzy neural network (GA-TSFNN), the traditional T-S fuzzy neural network algorithm (TSFNN), BP neural network algorithm(BPNN) and the genetic algorithm improved BP neural network algorithm (GA-BPNN) is compared by simulation. The simulation experiment results show that compared with the TSFNN, BPNN and the GA-BPNN, the error of the GA-TSFNN between the predicted value and the actual value of the irrigation volume is smaller, and the proposed method has a better prediction effect. This paper provides new ideas for the water-saving irrigation decision in greenhouse tomatoes.