• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.124-128
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• 2012

Background and Objectives : There are many diagnostic modalities to evaluate laryngopharyngeal reflux. However, ideal diagnostic methods have not been established yet. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Water-Siphon test as a diagnostic test of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Subjects and Methods : From November 2006 to September 2007, we performed esophagography with Water-Siphon test and questionnaire, physical examination for 227 patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms. The results of Water-Siphon test were classified according to the degree of reflux, the number of reflux, the retention time and analyzed about the relationship with the reflux symptom index (RSI), reflux finding score (RFS). Results : The degree of reflux was related with pseudosulcus, thick endolaryngeal mucus. The number of reflux was related with thick endolaryngeal mucus. A positive predictive value of Water-Siphon test was 82.7% and sensitivity was 91.5%. Conclusion : Water-Siphon test is a reliable diagnostic test for laryngopharyngeal reflux.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 1997

The recent hypothesis about the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been centered mainly on two theories, i.e. dopamine hypothesis and serotonin hypothesis. We investigate the correlations between plasma monoamine metabolite concentrations and clinical symptoms in schizophrenic patients. The first purpose of our study was to examine whether the plasma levels of HVA(homovanillic acid) and 5-HIAA(hydroxyindoleacetic acid) are significantly different in schizophrenics, compared to normal controls. And, with the intention of clarifying the interaction between dopaminergic system and serotoninergic system, the ratio of HVA/5-HIAA also was measured. The second purpose was whether the basal(pre-treatment) levels of these metabolites show the correlation with clinical symptoms. Finally, third purpose was whether basal HVA and 5-HIAA levels can be held as a predictor of treatment response. We used Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms(SAPS) and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS) as the clinical symptom rating scales. Our results were as followed, 1) only the level of basal plasma HVA was significantly differ in schizophrenics. 5-HIAA and HVA/5-HIAA were not. 2) basal HVA showed significant correlation with SAPS score, especially delusion subscale. 3) the higher was the basal HVA level, the more improvement in clinical symptoms was observed. The basal 5-HIAA level and the HVA/5-HIAA ratio did not show any significant findings. These results support the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia, but fail to examine on the possible involvement of serotonin in schizophrenia.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.313-319
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) on the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), prostate specific antigen (PSA), and prostate volume in Korean men. We analyzed the data from 2654 men over the age of 40 who visited our health promotion center for regular health checkups. Of the total 2654 men, mean age, PSA level, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and prostate volume were 54.6 years, 1.21ng/ml, 6.2 points, and 27.8ml, respectively. All examinees were divided into MS group (46.5%, 1235 men) and non-MS group (53.5%, 1419). Age and prostate volume were significantly higher in the MS group. The patients were divided into three groups according to their ages: 40's, 50's, and over 60 years old. Prostate volume of the MS group in the younger age groups (40-49 years and 50-59 years) was significantly larger than that of the non-MS group. However, no difference was revealed in the age group of 60-69 years. No significant differences were found in the PSA level and LUTS between the MS and non-MS groups. In the multivariate regression analysis, central obesity was the strongest risk factor for the enlargement of prostate over 30ml among the metabolic components.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.110-121
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• 2010

1. Objectives: This investigation compares the eating behaviors across normal-weight male groups of different Sasang constitutional types. 2. Methods: We recruited 31 male participants aged 20-35 with BMI 18.5-23. The eating behavior was assessed using Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Bulimia Test Revised (BULIT-R), Korean Version of Eating Attitude Test-26 (KEAT-26), and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). 3. Results: 1) Assessments made by GSRS, KEAT-26, and BULIT-R were not significantly different across different Sasang constitutional types. (p<0.05) 2) The Soeum group showed significantly lower BMI and body weight compared to the Soyang and Taeeum groups. 3) The Emotional eating subscale of DEBQ differed significantly across different Sasang constitutional types. (p<0.05) 4) The Soeum group showed a significantly lower Emotional eating subscale score of DEBQ compared to the Soyang and Taeeum groups. 4. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that emotional factors could influence eating behaviors differently across different Sasang constitutional types, in which the Soeum type is less affected than the Soyang type by emotional states.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.191-194
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• 2010

Treatments of severely incurved toenails cause anatomical changes and cosmetic problems, even though they provide adequate symptom relief. Incurved toenail patients treated with a K-D$^{(R)}$ (S&C Biotech, Seoul, South Korea) the new device for correcting curved nail deformity were investigated retrospectively. This study surveyed 12 patients(18 cases) who had been treated for severe ingrown toenails using K-D$^{(R)}$ from May 2008 to March 2009, and examined their subjective satisfaction before and after the treatment. The average age of the participants was 39 (ranging from 27 to 52), and 8 of them were male and 4 female. The treatment was applied after the patients were given a thorough explanation about the tool and the treatment, and questionnaire surveys were conducted before the treatment and after 3 months on the average from the treatment. In the survey, the respondents were asked about pain, restriction on activities, and the selection of shoes. For each item, symptoms with a given point were presented, and the respondents' scores were compared between the surveys before and after the treatment. According to the results of the questionnaire survey, pain increased from 14 out of 40 before the treatment to 39 after, activity restriction increased from 11 to 30, and shoe selection increased from 20 to 30. The average total score increased from 45 to 98, and this suggests a considerable enhancement in the patients' subjective satisfaction. The average period of the application of K-D$^{(R)}$ was $20.3{\pm}9.4$ days, and in all the cases, ingrown toenails were corrected within three weeks.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.400-409
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• 1996

To investigate industrial fatigue and low back pain, the questionaire survey for subjective symptoms of fatigue and low back pain was carried out among 591 male workers aged 20-55 employed in an automobile industry in Korea. Workers participated to this study were divided into low back pain group(LBP) and control group, according to the self-reports by written questionaires. The subjective sysptoms of fatigue comprised three groups of 10 items each, representing dullness and sleepiness(level of cerebral activation), difficulty in concentration(level of motivation) and bodily projection of fatigue. The resultant data were processed for $\chi^2-test$, t-test and a pearson's correlation coefficient to confirm the relationships. The results were as follows: 1. 30 items of fatigue subjective symptoms exeptone item, 'lack in perseverance', were directly associated with low back pain. 2. The percentage of fatigue complaint were sig nificantly higher in LBP group. 3. Of the 30 items of fatigue subjective symptoms, the highest percentage was accounted for 'eye strain'(27.9%), followed by 'whole body feels tired' and 'legs feel heavy'(22.9%), 'feel like lying'(21.4%), 'feel a pain in the low back'(18.7%), 'feel drowsy'(16.4%) and 'feel stiffness in the neck or the shoulders'(16.2%) in the order of sequence. 4. The average weighted score for the first group of fatigue items(dullness and sleepiness) was the largest among three groups and was followed by the second group(difficulty in concentration) and the third group(bodily projection of fatigue) in the order of sequence, suggesting the heavier shift work stress of the workers. 5. In the groups of the aged 30-40, work duration of 5-7yrs, heavy work amount and irregular work speed, significant high fatigue complaints were revealed in terms of eye strain, whole body feels tired, legs feel heavy, feel like lying, feel a pain in the low back and feel stiffness in the neck or the shoulders. 6. A significant negative correlations were shown between age, work duration and eleven subjective symptoms while positive reciprocal correlations were shown between eleven items with one another.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2015

Purpose: Diencephalic syndrome is an uncommon cause of failure to thrive in early childhood that is associated with central nervous system neoplasms in the hypothalamic-optic chiasmatic region. It is characterized by complex signs and symptoms related to hypothalamic dysfunction; such nonspecific clinical features may delay diagnosis of the brain tumor. In this study, we analyzed a series of cases in order to define characteristic features of diencephalic syndrome. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 8 patients with diencephalic syndrome (age, 5-38 months). All cases had presented to Seoul National University Children's Hospital between 1995 and 2013, with the chief complaint of poor weight gain. Results: Diencephalic syndrome with central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm was identified in 8 patients. The mean age at which symptoms were noted was $18{\pm}10.5$ months, and diagnosis after symptom onset was made at the mean age of $11{\pm}9.7$ months. The mean z score was $-3.15{\pm}1.14$ for weight, $-0.12{\pm}1.05$ for height, $1.01{\pm}1.58$ for head circumference, and $-1.76{\pm}1.97$ for weight-for-height. Clinical features included failure to thrive (n=8), hydrocephalus (n=5), recurrent vomiting (n=5), strabismus (n=2), developmental delay (n=2), hyperactivity (n=1), nystagmus (n=1), and diarrhea (n=1). On follow-up evaluation, 3 patients showed improvement and remained in stable remission, 2 patients were still receiving chemotherapy, and 3 patients were discharged for palliative care. Conclusion: Diencephalic syndrome is a rare cause of failure to thrive, and diagnosis is frequently delayed. Thus, it is important to consider the possibility of a CNS neoplasm as a cause of failure to thrive and to ensure early diagnosis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.525-533
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• 2018

Background Patients with ectropion experience devastating symptoms. Therefore, the prevention and management of this condition are of utmost importance. To treat ectropion, it is important to perform medial and lateral canthopexy in an effective way. In this study, we propose a comprehensive algorithm for the prevention and management of ectropion based on a new classification of ectropion according to its signs and causes. Methods Canthopexy was performed in 68 cases according to the proposed algorithm, which starts with a categorization of the types of ectropion and ends with the recommended operative technique. To assess the results, we reviewed clinical preoperative and postoperative photographs. To evaluate improvements in patients' symptoms, we conducted a survey with responses scored on a Likert scale. Results None of the patients had scleral show postoperatively. The average patient satisfaction score was satisfied or higher for all symptoms, and the most improved symptom was aesthetic appearance. No major complications were reported. Conclusions For the comprehensive management of ectropion, it is crucial to consider both treatment and prevention. Through the simple surgical algorithm proposed in this study, both medically acceptable results and high levels of patient satisfaction were achieved without significant postoperative complications. We recommend using this algorithm for the comprehensive management of ectropion.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.10 no.1 s.22
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• pp.137-155
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• 2007

Purpose : This study was undertaken to make a diagnosis weakness and firmness (虛實) of Dysmenorrhea patients by diagnosis questionnaires system(Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine-DSOM) Methods : The subjects were 58 volunteers who was suffering for dysmenorrhea, employed using Measure of Menstrual Pain (MMP) questionnaire. The had agreed to take part in this experiment, with didn't take any anodyne drugs. The MMP score by using 7 questions and the Menstrual Symptom Severity List(MSSL-D) was measured before and after menstruation cycle. Results and Conclusions : The findings of this study were as follows; 1. We examined Pathogenic Factor's frequency of DSOM, Coldness(寒) was 45 persons 80.36%, Damp(濕) was 40 persons 71.43%, Heart(心) was 37 persons 66.07%, Heat syndrom(熱) was 9 persons 16.07%, insufficiency of Yang(陽虛) was 6 persons 10.71%. 2. We divided Dysmenorrhea patients into two groups(weakness and firmness) by Results of DSOM, Firmness was 25 Persons 43.1%, Weakness was 23 persons 39.7%, Unknown was 10 persons 17.2%. 3. In estimation based on Measure of Menstrual Pain (MMP) questionnaire Severe menstrual pain is weakness, Mild menstrual pain is Firmness. 4. In estimation of coldness and heat syndrom, Coldness was 40 persons 69.0%, Heat syndrom, was 2 persons 3.5%, Possess both coldness and heat syndrom was 9 persons 15.5%.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report improvement of symptoms after lobectomy of male breast cancer lung metastasis treated with Korean Medicine based Integrative Cancer Treatment (ICT). Methods: A male left breast cancer patient diagnosed with metastasis on lung at July 2019. After Video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) left lower lobe (LLL) lobectomy and En bloc wedge resection the patient visited the Daejeon korean medicine hospital of Daejeon university East West Cancer Center (EWCC) to treat operation-site (op-site) pain, dysphagia, anorexia with Korean Medicine Treatment. The patient was treated with Korean Medicine based ICT for an approximately 20 days. The clinical outcomes were measured by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (NCI-CTCAE), Numeral rating scale (NRS) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). The safety of treatment was verified by blood tests. Results: After treatment, op-site pain was improved from NRS 9 to 6, dysphagia and anorexia were relieved from NRS 9 to 2. And ECOG score of the patient was improved from grade 2 to 1. Conclusion: This case study suggests that Korean Medicine based ICT may help to improve post operative sequelae in metastatic lung cancer patient.