• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.133-150
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• 1999

In this study, we tried to make histo-genetic analyses necessary to identify epistemological obstacles on the function concepts. Historical development on the function concept was analysed. From these analyses, we obtain epistemological obstacles as follows: the perception of changes in the surrounding world, mathematical philosophy, number concepts, variable concepts, relationships between independent variables and dependent variables, concepts of definitions.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.767-782
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• 2009

The researchers who are studying biology and teachers who are teaching biology think that the genetics-related concepts are highly significant than other concepts in biology. With such background, researches on the identification of major concepts have been under way to guide in biology class. Minimal research has been carried out, however, on what concepts should be taught to achieve the specific objectives of the class in relation to the unit of genetics in middle and high school. Accordingly this study was designed to determine the concepts of genetics that should be taught to achieve the objectives of the genetics unit in secondary school. For this purpose 5 instructional objectives of the genetics unit on the 9th grade and 4 instructional objectives of Biology I were selected and the concepts that were taught to achieve class objectives. The survey was conducted among 114 science teachers from middle schools and 85 biology teachers from high schools. The results indicated that 9.1 and 10.2 concepts on average were taught in the 9th grade and in Biology I respectively. Moreover statistical difference in the number of concepts that were taught according to the teachers' teaching experiences appeared among the middle school teachers (p<.05). But such statistical difference did not appear among the high school teachers (p>.05). Furthermore the concepts for the 9th grade consist of the basic genetics concepts although Biology I concepts were integrated and advanced contents for same concepts. Thus this finding suggests that concepts of genetics units to be taught in middle and high school were in linkage.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.451-461
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• 2015

It was the purpose of this study that propose architectural design process through analysis of concepts considering regional characteristics. The procedure of this study was as follows : First, classifying design process through investigating paper-survey and case studies. And We would investigate representation process of design concepts applied to design competitions entries. Finally, we would investigate design process applied to buildings in various districts. In the results, we could find that domestic architects were applying to site plan, floor plan, elevation plan, section plan and mass plan-led design process to express design concepts. And according to survey on buildings in various districts, we could verify that architects were applying various design process to express design concepts according to site characteristics. These results could help architects to design appropriately, according to site characteristics.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.365-384
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• 2010

This paper is an analysis study where we surveyed how well pre-service teachers understand the mathematical concepts taught in elementary school. We analyzed the results focusing on the following: First, what are the pre-service teachers' understandings of the equal sign and variables? Secondly, how exact are their understandings of other elementary school mathematical concepts? The survey was done on the students in Teachers College of Jeju National University. We hope that the results of this study will help the improvement of mathematical education for elementary pre-service teachers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.75-92
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• 2013

This study investigated the differences and relationships between environmental print reading ability, vocabulary, and print concepts of children at ages 3 and 4. The subjects comprised 90 children, who could not read letters. The Children's Reading Ability of Environmental Print Scale(Son, 2012), Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test(Kim et al., 2009) and Concepts About Print(Kim & Kim, 2004) were used in this study. The collected data were analyzed using t-test and Pearson's correlations. The results of this study were as follows; in terms of Illiterate Korean children, aged 3 to 4 years, their scores on the environmental print reading tasks were positively correlated with vocabulary and print concepts.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.153-160
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• 2016

Purpose - The current distribution enterprises have realized the necessity for integrated and specialized images in their stores. From those reasons, visual merchandising has been considered as a powerful means towards brand value judgement as well as maximizing both brand and corporate identity. This research intends to study and discuss the current situations in Korean visual merchandising and its future concept setting. Based on the research findings, this paper tries to propose the basic concept for development strategies of visual merchandising in Korean distribution market. Although the studies on visual merchandising in Korean traditional markets have been continued, visual merchandisers have been distorted by display control centers in real situations. Therefore, this study tries to set both current and future concepts in visual merchandising for further discussions and a new complement formulation. Research design, data, and methodology - This study has investigated previous studies with the way of normative study by comparing, organizing concepts and relating terms on visual merchandising. In order to be an exact research, it seems to be more appropriate to analyze this study with a deductive analysis way rather than inductive as for getting the core of visual merchandising. Besides, this study changed the term 'visual merchandising' into 'VMD', and used it as an unified one. Results - Visual merchandising has an important key in retail planning. With focusing on organizing visual merchandising concepts, it should be adequate for domestic circumstances because there are various visual merchandising concepts with different perspectives. Thus, it is necessary to establish a concept including modern and Korean features through previous studies and data. Visual merchandising can be defined as followings. It enhances the value of shop images from visual aspects and conveys brand concepts effectively. Its task is to plan and manage products sales by combining three merchandising domains such as interior, display, and merchandising. Conclusions - There are some limitations on setting academic concepts in visual merchandising due to its features as to be taken in the field focused studies. More meaningful case studies should be performed as an area of future studies. Therefore, it is necessary to perform an effectiveness analysis on empirical visual merchandising state and present the course of development.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.650-663
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• 2013

Multidimensional scaling can be used to identify relationships among concepts, revealing the structure of the cognitive framework by measuring distances within perceptual maps. The current study sought to examine the relationships among concepts related to photosynthesis in 2,844 $3^{rd}-11^{th}$ grade science students. The questionnaire included items on 'location,' 'products,' 'reactants,' and 'environmental factors', presenting images related to each theme. Students provided responses corresponding to particular topics, and reported the extent to which the concept was related to the topic on a scale from 1 to 30. The survey results were as follows: first, students were not able to clearly distinguish between or understand the four main topics. Second, students organized their cognitive structures by closely associating related concepts after learning. Third, the presented concepts revealed a mixture of scientific and non-scientific concepts, suggesting that students needed to clearly distinguish the preconceptions through which they organized concepts, so that they are suitable for cognitive structures based on learning. Furthermore, non-scientific concepts within perceptions were consistently maintained throughout learning, affecting the proximity of scientific concepts.

• School Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.571-591
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• 2015

Even though fractions make up one of the most important concepts in the domain of numbers in elementary math, it is difficult to teach or learn them due to their different quantity concepts and notation methods from natural numbers and their various concepts. The didactic transposition of fractions is thus important, and there is a need to examine the didactic concepts of fractions used in the South Korean textbooks for its research. This study compared elementary math textbooks among South Korea, Taiwan, and China and investigated differences in the instructional time and order of fraction concepts in the textbooks according to their didactic concepts and also differences in the instructional methods according to quantitative concepts.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.45 no.2 s.113
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• pp.217-230
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to inquire the building process of Pedagogical Content Knowledge of prospective mathematics teachers about the function concepts. For this purpose, We performed the following steps; First, we performed the survey relaying to the prospective mathematics teachers' teaching experiences, capabilities of their error evaluation of the students, and viewpoints about the function concepts. Second, we performed the survey on the subject-matter knowledge about the function concepts and the key items of designing teaching plans about the function concepts. And then, we interviewed the participants to check the results of the surveys and to supplement the necessary contents. The collected data was relatively correlative and analyzed in the process. As a result, we found the followings; First, subject-matter knowledge of prospective mathematics teachers about the function concepts is different depending on the grades. Second, prospective mathematics teachers are building more extended function concepts through the major subjects. Third, the major subjects are important to build the Pedagogical Content Knowledge of function concepts. Fourth, teaching experience plays an important role in transforming subject-matter knowledge of function concepts to Pedagogical Content Knowledge of it. Fifth, building the Pedagogical Content Knowledge means transferring the teacher's viewpoint from himself/herself to the learner.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2013

This study relates to meta-phenomena in architectural design. Among others, this study aims to interpret and demonstrate the cognitive thoughts and methodological systems in 'autonomy and instrumentality' presented in works of art by positivist architects focusing on diagrams after the second modernity in addition to earlier formal experiments by John Hejduk, Peter Eisenman, Bernard Tschumi, and Daniel Libeskind. In order to achieve these aims, this study approached the mimetic concepts developed by Walter Benjamin and Theodor Adorno. Especially, meta-phenomena in the methods of architectural design were connected to productivity in Adorno's mimetic concepts. Also, in terms of formation and creation of works of art, the mimetic backgrounds of Adorno's theories on aesthetics were identified from features of concepts on the part of formal experiments. The results were systemized methodologically based on meta-phenomena appearing in pure arts and overall architectural design. These were presented as a framework to interpret 'autonomy and instrumentality' that exist in the working of negativity and mimesis. In this way, logics and intuition in architectural design as well as methodological systemization of convergent creativity were proved valid. In conclusion, Adorno's mimetic concepts systemized based on negativity and critical awareness may lead to new concepts. It has been proved that it is valid for security of meta-phenomena of architectural design as a production of autonomous spaces for differences and creation.