• 한국철학논집
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• 제43호
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• pp.81-105
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• 2014

다서(茶書)가 드믄 우리나라에서 초의선사(艸衣禪師)의 '동다송(東茶頌)'은 위상이 대단하다. "동다송"은 이목(李穆: 1471~1498)의 "다부(茶賦)", 이덕리(李德履: 1728~?)의 "기다(記茶)"와 함께 세 봉우리를 이룬다. 이들 다서는 모두 육우(陸羽)의 "다경(茶經)"을 바탕으로 한다. "다경"의 위치를 기(起)라 할 때, "다부"는 승(承), "기다"는 전(轉), "동다송"은 결(結)에 비할 수 있다. "동다송"은 "다신전(茶神傳)"과 떼려야 뗄 수 없는 관계에 있다. "다신전"은 장원(張源)의 "다록(茶錄)"을 초록한 것이다. "다신전"의 핵심 주제어는 바로 '다신(茶神)'이다. 초의는 "다록" "다록"의 핵심 개념을 자기 관점으로 뽑아 자신의 다도철학을 수립하였다. 또 자신의 철학으로 만드는 과정에서 한국사상의 전통 가운데 하나인 '묘합(妙合)'의 원리를 이끌어 체계를 다시 짰다. 한국사상은 정신과 물질을 분리시켜 보지 않는 데 특징이 있다. 정신과 물질은 엄연히 다른 것임에도 이것을 갈라서 보지 않은 것이 이른바 '묘합'이다. 둘이면서 하나이고 하나이면서 둘인 관계가 묘합이다. 초의의 다도철학은 한국사상의 전통을 잘 계승한 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2004

The main objective of this research is to investigate the color coordination types and their characteristics of contemporary female fashion by reviewing 'pre-a-porter Collections' of four collections (i.e., cities) - Paris, Milan, New York, London - from the periods of 2000 S/S to 2002/3 A/W. Through the review of various books and articles written on the subject, the color coordination types and their characteristics were categorized and defined. The data was collected by reviewing 'pre-a-porter Collections' magazine and total 4,269 observations were made. These in turn were categorized into eight color coordination and three color tone categories through the content analysis. Frequency analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings are as follows; First of all, there were 8 observable color coordination categories in contemporary women's fashion. The most used color coordination was chromatic & achromatic color coordination. It was followed by chromatic identical, and then by achromatic identical color coordination. These three color coordinations were the majority, comprizing 73.4％ of the total. The rest were in the order of complementary, gradation, similarity, accent. And the most used tone type was contrasting tone and followed by similar and identical. Next, the analysis of each coordination categories shows that; The chromatic identical coordination focused on presenting its own unity or break it using the contrasting color tone. Meanwhile, the achromatic identical coordination project a clean and strong feeling through black and white combination or a subtle feeling through the different material combination. The chromatic & achromatic coordination showed strong colors and contrasting tones of clear and bright colors. Meanwhile, the characteristics of complementary coordinations are that these coordinations seem to free the colors and show the subtle changes in tones very clearly. The gradation coordination was used to create a cool and lively feeling. Next, the similarity coordination seems to create feminine and warm feeling by taking advantage of similar color feelings, often through the use of warm to warm, cool to cool color matching. Lastly, the accent coordination, through the use of contrasting tones emphasizes the differences in colors, while separation coordination mostly uses black and white on various color coordinations.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2008

The main objective of this research was to investigate the characteristics of achromatic & chromatic color coordination of contemporary female fashion by reviewing 'pre-a-porter Collections' of four collections (i. e. cities) - Paris, Milan, New York, London - from the periods of 2002 S/S to 2006/7 A/W. The data was collected by reviewing 'pre-a-porter Collections' magazine and total 677 observations were made. Statistical analysis of frequency and also qualitative interpretation of achromatic & chromatic color coordination characteristics were completed. The main findings were; (1) The achromatic & chromatic color coordination was identified as one of most used color coordination in contmeporary women's fashion collections. (2) Black and white mainly used for achromatic color, and brown used the most often, then followed by blue, red, yellow, green and the others for chromatic color in achromatic & chromatic coordination of contmeporary women's fashion collections. (3) The characteristics of achromatic & chromatic color coordination of modern women's fashion collections from 2002 S/S to 2006/07 A/W showed various images according to chromatic colors and tone variation. The combination of achromaticand brown color variations produced an intelligent and sophisticated image. The soft or light chromatic color and chromatic color combination projected soft, feminine and subtle feeling, while the combination of vivid or strong chromatic color and achromatic color projected a clean and strong feeling through contrasting tones of clear and bright colors. The chromatic color of deep or dark tone and black combination demonstrated supernatural and gloomy image. (4)In all four collections, Paris showed most use of two color coordination and then followed by Milan, N.Y, and London. N.Y showed higher rate of using achromatic & chromatic color coordination, and then followed by Paris, London and Milan.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.349-361
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• 2002

The ill-posed elliptic wave propagation problems can be transformed into well-posed initial value problems of the reflection and transmission operators characterizing the material structure of the given model by the combination of wave field splitting and invariant imbedding methods. In general, the derived scattering operator equations are of first-order in range, nonlinear, nonlocal, and stiff and oscillatory with a subtle fixed and movable singularity structure. The phase space and path integral analysis reveals that construction and reconstruction algorithms depend crucially on a detailed symbol analysis of the scattering operators. Some information about the singularity structure of the scattering operator symbols is presented and analyzed in the transversely homogeneous limit.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2018

This paper presents a new, efficient hybrid photonic-plasmonic structure. The proposed structure efficiently and with very high accuracy combines the resonant mode of a low-mode-volume photonic-crystal nanocavity with a bowtie nanoantenna's plasmonic resonance. The resulting enormous enhancement of light intensity of about $1.1{\times}10^7$ in the gap region of the bowtie nanoantenna, due to the effective optical-resonance combination, is realized by subtle optimization of the nanocavity's optical characteristics. This coupled structure holds great promise for many applications relying on strong confinement and enhancement of optical field in nanoscale volumes, including antennas (communication and information), optical trapping and manipulation, sensors, data storage, nonlinear optics, and lasers.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.165-170
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• 2011

A large number of seismic isolation systems have been developed since the early 1970s. They are basically a combination of elastomeric bearing and energy dissipators. The investigation described in this paper analyzes shear property and the frequency dependence of Lead Rubber Damper(LRD). Lead Rubber Damper is similar in shape and performance property to Lead Rubber Bearing. Experimental condition ranges from 20 to 200% in share strain and from 0.1 to 1.0Hz in frequency. When the shear strain is increased, effective stiffness and damping ratio are decreased. When the frequency is increased, change of the behavior characteristic is subtle.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1388-1395
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• 2020

Daily monitoring of the heart rate can facilitate detection of heart-related diseases in their early stages. Therefore, providing an easy-to-use and noninvasive heart rate monitoring system has been a very popular research topic in the field of healthcare. One of good candidate methods is to use commonly available cameras and extract information that can help to estimate heart rate from a human face. Generally, such information can be retrieved using two different approaches: photoplethysmography (PPG) and ballistocardiography (BCG). PPG exploits slight color changes caused by blood volume variations during heartbeats; thus, it tends to be vulnerable to unstable lighting conditions. BCG exploits subtle head motions caused by pumped blood travelling through the carotid artery during heartbeats; thus, it is vulnerable to the voluntary head movements that are not related to heartbeats. Nevertheless, most related works use either to estimate the heart rate. In this paper, we propose to combine two approaches to be robust to challenging conditions. Specifically, we explore possible ways to combine raw signals obtained from two approaches and verify that the proposed combination shows better accuracies under challenging conditions, such as voluntary head movements and ambient lighting changes.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.438-444
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 애니메이션 캐릭터의 표정 연출의 효율성을 높이기 위해 정서 상태의 변화에 따라 다양하고 주어진 상황에 부합하는 표정을 쉽게 구현할 수 있는 표정생성 프로그램을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 우선, Russell의 내적 정서 상태의 차원 모형을 근거로 쾌-불쾌, 각성-비각성의 내적 정서 상태 정보를 포함한 9가지 표정을 정의하였다. 그리고 각각의 표정에 대해 본 연구에서 제안한 표정생성 프로그램을 이용하여 두 차원의 중앙에 위치하는 무표정 자극을 8가지의 가능한 표정 변화 방향으로 이동시킴으로써 정서 차원에서의 미묘한 위치 변화에 따라서도 다양한 표정 생성이 구현될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 향후 이러한 프로그램은 복잡한 정서를 가진 표정을 쉽고 다양하게 구현할 수 있는 표정 자동생성 시스템 설계의 기초적 프로그램으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.355-375
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• 2011

This paper investigates multiple marking of evidentials in Korean. Korean has 4 evidential markers: Present Sensory -ney, Past Sensory -te-, Inference -keyss-, Reported -ay. Korean allows evidential marked more than once in the same clause. Not all the possible combinations of evidential markers are, however, observed in Korean. Only five combinations of evidential markers are allowed: Inference followed by Past Sensory (-keysste-), Inference followed by Present Sensory (-keyssney), Past Sensory followed by Reported (-teray), Inference followed by Reported (-keysstay), Inference followed by Past Sensory and Reported (-keyssteray). Multiple making of evidentials in Korean seems to follow combination restrictions: i) Inference comes before Direct Knowledge, ii) Present Sensory and Reported cannot be marked in the same clause, iii) Reported must come after other evidential markers, iv) Past Sensory and Present Sensory cannot be marked in the same clause. Because of these restrictions, only 5 out of dozens possible multiple evidential marking combinations are observed in Korean. This paper takes inflectional suffixes including evidential markers in Korean as syntatic markers and argues that syntactic markers have their own scope and contribute semantic meaning to the scope not to the full sentence. Evidential markers in double marking have different syntactic scope and add not contradictory but complementary meanings to the preposition to express subtle and delicate evidential-related meanings.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2021

In this study, the reliability of vehicle frames employed in small electric road sweepers was assessed through durability testing. The frames were tested under three conditions, whereby mechanical loads were applied to (1) the entire frame, (2) the front frame, and (3) the rear frame. The strain distributions in the loaded frames were determined through a combination of direct strain gauge measurements and supplementary numerical analysis. While subtle differences were observed between the experimental and numerical analyses, both methods successfully yielded comparable deformation patterns. Thus, the dependence of stress distribution and the state of the frame on loading conditions could be fully identified through our combined structural and numerical analysis.