• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2011

As part of an ongoing search for natural plants with antioxidant compounds by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), a total extract of the twigs of Galium spurium L. (Rubiaceae) was found to show potent antioxidant activity. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation of nine compounds, asperulosidic acid methyl ester (1), asperuloside (2), caffeic acid (3), kaempferol-3-O-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-[${\alpha}$-Lrhamnopyranosyl($1{\rightarrow}6$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside] (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-[${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl($1{\rightarrow}6$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside] (8), and quercetin (9). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1, 3-8 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among them, compounds 3 and 9 showed the significant radical scavenging effects on DPPH, and compounds 3 and 7 showed the potent riboflavin originated superoxide quenching activities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 1998

Bupleury radix has been used for the treatment of fever, liver disease, inflammation in traditional medicine. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Bupleury radix aqua-acupuncture solution (BRAS) in vitro. Oxygen derived free radicals produced in the course of normal aerobic life, such as superoxide anion radical($O_2^-$ ), hydroxyl radicaI( OH), hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) and singlet oxygen($^1O_2$) can attack polyunsaturated fatty acid in cell membranes, enzymes, other cell compounds, and give rise to lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, lipofuscin accumulation, structure alteration of cell membrane and cell death. In this study, antioxidant effects of BRAS on lipid peroxidation were determined according to the method of TBA. BRAS inhibited markedly peroxidation of linoleic acid during the autoxidation, and also inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radical derived from $H_2O_2-Fe^{2+}$ in rat liver homogenate. And BRAS showed 30% scavenging effect on DPPH radical, also exhibited a 30% inhibitory effect on superoxide generation from xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. In addition, BRAS protected the cell death induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP) and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell(Ac2F).

• 약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.258-268
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• 2001

Garlic has been known to be effective against the gastrointestinal diseases which can be induced by production of oxygen-derived free radical. It has been shown that bamboo salt is effective on the treatment and prevention of various gastrointestinal disorders. Bamboo salt is a processed salt invented by a Korean, ll-Hoon Kim. It has been reported that garlic and bamboo-salt are useful to the treatment of gastric disorders in Korea. To clarify the protective mechanism of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture, the gas-tropathy was induced in rats with alcohol-salicylate and the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes were examined. In this study, we found that the garlic-bamboo salt mixture reduced the severity of hemorrhagic lesion in gastric mucosa in the rats. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) were significnatly increased and the total content of GSH was recovered. From those results, we concluded that the protective effect of the garlic-bamboo salt mixture on gastropathy in rats is its ability to recover the level of GSH and to increase the activities of the free radical scavenging enzymes (SOD, GPx, GR).

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2001

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of Cordyceps Sinensis (CS) and Cordyceps Militaris (CM) on anti oxidation in the livers of ${CCl_4}-treated$ rats. Methods : Hepatotoxicity in rats was induced by carbon tetracWoride. $CCl_4-induced$ rats were administered with the extract of CS and CM. Results : In vitro, CS and CM didn't affect levels of lipid peroxide and the activities and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase. However, hydroxyl radicals and DPPHL radicals were decreased. In vivo, in the ${CCl_4}-treated$ rats, lipid peroxide, the activities and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and superoxide radicals were increased but superoxide dismutase was decreased. After CS and CM were administered to ${CCl_4}-treated$ rats, levels of lipid peroxide, the activities and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and superoxide radicals were decreased but superoxide dismutase was increased. Conclusions : These results suggest that CS and CM decrease the activities of free-radical-generating enzymes which form lipid peroxide and increase the activities of oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2008

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide anion scavenging activity, in vitro antilipid peroxidation activity and in vitro non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation were studied. The results obtained in the study indicate that Cleome rutidosperma is a potential source of natural antioxidant. All the parameters were found to be concentration dependent and increased with increasing amounts of sample. Flavonoids, phenolic compound like tannins, terpenoids may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant. Variation of solubility parameters in various models may be attributed to non-linearity of activity of ethanol extract fractions models. Further investigation on the isolation and identification of antioxidant component(s) in the plant may lead to chemical entities with potential for clinical use.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2010

갓김치로부터 분리된 유산균 5종(Lactobacillus acidophilus GK20, Lactobacillus brevis GK55, Lactobacillus paracasei GK74, Lactobacillus plantarum GK81, 및 Leuconostoc mesenteroides GK104)의 활성산소종에 대한 저항성 및 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. Hydrogen peroxide (0.5 mM)와 반응 5시간후 L. acidophilus GK20, L. brevis GK55, L. paracasei GK74 및 L. plantarum GK81들은 50% 이상의 생존율을 보였으며, superoxide anions에 의한 저해율은 L. acidophilus GK20와 L. paracasei GK74가 가장 낮았고, hydroxyl radical과의 반응에서는 L. paracasei GK74와 L. plantarum GK81이 가장 안정하였다. 한편, L. plantarum GK81는 실험 균주 중 가장 높은 DPPH 소거능($70.8{\pm}10.1%$)을 나타내었는데, 세포(IC)보다는 세포추출물(ICFE)의 활성이 더 높았다. 또한 L. plantarum GK81의 ICFE는 다른 균주들에 비해 높은 superoxide radical 소거능을 보였고, 이 균주의 IC와 ICFE에 의한 환원력은 BHA와 vitamin C보다 유의적으로 더 높게 나타났으며, L.paracasei GK74 IC의 환원력도 vitamin C와 비슷한 수준으로 나타났다. L. brevis GK55, L. paracasei GK74 및 L.mesenteroides GK104 IC의 $Fe^{2+}$-chelating 활성은 30% 이상이었고, L. plantarum GK81의 ICFE는 45% 이상의 활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 실험 균주 중 L. plantarum GK81은 다른 균들에 비해 ROS에 대해 비교적 안정하고, 항산화 활성도 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2016

본 연구는 제주에서 자생하는 산박하(Isodon inflexus (Thunb.) Kudo, I. inflexus (Thunb.) Kudo )의 80% 메탄올 추출물과 분획물, 그리고 분리 물질인 henryin의 항산화능 및 항염증에 관하여 조사한 것이다. 항산화 효과는 DPPH 라디칼 소거, xanthine oxidase 억제 및 superoxide radical 소거 활성 측정을 통하여 수행할 수 있는데, 산박하 추출물의 효능을 측정한 결과 superoxide radical 소거 활성에서 에틸아세테이트 분획물과 부탄올 분획물의 $IC_{50}$값이 각각 $0.9{\mu}g/mL$, $0.2{\mu}g/mL$로 대조군인 allopurinol ($2.2{\mu}g/mL$)에 비해 우수한 억제 효능을 나타내었다. RAW 264.7 세포주를 사용한 항염 효능 평가에서, 에틸아세테이트 분획물이 강한 NO 억제 효과를 나타내었고, 이 분획으로부터 순수 분리하여 구조 동정된 물질인 henryin 역시 농도 의존적으로 NO 억제시킴을 확인하였다. 특히, 에틸아세테이트 분획물과 henryin은 iNOS, COX-2와 염증관련 cytokine인 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$의 mRNA 발현을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였다. 이상의 결과들로부터 산박하 에틸아세테이트 추출물이 항산화 및 항염증 효능을 갖는 화장품 원료로서 개발 가능성이 있고 henryin은 기능성 지표물질로 활용될 수 있음이 시사되었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2006

본 연구는 곰취 추출물의 항산화, 지질과산화 억제 및 자외선 조사에 의해 유도된 MMP-1 발현에 대한 영향을 사람 섬유아세포를 이용하여 확인하였다 곰취의 DPPH와 superoxide radical 소거효과는 처리농도가 증가함에 따라 농도 의존적으로 소거효과를 나타냈으며, 각각 5mg/mL에서 82.3%와 79.3%로 DPPH와 superoxide radical을 소거하여 우수한 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. 곰취 추출물의 지질과산화 억제효과는 $500{\mu}g/mL$에서 97.0%로 지질과산화 억제효과도 우수하게 나타났다. 또한 자외선에 의해 증가된 사람 섬유아세포의 MMP-1 단백질 발현양은 곰취 추출물을 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 농도를 처리함으로써 약 35%로 감소되었다. 곰취 추출물은 항산화 효과, 지질과산화 억제효과 및 자외선 조사에 의해 유도되는 MMP-1 단백질 발현량을 조절하는 기능을 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 곰취는 항산화, 지질과산화 억제 및 자외선에 의해 유도되는 MMP-1 발현을 저해함으로써 항노화 소재로써 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2010

본 연구는 늙은호박, 단호박 및 애호박을 다양한 탄수화물 분해효소로 소화하여 조제한 효소가수분해물의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 조회분, 조단백질 및 조섬유는 애호박이 높았으며, 탄수화물은 단호박이 높았고, 조지방은 서로 비슷하였다. 애호박 분말의 모든 효소처리군의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 늙은호박과 단호박의 가수분해물에 비하여 좀 더 높았다. 애호박 분말의 AMG와 Termamyl 소화로 조제된 효소가수분해물의 DPPH 유리기 소거활성 또한 늙은호박 및 단호박에 비하여 매우 높게 나타났다. 한편, Visozyme 처리 가수분해물을 제외한 늙은호박과 단호박의 대부분 가수분해물은 애호박보다 더 높은 superoxide anion 소거활성을 나타내었다. 애호박 가수분해물(Ultraflo 예외)의 hydrogen peroxide 소거활성은 다른 호박의 효소 분해물 보다 약간 높았으나, hydroxyl radical 소거활성은 모든 호박 품종에서 14% 미만으로 낮았다. Nitric oxide 소거활성은 단호박 및 애호박의 Viscozyme 분해물에서 매우 효과적이었으며, 다른 효소가수분해물의 경우에도 BHT보다는 낮았으나 $\alpha$-tocopherol보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.76-96
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of Jogantanggagambang(JGTG). Methods: In the study of anti-oxidant activities, JGTG was investigated by DPPH radical scavenger activity, superoxide dismutase activity and superoxide anion radical scavenger activity. In the study of anti-inflammatory effects, JGTG was investigated using cultured cells and murine models. As for the parameters of inflammation, levels of several inflammatory cytokines and chemical mediators which are known to be related to inflammation were measured in mouse lung fibroblast cells(mLFCs) and RAW264.7 cells. Results: 1. JGTG showed a safety in cytotoxicity and toxicity of liver. 2. JGTG effected scavenging activity on DPPH free radical, superoxide dismutase and superoxide anion radical. 3. JGTG in RAW 264.7 cell decreased IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA expression, IL-6 mRNA expression, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression at 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and also decreased NOS-II mRNA expression at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and decreased COX-2 mRNA expression at 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 4. JGTG in RAW 264.7 cell decreased significantly IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ at 50, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. 5. JGTG inhibited significantly IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ production in serum of acute inflammation-induced mice. 6. JGTG decreased significantly IL-$1{\beta}$ mRNA production in spleen tissue. Conclusion: These results suggest that JGTG can be used for treating diverse female diseases caused by inflammation