• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제14권12호
• /
• pp.1292-1299
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical System) 기술을 이용하여 Microstrip 구조의 저 손실 전송라인을 제작하고, 제작되어진 전송라인을 이용하여 Ka-band 대역의 저역통과 여파기(Low Pass Filter)를 제작하였다. 저 손실 전송라인의 제작은 surface micromachining 공정기법을 사용하고 저 손실 및 넓은 범위의 특성 임피던스 값을 얻기 위하여 신호선을 유전체 지지대를 이용하여 공기 중으로 위치시켜 substrate에 의한 손실을 최소화시켰다. 제작된 전송선로를 이용하여 LPF에 적용하면 유전체 손실의 최소화로 인한 insertion loss를 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 LPF를 다른 능동소자와 함께 구현하기 위하여서는 소형화가 필수적인데 LPF의 소형화를 위하여 접지면 부분에 slot을 형성하여 제작하였으며 제작된 결과를 그렇지 않은 경우와 서로 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.286-294
• /
• 2018

Hot-press forming(HPF) steel can be applied successfully to auto parts because of its superior mechanical properties. However, its resistances to aqueous corrosion and the subsequent hydrogen embrittlement(HE) decrease significantly when the steel is exposed to corrosive environments. Considering that the resistances are greatly dependent on the properties of coating materials formed on the steel surface, the characteristics of the corrosion and hydrogen diffusion behaviors regarding the types of coating material should be clearly understood. Electrochemical polarization and impedance measurements reveal a higher corrosion potential and polarization resistance and a lower corrosion current of the Al-coating compared with Zn-coating. Furthermore, it was expected that the diffusion kinetics of the hydrogen atoms would be much slower in the Al-coating, and this would be due mainly to the much lower diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the Al-coating with a face-centered cubic structure. The superior surface inhibiting effect of the Al-coating, however, is degraded by the formation of local cracks in the coated layer under severe stress conditions, and therefore further study will be necessary to gain a clearer understanding of the effect of cracks formed on the coated layer on the subsequent corrosion and hydrogen diffusion behaviors.

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.96-102
• /
• 2010

본 연구에서는 균일부식이 발생하는 저합금강의 노출면적에 따른 부식속도의 변화를 관찰하고 이에 대한 원인을 규명하고자 하였다. 다양한 표면적을 지닌 동일한 저합금강 시편의 부식속도를 전기 화학적 임피던스 분광법, 직선분극저항 측정법, 동전위 분극 시험법을 이용하여 산출하였다. 또한 전자주사현미경, X선 광전자 분광법 및 X선 전자탐침 미량분석을 이용하여 표면분석을 실시하였다. 전기화학적 시험 결과 모든 시험법에서 시편의 크기가 증가할수록 부식속도가 높게 산출되었으며, 표면분석을 통해 망간과 황으로 구성된 화합물이 존재하는 영역에서 우선적으로 부식이 발생하며, 이 화합물과 철 또는 구리 산화물이 소양극-대음극의 미세 갈바닉 셀을 구성함을 확인하였다. 이러한 효과는 시편 크기에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 국부적인 부식이 우선적으로 발생한 후, 부식생성물이 표면을 덮게 되어 점차 균일부식의 형태로 전환하게 된다.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.82-88
• /
• 2011

A uniform chromium-free conversion coating treated with an alkaline phosphate- permanganate solution was formed on the AZ 31 magnesium alloy. The effect of acid pickling on the morphology and on the corrosion resistance of the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion coating was investigated. The chemical composition and phase structure of conversion coating layer were determined via optical microscopy, SEM, EDS, XPS and XRD. Results show that the conversion coatings are relatively uniform and continuous, with thickness 1.8 to $2.4\;{\mu}m$. The alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion coating was mainly composed of elements Mg, O, P, Al and Mn. The conversion-coated layers were stable compounds of magnesium oxide and spinel ($MgAl_2O_4$). These compounds were excellent inhibitors to corrosion. The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of coatings in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solutions were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization technique. EIS results showed a polarization resistance of $0.1\;k{\Omega}$ for the untreated Mg and $16\;k{\Omega}$ for the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion treatment sample, giving an improvement of about 160 times. The results of the electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the corrosion resistance of the AZ 31 magnesium alloy was improved by the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion treatment.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.212-219
• /
• 2019

This paper reviews recent approaches to develop composite polymer-containing coatings by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) using various low-molecular fractions of superdispersed polytetrafluoroethylene (SPTFE). The features of the unique approaches to form the composite polymer-containing coating on the surface of MA8 magnesium alloy were summarized. Improvement in the corrosion and tribological behavior of the polymer-containing coating can be attributed to the morphology and insulating properties of the surface layers and solid lubrication effect of the SPTFE particles. Such multifunctional coatings have high corrosion resistance ($R_p=3.0{\times}10^7{\Omega}cm^2$) and low friction coefficient (0.13) under dry wear conditions. The effect of dispersity and ${\xi}$-potential of the nanoscale materials ($ZrO_2$ and $SiO_2$) used as electrolyte components for the plasma electrolytic oxidation on the composition and properties of the coatings was investigated. Improvement in the protective properties of the coatings with the incorporated nanoparticles was explained by the greater thickness of the protective layer, relatively low porosity, and the presence of narrow non-through pores. The impedance modulus measured at low frequency for the zirconia-containing layer (${\mid}Z{\mid}_{f=0.01Hz}=1.8{\times}10^6{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$) was more than one order of magnitude higher than that of the PEO-coating formed in the nanoparticles-free electrolyte (${\mid}Z{\mid}_{f=0.01Hz}=5.4{\times}10^4{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$).

• Nano
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.1850127.1-1850127.13
• /
• 2018

Bi metal deposited on $Bi_2MoO_6$ composite photocatalysts have been successfully synthesized via a simple reduction method at room temperature with using $NaBH_4$ as the reducing agent. The photocatalytic activity of the composite was evaluated by degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and bisphenol A (BPA) solution under visible light. The rate constant of $Bi/Bi_2MoO_6$ composite to RhB is 10.8 times that of $Bi_2MoO_6$, and the degradation rate constant of BPA is 6.9 times of that of $Bi_2MoO_6$. Nitrogen absorption-desorption isotherm proved that the increase of specific surface area is one of the reasons for the improvement of photocatalytic degradation activity of $Bi/Bi_2MoO_6$ composites. The higher charge transfer efficiency of $Bi/Bi_2MoO_6$ is found through the characterization of the photocurrent and impedance, which are attributed to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect produced by the introduction of the metal Bi monomer in the composite. Free radical capture experiments proved that cavitation is the main active species. Based on the above conclusions, a possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation is proposed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 리튬이온전지 음극활물질로 용매를 사용하여 석유계 피치로 코팅된 인조 흑연의 전기화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 용매로는 n-hexane, toluene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), quinoline이 사용되었다. 제조된 음극소재는 SEM, TEM을 사용하여 코팅 특성을 확인하였으며, 1.0 M $LiPF_6$ (EC:DEC=1:1 vol%) 전해액에서 리튬이차전지의 초기 충 방전, 사이클, 순환전압전류 및 임피던스 테스트를 통해 전기화학적 성능을 조사하였다. 합성된 인조 흑연의 코팅 두께는 약 100-500 nm이며, THF 용매를 사용하여 코팅된 흑연은 다른 용매를 사용하였을 때보다 매끄러운 표면을 가짐을 알 수 있었으며, 또한 낮은 초기 비가역용량(51 mAh/g), 높은 방전용량(360 mAh/g)과 높은 쿨롱 효율(99%)을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.22-28
• /
• 2019

To maximize the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the electrolysis of water, nano-grade $IrO_2$ powder with a low specific surface was prepared as a catalyst for a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) system, and a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was prepared with a catalyst loading as low as $2mg\;cm^{-2}$ or less. The $IrO_2$ catalyst was composed of heterogeneous particles with particle sizes ranging from 20 to 70 nm, having a specific surface area of $3.8m^2g^{-1}$. The anode catalyst layer of about $5{\mu}m$ thickness was coated on the membrane (Nafion 117) for the MEA by the decal method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed strong adhesion at the interface between the membrane and the catalyst electrode. Although the loading of the $IrO_2$ catalyst was as low as $1.1-1.7mg\;cm^{-2}$, the SPE cell delivered a voltage of 1.88-1.93 V at a current density of $1A\;cm^{-2}$ and operating temperature of $80^{\circ}C$. That is, it was observed that the over-potential of the cell for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) decreased with increasing $IrO_2$ catalyst loading. The electrochemical stability of the MEA was investigated in the electrolysis of water at a current density of $1A\;cm^{-2}$ for a short time. A voltage of ~2.0 V was maintained without any remarkable deterioration of the MEA characteristics.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.373-383
• /
• 2021

The effect of Cr addition to high Mn steel on flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) behavior in a neutral aqueous environment was evaluated. For comparison, two types of conventional ferritic steels (API X70 steel and 9% Ni steel) were used. A range of experiments (electrochemical polarization and impedance tests, weight loss measurement, and metallographic observation of corrosion scale) were conducted. This study showed that high Mn steel with 3% Cr exhibited the highest resistance to FAC presumably due to the formation of a bi-layer scale structure composed of an inner Cr enriched Fe oxide and an outer Mn substituted partially with Fe oxide on the surface. Although the high Mn steels had the lowest corrosion resistance at the initial corrosion stage due to rapid dissolution kinetics of Mn elements on their surface, the kinetics of inner scale (i.e. Cr enriched Fe oxide) formation on Cr-bearing high Mn steel was faster in dynamic flowing condition compared to stagnant condition. On the other hand, the corrosion scales formed on API X70 and 9% Ni steels did not provide sufficient anti-corrosion function during the prolonged exposure to dynamic flowing conditions.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.434-444
• /
• 2022

Corrosion inhibitors based on Zn-Al hydrotalcites containing benzoate (ZnAlHB) with different molar ratios of Zn/Al were prepared with a co-precipitation process. Compositions and structures of the resulting hydrotalcites were studied with suitable spectroscopic methods such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and surface zeta potential measurements, respectively. Results of physico-chemical studies showed that crystallite sizes, compositions of products, and surface electrical properties were significantly changed when the molar ratio of Zn/Al was increased. The release of benzoate from hydrotalcites also differed slightly among samples. Anticorrosion abilities of hydrotalcites intercalated with benzoate at a concentration of 3 g/L on carbon steel were analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), polarization curve, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and SEM. Corrosion inhibition abilities of benzoate modified hydrotalcites in 0.1 M NaCl showed an upward trend with increasing Zn/Al ratio. The reason for the dependence of corrosion resistance on the Zn/Al ratio was discussed, including changes in the microstructure of hydrotalcites such as crystal size, density, uniformity, and formation of ZnO.