• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.62-62
• /
• 2003

It is now convincing that free radical generation is involved in the pathophy siological mechanisms of ischemic stroke, particularly in ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present study, therefore, examined neuroprotective effect of aloesin isolated from Aloe vera, which was known to have antioxidative activity, in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery for 2 hr with a silicone-coated 4-0 nylon monofilament in male Sprague-Dawley rats under isoflurane anesthesia Aloesin (1, 3, 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg/injection) was administered intravenously 3 times at 0.5, 2 and 4 hr after onset of ischemia. Neurological score was measured 24 hr after onset of ischemia immediately before sacrifice. Seven serial coronal slices of the brain were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and infarct size was measured using a computerized image analyzer. Treatment with the close of 1 or 50 mg/kg did not significantly reduce infarct volume compared with the saline vehicle-treated control group. However, treatments with the closes of 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly reduced both infarct volume and edema by approximately 47% compared with the control group, producing remarkable behavioral recovery effect. Treatment with the close of 30 mg/kg also significantly reduced infarct volume to a lesser extent by approximately 33% compared with the control group, but produced similar degree of behavioral recovery effect. In addition, general pharmacological studies showed that aloesin was a quite safe compound. The results suggest that aloesin can serve as a lead chemical for the development of neuroprotective agents by providing neuroprotection against focal ischemic neuronal injury.

• Korean Circulation Journal
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.78-90
• /
• 2024

Background and Objective: We aimed to investigate long-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes, including tricuspid valve durability, annular growth, and left ventricular reverse remodeling, after modified cone reconstruction in patients with Ebstein's anomaly. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients who underwent modified cone reconstruction for Ebstein's anomaly at a single tertiary center between January 2005 and June 2021. Results: A total of 14 pediatric patients underwent modified cone reconstruction for Ebstein's anomaly; the median age was 5.8 years (range, 0.01-16.6). There were three patients (21.4%) with Carpentier type B, ten patients with Carpentier type C (71.4%), and one patient with Carpentier type D (7.1%). There was no early or late mortality, arrhythmia, or readmission for heart failure at a 10-year follow-up. There were no cases of more than mild tricuspid stenosis or more than moderate tricuspid regurgitation during the study period, except for one patient with severe tricuspid regurgitation who underwent reoperation. The z value for tricuspid valve annular size significantly decreased immediately after the operation (2.46 vs. -1.15, p<0.001). However, from 1 year to 7 years after surgery, the z values were maintained between -1 and +1. Left ventricular end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, and stroke volume increased after surgery and remained elevated until seven years postoperatively. Conclusions: Ebstein's anomaly in children can be repaired by modified cone reconstruction with low mortality and morbidity, good tricuspid valve durability, and annular growth relative to somatic growth.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.40-48
• /
• 2008

Purpose : We sought to determine the early change of ventricular geometry and function after concomitant surgeries of modified Dor procedure and mitral valve annuloplasty by using magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods : We enrolled 21 patients with dilated heart failure who underwent modified Dor procedure (n=8), mitral valve annuloplasty (n=6), or both surgeries (n=7). Cine MRI was used to assess left ventricular dimensions and function before and after surgery. We measured the left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes and the dimensions of the left ventricular long-axis and short-axis. Left ventricular stroke volume, ejection fraction, and sphericity index were calculated from these measurements. These parameters were analyzed and compared between three different surgery groups to explain the combined effect of the concomitant surgeries. Results : MRI was performed within average $12\;{\pm}\;15$ days (range 1-58 days) before and $38\;{\pm}\;50$ days (range 7- 231 days) after the surgery. The patients who underwent concomitant surgeries had more profound enlargement of left ventricle and decreased contractility prior to surgery than those in the patients who underwent single surgical procedure. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume and endsystolic volume significantly decreased in all patients regardless of surgery type after surgery. Ejection fraction significantly increased only in the patients who got modified Dor procedure without mitral valve annuloplasty (25.4% to 40.7%). Sphericity index increased in patients with modified Dor procedure but decreased in patients with mitral valve annuloplasty (0.65 to 0.78 vs. 0.75 to 0.65). In the patients who underwent concomitant surgeries showed no significant change in sphericity index after surgery. Conclusion : The early change of the left ventricular geometry and function after the concomitant surgeries with modified Dor procedure and mitral valve annuloplasty in patients with dilated heart failure includes a marked reduction in left ventricular volume and in stroke volume. The shape of the left ventricle does not change because the effect of sphericity index decrease from mitral valve annuloplasty is counteracted by the effect of sphericity index increase from modified Dor procedure. Improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction is not the early change after the concomitant surgeries.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 2014

Progressive dies are used for metal stamping during which multiple operations are performed in a sequence. Material is fed automatically from a coil into the press and advances from one die station to the next with each press stroke. Transfer dies are used in high-volume manufacturing for round, deep-drawn, and medium-to-large parts. Several different operations may be incorporated within a transfer die such as blanking, bending, piercing, trimming, and deep drawing. The main challenge in the current study is how to deform a seat cushion panel meeting the design specifications without any defects. A complex automation die manufacturing technology for the automotive seat cushion panel, mixing both semi-progressive die and transfer die for continuous production, was developed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 1986

Using an isolated rat heart preparation under both aerobic and ischemic condition, we observed the myocardial protective effect of verapamil cardioplegia. Isolated working hearts were subjected to global ischemia at 25oC. Before ischemic arrest, rat hearts were treated with cold potassium cardioplegic solution [K=30 mEq/L] in control group and cold potassium cardioplegic solution added with verapamil [1 mg/L] in other group. After 30 min. of ischemia, hemodynamic parameters and creatine kinase leakage in coronary effluent were observed. Verapamil group exhibited greater percent of recovery in aortic pressure [p<0.01], aortic flow [p<0.01], and stroke volume [p<0.05]. Although there were no significant difference in creatine kinase leakage and the percent recovery of cardiac output between verapamil and control group, verapamil group showed better myocardial function. But the time to recover regular sinus rhythm was significantly [p<0.001] prolonged in verapamil group.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.153-165
• /
• 1999

The transcranial Doppler(TCD) is a technique for measuring blood flow velocity of intracranial and extarcranial arteries. This examination based on Doppler effect which was first formulated in 1842 by the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler. In 1982, Rune Aaslid first maked 2MHz pulsed probe and recording intracranial vessels with transcranially. There are six criteria utilized in gaining positive identification of the intracranial vessels. The six criteria are as follows l)acoustical windows 2)depth of sample volume 3)direction of flow 4)spatial relationship of ACA and MCA bifurcation 5)mean velocity and 6)response common carotid artery compression and/or oscillation test. The affected factors for TCD examination are angle of insonation, posture of subject, age, gender, hematocrit, metabolic factors, and cardiac output. Clinical application of TCD are detection of stenosis, occlusion, emboli, thrombsis in intracranial and extracranial arteries and evaluation of cerebral arterovenous malformation, collateral capacity in the circle of Willis, ischemia cerebrovascular disease, stroke patient and vertebrobasilar system.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 1991

Ventricular assist device(VAD) has been clinically applied as a temporary circulatory sup- porting system in the patients with severe heart failure, but small sized VAD for infant is not available. The purpose of tilis paper is to introdIAce small sized VAD and presents the result of in vitro test. Sejong VAD is diaphragmatic type of pneumatic pump and stroke volume is 11cc. Cardiac outputs of the Sejong VAD were measured by overflow tank under variable conditions of driving parameters. The cardiac output was 1.3 1/min at the heart rate of 120 per minute, left atrial pressure of $15cmH_2O$, percent systole of 43%, driving pressure of 240 mmHg, vacuum pressure of -40 mmHg, and mean aortic pressure of 70 mmHg. No mechanical problem was developed during the continuous in vitro test for 3 months.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 1982

Ventricular assist device(VAD) has been clinically applied as a temporary circulatory sup- porting system in the patients with severe heart failure, but small sized VAD for infant is not available. The purpose of this paper is to introduce small sized VAD and presents the result of in vitro test. Sejong VAD is diaphragmatic type of pneumatic pump and stroke volume is 11cc. Cardiac outputs of the Sejong VAD were measured by overflow tank under variable conditions of driving parameters. The cardiac output was 1.3 1/min at the heart rate of 120 per minute, left atrial pressure of 15cmH2O, percent systole of 43%, driving pressure of 240 mmHg, vacuum pressure of -40 mmHg, and mean aortic pressure of 70 mmHg. No mechanical problem was developed during the continuous in vitro test for 3 months.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.319-324
• /
• 2011

This study aims to investigate statistical variations and relationships of blood pressure (BP), phtotplethysmography (PPG) and cardiovascular parameters on changes in local skin surface temperature (SST) during gradual cooling and heating. Results showed that local SST changes affected the Finometer BP, the PPG waveforms and total peripheral resistance, but not oscillometric BP, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. Therefore, in order to reduce for the errors, temperatures should be controlled or compensated when components of the PPG waveform are used to evaluate cardiovascular status in temperature variation environments.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.170-177
• /
• 1999

PEG-hemoglobin SB1 (SB1), which is a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, is intended to use as a safe blood substitute against brain ischemia and stroke. The general pharmacological profiles of SB1 were studied. The doses given were 0, 5, 10, 20 ml/kg and drugs were administered intravenously. The animals used for this study were mouse, rat and guinea pig. SB1 showed no effects on general behavior, motor coordination, spontaneous locomotor activity, hexobarbital sleeping time, anticonvulsant activity, analgesic activity, blood pressure and heart rate, left ventricular peak systolic pressure, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, left ventricular developing pressure, double product, heart rate, coronary flow rate, smooth muscle contraction using guinea pig ileum, gastrointestinal transport, gastric secretion, urinary volume and electrolyte excretion at all doses tested except the decrease of body temperature. These findings demonstrated that SB1 possesses no general pharmacological effects at all doses tested.