• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.46-50
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• 2019

The photovoltaic (PV) system consists of solar cells, solar modules, inverters and peripherals. The related evaluation and certification are proceeding as standards published by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) TC (Technical Committee) 82. In particular, PV module is a component that requires stable durability over 20 years, and evaluation in various external environments is very important. Currently, IEC 61215-based standards are being tested, but temperature, humidity, wind and solar radiation conditions are not considered in all areas. For this reason, various types of defects may occur depending on the installation area of the same photovoltaic module. In particular, the domestic climate (South Korea) is moderate. The various test methods proposed by IEC 61215 are appropriate, excessive, or insufficient, depending on environmental condition. In this paper, we analyze the climate data collection for one year to understand the vulnerability of this test method of PV modules. Through this, we propose a test method for PV module suitable for domestic climatic conditions and also propose a technical consideration for installation and design of PV system.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.153-158
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• 2017

Procurement system of public construction projects in Japan is changing with diversity in rapid pace. The quality assurance and risk management of construction projects should be more certain as the projects are turning into larger scale and more complexed. The clients in the public sector will want to make the relation of responsibility among the client, the designer (architects and engineers), and contractor clearer in terms of role and risk. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is one of the methods for collaboration of the public sector and the private sector in public construction projects where the public utilizes the ability and suggestion of the private. Private Finance Initiative (PFI), Design-Build-Operate (DBO), market testing, designated manager system, outsourcing of tasks in local governments are well-known as examples of PPP in Japan. Indeed, there is an obvious trend that Design-Build (DB) is adopted in public construction projects in many countries including Japan. In this paper, the public construction projects in various procurement systems are surveyed and analyzed. They are not limited within the traditional procurement, Design-bid-Build, a separate order system of design and construction. Design-Build or PFI are adopted. In particular, contract by wide range including maintenance of equipment can be found. On the other hand, modification from originally typical PFI is taking place, such as concept design and project finance are removed from the roles and the tasks of the special purpose company (SPC) in PFI. Standard roles and tasks in a construction project are modeled in this paper.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.191-197
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• 2024

Software reuse gives the meaning for rapid software development and the quality of the software. Most of the Java components/libraries open-source are available only in Java Archive (JAR) file format. When a software design enters into the development process, the developer needs to select necessary JAR files manually via analyzing the given software architecture and related JAR files. This paper proposes an automated approach, JarBot, to suggest all the necessary JAR files for given software architecture in the development process. All related JAR files will be downloaded from the internet based on the extracted information from the given software architecture (class diagram). Class names, method names, and attribute names will be extracted from the downloaded JAR files and matched with the information extracted from the given software architecture to identify the most relevant JAR files. For the result and evaluation of the proposed system, 05 software design was developed for 05 well-completed software project from GitHub. The proposed system suggested more than 95% of the JAR files among expected JAR files for the given 05 software design. The result indicated that the proposed system is suggesting almost all the necessary JAR files.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2021

Small libraries have continued to be extended since 2013 enactment of regulations requiring establishment of small libraries in multi family housing complex not less than 500 households and the 'Living SOC Project' of national government. Gwangmyeong city designated the year of 2020 as the 'year of citizen autonomy' sharing the authority with citizens and publicly announced its plan to rapidly extend the living and cultural spaces as a part of that extension. Likewise, as the social environment and the need of users are expected to change, it seems that the small libraries in Gyangmyeong City must prepare a plan for practicing a long and mid term practices in responding to that change. Thus, this Study tries to make a suggestion for a plan for the policy for revitalization of small libraries in order to handle those changing social environment and the need of users. For this, a survey and in-depth group interview were conducted for the operators of the small libraries in Gyangmyeong City. As a result of this Study, the following policies are suggested: first, improvement of support system for improving operational system, strengthening of cooperative system of public libraries, and strengthening of role of public small libraries, strengthening of public characters of private small libraties and differentiated support through evaluation based on abilities; and second, it is necessary for utilization of circulating librarians and professional volunteers, sharing of materials through mutual lending of books, associate librarians having term of office and revitalization of small library conference by regions.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.107-118
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• 1997

The Upper Fenhe Reservoir System studied by KOWACO to supply water to Taiyuan City, capital of Shanxi Province in China, is a very complicated one. Many reservoirs will be connected serially and it will be operated as a multi-purpose and multi-criteria system because several objectives and appraisal functions are taken into account regarding system operation. For reservoirs in the system, the critical system operation objectives are to minimize water shortage and reservoir sediment. Furthermore the reservoir system will be jointed with a large-scale pumping system, namely Yellow River Diversion Project. The water development cost in the Yellow River Diversion Project is much higher than that of reservoir system, and around the year 2020 the diversion volume will be twice of the surface water available in the Upper Fenhe Basin. In this study, an optimization technique for connecting the system of reservoirs and pumping station was developed to solve a conjunctive low River Diversion Project. The developed scheme includes a suggestion on the combining methodology of real reservoir system and pumping system using imaginary reservoir concept for the Yellow River Diversion Project, and practical examples to the minimization problem of the Yellow River diversion satisfying other reservoir operation objectives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.455-458
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• 2007

With the government plan to introduce a post-sale system to the Korean real estate market quickly becoming a reality, reformation of the supervision policy under the current pre-sale system is expected. The current supervision policy, designed to enhance the quality of houses and to prevent improper construction, was reinforced through the 'residential construction promotion act' and has been further revised as the 'residential law'. At this current time, the introduction of a post-sale system is expected to affect all aspects of residential construction, from the planning stages to overall conditions regarding the actual construction. Therefore, this research will illustrate several changes in the supervision policy that are expected to arise from the introduction of the post-sale system, focusing on areas of the policy that are presumed to be the most affected. The research will highlight problems under the current system, analyze any domestic supervision restrictions that have been regulated for post-sales that are currently effective, and suggestion methods of improvement in construction supervision system through SWOT analysis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 1989

Natural killer (NK) cells are a heteroguneous subpopulation of lymphocytes that spontaneously exhibit cytotoxic activity against various virus-Infected and neoplastic target cells without prior exposure to a specific antigen. It was thought that NK calls play an important role in immunosurvrillanre against viral agents and tumors, and in prevention of metastasis. Recently, several reports have indicated evidence that ginseng extracts show a significant stimulatory effect on the humoral and cellular immune responses. This evidence gives support to the suggestion that the anticarcinogenic effect of ginseng may be due to the effect of ginseng on the immunological system. Treatment with total, diol, and triol saponin resulted in an increase in NK cytotoxic activity, but no enhancement of the lytic activity due to the natural killer cytotoxic factor (NKCF). Therefore, these results suggest that the augmentation of NK activity by ginseng saponin fractions may not be due to the activation of NKCF lytic activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.77-84
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• 2003

Deep excavations in the urban areas have been frequently going on in large scale. Soil-nailing and Earth-anchor supporting methods are generally used in deep excavation. These construction methods cause ground disturbances during drilling process, and damages of adjacent structures and ground due to the differential settlement throughout construction period, and unexpected behaviors of supporting system according to the characteristics of drilling machine and ground condition. This article introduces two actual examples of adjacent deep excavation for the construction of university buildings in granitic Seoul area. The important results of construction and measurements obtained using Crawler drilling machine for Soil-nailing and Earth-anchor supporting methods are summarized. And some suggestions are given to improve and develop the technique of design and construction in the deep excavation projects having similar ground condition and supporting method.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.2928-2933
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• 2011

The urban railway has been planned not only the subway, but also the elevated railway in Seoul, South Korea. Therefore, it is steadily increasing civil complaints for railway noise passing through that residential district. In this paper, we focused on noise of squeal characteristics induced by interaction between railway vehicle's wheel and rail. Then we selected the point that carried out scattering water droplet to the rail and compared the noise level of the watering test results before and after. Scattering water test results showed that level of the noise reduced intermittently occurring high frequency characteristics of squeal noise as well as overall noise level. In the future, we will apply the sensor to the sprinkling system for noise reduction where the place of existing squeal noise is, and make a suggestion of this solution will be more economical, environmental-friendly, and appropriate to reduce the squeal noise occurred by railway vehicle than others.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

Diseases of cranial nerves are one of the most difficult illnesses to be treated because of the fact that diseases are hardly detected in early stage. As the nation is becoming an aging society, there is an increasing number of the patient who has diseases of cranial nerves. So a lot of healthcare facilities is in the middle of having a preparation for medical center providing adequate medical service to the patient suffering from diseases of cranial nerves. However, it is extremely difficult to define what the specialized medical center is. It is necessary to give an architectural suggestion of the specialized medical center in response to the proposal of healthcare system for successful operation. Therefore this study aims to suggest the composition and the area of the medical center on neuroscience.