• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1495-1506
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to investigate the formation and the change of apparel retail structure historically with the viewpoint that the retail structure is affected by the process of economic development. This study was done by literature research method and the result of this study is the following. The tailor and seamstress shops, the first clothing shops in Korea, were replaced by ready-made shops, because mass production system which had developed with the industrialization of Korea increased the advantage of economy of scale compared to handicrafts individual one. After that, the production system of apparel industry had been efficient continuously, while retail system had not. The retailing of famous brand apparel conducted by exclusive franchise store caused supplier oriented markets where the opinion and the desire of consumers were not reflected. While the retailing of the unknown brand apparel handled by small retail stores were inefficient. As the apparel industry matured in 1990s, various types of new stores appeared such as specialty stores, discount stores, TV home shopping, internet shopping, outlet malls, and big fashion stores in Dongdeamoon. These new stores have features of seeking profits in mass merchandising. As these large retail stores grow, the apparel retail structure of Korea is changing from a fragmented market to a vertically integrated one. This change is shown by the decrease of stores per inhabitants. With the change of environment, the apparel retail system which has lagged behind comparatively is expected to develop into more efficient system based on the large capital investment which raise the advantage of economy of scale.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1994

We carried out this study by analyzing the annual reports, surveyed by medical college student(Ewha Woman's University) through the medical records of new patients of Su-Dong Myon Health Subcenter from 1982 to 1992, and the specific survey data of 247 in Su-Dong Myon area which consists of 5,454 population and 1,651 household(43.6% farm household), in December, 1993. Results were as follows: 1) The number of population in Su-Dong Myon is 5,265 in 1982, 4,905 in 1984, 4,885 in 1986, 4,820 in 1988, 4,663 in 1990, 5,454 in 1992. 2) Since 1982, the annual utilization rate of a rural health subcenter showed decreasing tendency: such as 609(the highest rate) per 1,000 inhabitants in 1982, 485 in 1984, 525 in 1985, 281 in 1988, 316 in 1990 and 197 in 1992. The utilization rate by sex was decreasing chronologically in male, and age-specific utilization rate showed rapidly decreasing tendency since 1982 : 1,037 per 1,000 inhabitants in 1982, 877 in 1984, 1,084 in 1986, 519 in 1988, 538 in 1990 and 333 in 1992, in age group of 0-14, but not changing tendency in age-groups of 65 and over. 3) The monthly utilization rate of a rural health subcenter showed increasing tendency in March, July and August from 1982 to 1987, and in March and May from 1988 to 1992. 4) The patient rate of medical insurance showed increasing tendency since 1983: 17.0% per 100 patients(the lowest rate) in 1983, 21.3% in 1985, 20.4% in 1987, 70,0% in 1989 and 77.8% in 1991. However, the patient rate of Medicaid showed no specific change. 5) The utilization rate by the remedial measures for primary health care showed 30.8% of the answered in private special clinic, the highest rate, and 30.0% in drug stores, 25.5% in health subcenter, 10.5% in hospital and 1.2% in oriental clinic. In favorite physicians for primary health care, specialist was the highest rate, 48.6% of the answered, and general practitioner, 39.7% and home doctor, 8.9% in next order. And 70.8% of the answered experienced to visit the health subcenter more than once. 6) Disfavorite reasons of health subcenter were insufficient equipment(42.1%, the highest), and the next order, short cure time per day(25.1%), "be not cured"(12.2%), "be not(6.9%) and unkindness(3.6%), And the major obstacles in utilizing the medical facilities for primary health care were farm works(41.7%, the highest), distance(27.1%) and medical cost(11.4%).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.3-15
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• 1977

In order to find out health problems among inhabitants in slum areas in Kwanak-Ku, Seoul, a series of health survey was conducted upon 510 households by interview from March to December, 1976. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Employments of householders were unstable; Out of 508 householders, 164(32.3%) were unemployed and 184 (36.2%) were daily or temporary employees. 2. Average number of households per house was 2.0 and average area of residential room per person was $4.0m^2$. 3. 476(93.3%) out of 510 households were supplied with tap water and rest of them made use of ground water as a source of drinking water. 4. Only 279(18.3%) out of 1527 live births were delivered at medical facilities, 496(32.7%) were at home attended by doctors or midwives and 358(25.1%) took prenatal care. The above findings were worse in urban slum area than in other urban area of relatively high economic level, but were better than in rural area of less medical facilities. 5. Initiation of treatment were delayed until their illnesses were advanced in most of the households, 472(92.5%) out 510. In the early stage of the illness, 131(25.6%) of the house-holds sought physicians in their clinics or general hospitals and 250 (40.9%) visited chemists, to toy drugs at first hand. Frequency of visits to physician increased to 52.8% as the disease aggravated in later stages. 6. Cost of medical expenditure per household amounted to 815 won, and was paid to, in the order of chemists, physicians, chinese herb stores, chinese herb doctors. 7. Concerning the health knowledge of the inhabitants, 273(53.9%) out of 506 respondents were aware of the infectivity of pulmonary tuberculosis, and 68(13.4%) of them checked regularly their chest findings by X-ray at least once every two years. 8. As for the family planning, although 448(87.3%) out of 510 respondents were in favor of it, 215 (41.8%) of them were actually practicing contraception. 9. About 40.6% (125 respondents) of them obtained information and knowledge concerning contraception through personal contact with family planning workers. 10. Nutritional status of housewives was generally poor: 49(38.3%) out of 128 housewives were found to be anemic and average serum protein level was $7.5{\pm}0.82g/dl$.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.68-92
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• 1995

소매업은 경제, 사회, 문화, 정치를 배경으로 소비자의 요구에 부응하며 발전해 가 기 때문에 지역구조의 이해라는 측면에서 증요한 연구 주제이다. 또한 소매업은 일상생활을 영위하기 위한 기본적인 기능이므로, 이에 대한 이해는 삶의 질 향상이라는 측면에서도 중 요하다. 최근, 우리나라는 주민소득의 향상과 그에 따른 수요의 다양화, 개성화, 그리고 정보 화 사회로의 이행, 대기업 및 외국유통업의 참여, 정부의 유통산업 근대화 작업 등 소매업 환경의 변화와 함께 소매업이 크게 변화하고 있다. 따라서 미래의 변화 예측과 바람직한 발 전 방향이 제시되어야 함에도 불구하고, 이에 대한 연구가 미흡하다. 이에 광주시를 연구대 상지역으로 선정하여, 소매업의 입지와 그에 대한 주민의 이용 행태, 그리고 주민의 바람직 한 이용방안을 분석하였다. 이는 입지행태라는 순수한 학문적기여 뿐 아니라, 지역의 효율성 과 평등성의 실현이라는 응용면에서도 중요한 의의를 지닌다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.349-354
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• 1974

충남(忠南) 금산군내(錦山郡內) 1,141가구(家口) 7,050 가구원(家口員)에 대(對)한 조사결과(調査結果)를 총괄(總括)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평균(平均) 가구원수(家口員數)는 6.18명(名)(${\pm}2.17$명(名))이며 성비(性比)는 105.5로 비교적(比較的) 높은 편(便)이며, 20세미만(未滿)의 인구(人口)가 51.6%를 점(占)하고 인구증대형(人口增大型)의 구성(構成)을 가지고 있었다. 2. 문맹률(文盲率)이 12.1%이며 고교졸업이상(高校卒業以上)의 부락민(部落民)은 4.1%에 불우(不遇)했다. 주민(住民)의 79.8%가 유직(有職)이며 이 중 농업(農業)이 46.1%였다. 가옥소유형태별(家屋所有形態別)로는 자택(自宅)이 95.2%이고 무주택률(無住宅率)은 4.8%였다. 3. 보건소(保健所)나 보건지소(保健支所)를 1년간(年間)($73.4.1{\sim}74.3.31$)에 이용(利用)한 가구(家口)는 72.0%였으며, 빈도(頻度)에 있어서는 $2{\sim}4$회(回)가 26.8%로 가장 높았고 이용목적(利用目的)은 예방접종(豫防接種) 35.7%, 치료(治療) 26.7%, 가족계획(家族計劃) 24.1%, 모자보건(母子保建) 10.5%의 순(順)이었다. 4. 주민(住民)들의 보건소(保健所)및 지소(支所) 이용도(利用度)는 연간(年間) 가구당(家口當) 4.4회(回)이며 주민(住民) 1인당(人當) 0.75회(回) 이용(利用)했다. 5. 출생률(出生率)은 人口(人口) 1,000명당(名當) 19.1, 사망률(死亡率)은 7.5로 자연증가율(自然增加率)은 1.16%였다. 6. 가임여성(可妊女性)($20{\sim}40$세)의 37.7%가 미혼자(未婚者)였고, 연령별(年齡別) 출산회수(出産回數)의 총계(總計)에 있어서는 $36{\sim}40$세의 17.1%가 가장 높았다. 7. 미혼자(未婚者)가 61.4%로 연소층(年少層)이 많은 인구구성(人口構成)을 가지고 있으며 남여별(男女別)로 보면 미혼남자(未婚男子)가 67.2%, 미혼여자(未婚女子)가 57.6%이었다. 8. 기혼자(旣婚者) 2,711명중(名中) 가족계획(家族計劃) 실시자(實施者)는 612명(名)(22.57%)에 불과(不過)하였으며, 남여별(男女別)로 보면 남자(男子) 8.33%, 여자(女子) 34.82%가 실시(實施)하고 있었다. 실시자(實施者)의 16.01%만이 영구피임방법(永久避妊方法)을 사용(使用)하였고 83.98%는 일시적(一時的)인 피임방법(避妊方法)을 사용(使用)하고 있었다. 9. 예방접종(豫防接種)은 대상자(對象者)의 57.7%에서 실시(實施)되었으며 종별(種別)로는 B.C.G vaccine 82.7%, D.P.T. vaccine 76.2%, Poliovaccine 67.9%, 종두(種痘) 62.6%의 순(順)이였다. 10. 의료기관리용(醫療機關利用)에 있어서는 약국(藥局) 32.16%, 병의원(病醫院) 28.65%, 보건소(保健所) 및 지소(支所) 17.96%, 한약방(漢藥房) 7.36%, 그리고 한의원(漢醫院) 6.31%이었다. 질병(疾病)으로는 신경통(神經痛)이 가장 많았고 그 다음이 소화기계질환(消化器系疾患), 호흡기계(呼吸器系) 및 피부병(皮膚病)의 순서(順序)였다.