• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.107-122
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• 2017

Nowadays, digital forensic experts are not only computer experts who restore and find deleted files, but also general experts who posses various capabilities including knowledge about processes/laws, communication skills, and ethics. However, there have been few studies about qualifications or competencies required for digital forensic experts comparing with their importance. Therefore, in this study, AHP questionnaires were distributed to digital forensic experts and analyzed to derive priorities of competencies; the first-tier questions which consisted of knowledge, technology, and attitude, and the second-tier ones which have 20 items. Research findings showed that the most important competency was knowledge, followed by technology and attitude but no significant difference was found. Among 20 items of the second-tier competencies, the most important competency was "digital forensics equipment/tool program utilization skill" and it was followed by "data extraction and imaging skill from storage devices." Attitude such as "judgment," "morality," "communication skill," "concentration" were subsequently followed. The least critical one was "substantial law related to actual cases." Previous studies on training/education for digital forensics experts focused on law, IT knowledge, and usage of analytic tools while attitude-related competencies have not given proper attention. We hope this study can provide helpful implications to design curriculum and qualifying exam to foster digital forensic experts.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.275-298
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• 2012

Terminal operators have provided special services such as loading, discharging, stowage of cargo to the owner, and carriers of the sea, which contribute the domestic and international logistics. For smooth flow of logistics, container terminal should reserve spaces for inbound and outbound logistics. However, if it is unable to provide the spaces, which can be caused by labour strikes or terminal lockouts and so on, national logistic system and financial management of terminal operators can be seriously affected. In order to minimize these kinds of problems, terminal operators impose high rate of charges ("overstorage charge") to the accumulated cargoes and/or containers, which are stipulated in terminal service agreement. Nevertheless, if there is no terminal service agreement with an owner of cargo and/or container, any kind of charge can cause legal problems (conflict ??) between the cargo and terminal operator. In this regard, I would like to study on the definition of overstorage charge and the legal issue of it based on the Busan district court's judgment. In particular, I will propose a special right of commercial lien and public auction for terminal operators to settle accumulated cargoes in container terminal.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2013

NAND flash-based SSDs (Solid State Drive) have advantages of fast input/output performance and low power consumption so that they could be widely used as storages on tablet, desktop PC, smart-phone, and server. But, SSD has the disadvantage of wear-leveling due to increase of the number of writes. In order to improve the lifespan of the SSD, a variety of data deduplication techniques have been introduced. General fixed-size splitting method allocates fixed size of chunk without considering locality of data so that it may execute unnecessary chunking and hash key generation, and variable-size splitting method occurs excessive operation since it compares data byte-by-byte for deduplication. This paper proposes adaptive chunking method based on application locality and file name locality of written data in SSD-based server storage. The proposed method split data into 4KB or 64KB chunks adaptively according to application locality and file name locality of duplicated data so that it can reduce the overhead of chunking and hash key generation and prevent duplicated data writing. The experimental results show that the proposed method can enhance write performance, reduce power consumption and operation time compared to existing variable-size splitting method and fixed size splitting method using 4KB.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2020

The effect of Co interlayer on the interfacial reliability of SiN_x/Co/Cu thin film structure for advanced Cu interconnects was systematically evaluated by using a double cantilever beam test. The interfacial adhesion energy of the SiN_x/Cu thin film structure was 0.90 J/㎡. This value of the SiN_x/Co/Cu thin film structure increased to 9.59 J/㎡.Measured interfacial adhesion energy of SiN_x/Co/Cu structure was around 10 times higher than SiN_x/Cu structure due to CoSi₂ reaction layer formation at SiN_x/Co interface, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The interfacial adhesion energy of SiN_x/Co/Cu structure decreased sharply after post-annealing at 200℃ for 24 h due to Co oxidation at SiN_x/Co interface. Therefore, it is required to control the CoO and Co₃O₄ formation during the environmental storage of the SiN_x/Co/Cu thin film to achieve interfacial reliability for advanced Cu interconnections.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.445-450
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• 1975

These experiments were carried out to obtain useful yeast for Korean grape wine brewing. The 213 strains of yeasts were isolated from grapes sampled in Daejeon city and suburbs and then 3 strains among the isolated yeasts were selected as useful strains and identified. The results obtained as follows; 1. The 3 strains of W-49, W-50 and W-127 selected as useful yeasts were clarified to grape wine mash rapidly. 2. In the mashes clarified after storage of 45 days, the value of optical density of the case of W-50 strain was highest and the color was very thick, compared with the case of another strains. 3. In the pannel test of the grape wines, the case of W-49 and W-50 strains were best, the case of the W-127 strain and control yeast, Hb were similar each other as next order. 4. Among 3 strains selected as useful yeasts it were identified that the strains of W-49, W-50 selected as useful strains were Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the strain of W-127 was Saccharinyces pretoriencis by the Ladder manual. 5. All of these useful yeasts were appeared red color on TT C stain.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 1993

Frozen korean traditional poultries(Manyker, Korean native fowl, Ogol fowl and Pheasant) were thawed at $5^{\circ}C$, and $20^{\circ}C$ in the air, and using a microwave oven. Effect of thawing methods on the quality of Korean poultry was investigated. The pH of the poultry muscle was lowered after thawing in all treatments. The pH of the muscle thawed by microwave oven was the lowest. The quantity of drip released after thawing was the least in a microwave thawing. The quantity of drip in Maniker and Pheasant was loss than Ogol fowl. The relationship between pH and water binding capacity showed highly significant, and the drip quantity after thawing increased as the pH decreased. Leg muscle has higher strength than breast muscle in all the Korean poultry. Shear strength of all the poultry muscle showed closely relative related to the pH. As the pH lowered, the shear strength of the muscle was also decreased.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2015

This study was performed to analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic microorganisms isolated from the carcass and environments of chicken processing plant located in Gyeonggi province from October to November in 2010. Chicken slaughterhouse was visited 3 times and totally 40 samples were collected from chicken carcass before and after washing (n=14), chicken cuts (n=7), cooling water (n=8), brine (n=2), cutting knives (n=7) and working plate (n=2). Whole-chicken rinsing technique (for chicken carcasses) and swab technique (for working plate and knives) were used to analyze the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, brine and chilling water from storage tanks were gathered using sterilized tubes and used as samples. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) for whole cell fingerprinting in combination with a dedicated bioinformatic software tool was used to identify the isolated microorganisms. The pathogenic microorganisms, such as Bacillus cereus (n=8) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=9), were isolated form the chicken processing process (chicken carcasses of before and after chilling, chicken cuts, and working plate). The antimicrobial susceptibility of those isolated microorganisms was analyzed using 21 antimicrobial agents. In the case of B. cereus, it showed 100% of resistance to subclasses of penicillins and peptides, and it also resistant to cephalothin, a member of critically important antimicrobials (CIA), however there was no resistance (100% susceptible) to vancomycin and chloramphenicol. S. aureus showed 100% resistance to subclasses of peptides and some of penicillins (penicillin and oxacillin), however, it showed 100% susceptibility to cephalosporins (cefazolin and cephalothin). All of the tested pathogens showed multi drug resistance (MDR) more than 4 subclasses and one of B. cereus and S. aureus showed resistance to 9 subclasses. After the ban on using the antimicrobials in animal feed in July 2011, there would be some change in microbial distribution and antimicrobial resistance, and it still has a need to be analyzed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.139-150
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• 1998

Due to development of science and telecommunication with wide-spread computer supply, it could be done through computer automatically instead of manpower-work for paper transportation & paper approval. It is developed to so-called Factory Automation. Further, it is developed to Office Automation. Trading companies & concerned trade authorities are interested in Trade Automation that such technique is applied to trade work. Generally, Trade Automation means to realize paperless trade by exchanging electronic papers through inter-computers after concerned trade operators transformed various papers to electronic papers that computer could read. In case Trade Automation fix in the trade business, it is expected one of innovations among traditional paper work of trade business, namely without going import-export authorities, Customs office, Banks. Shipping companies, Marine insurance companies on hand-carrying papers, it could be fast, simple, correct to finish every trade procedures such as commercial business, foreign currency, customs clearance, transportations, insurance. terms of payment, etc., with Electronic Data Interchange through computer facilities. Especially, telecommunication for trade form could be helpful to proceed trade paper with one-run-method Further we can anticipate 6 effects for Trade Automation as belows : First, as explained just above articles, with completion for Trade Automation, every trade procedures can be done by computer. so, time to work can be diminished. namely. logistics cost including accessory costs for trade procedures can be saved much. Second, viewing to private enterprise, effect of Office Automation can be maximized and rapid, correct exchange for various trade informations could raise efficiency of enterprise management establishing rational production, storage, transportation and could raise competition improving standard for consumers's service. Third, establishing Trade Automation systems makes it easier piling-up of harbor cargo by pre-transmission of electronic paper & trade informations make it possible to finish customs clearance in advance and can be dispatched upon cargo arrival. Fourth, most of concerned trade authorities such as import-export approval office. financial authorities, transport & insurance companies concentrated in Metropolitan area(Seoul, In -Cheon, Kyung-Ki). Therefore, in case Trade Automation could be realized. it is possible to proceed trade business instantly in every country area by computer facilities. Also. it contribute well-balanced development for suburb. region area by suburb dispersion of trading companies. Fifth, on the way to Trade Automation establishment & its enlargement process. producing enormous demand for over-all telecommunication such as hardware. software. network makes opportunity to progress telecommunication industry & concerned industries. Finally. Trade Automation accelerate change of employment structure leading unnecessary labors on the industries of office & logistics to manufacturing area.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.180-192
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of sourdough fermented with the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from sliced radish kimchi. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolated lactic acid bacteria were categorized as Leuconostoc dextranicum SRK03, Lactobacillus brevis SRK15, Pediococcus halophilus SRK22, Lactobacillus acidophilus SRK30, Lactobacillus plantarum SRK38, Leuconostoc citreum SRK 42, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii SRK60 with sequence similarity of 99%. After fermentation with L. dextranicum SRK03, L. acidophilus SRK30, L. plantarum SRK38 or L. delbrueckii SRK60 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7246 at $30^{\circ}C$ for 24 h LAB and yeast in sourdough were present at levels of $10^9$ and $10^7CFU/g$, respectively. In particular, the titratable acidity and ethanol and exopolysaccharide contents of sourdough fermented with L. dextranicum SRK03 were also significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of sourdough fermented with L. acidophilus SRK30, L. plantarum SRK38, or L. delbrueckii SRK60. The sourdough fermented with L. dextranicum SRK03 and L. acidophilus SRK30 showed not only good DPPH radical-scavenging capacity but anti-lipid peroxidation activity. In addition, the viable counts of Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 in sourdough during storage for 5 days at $25^{\circ}C$ were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of pathogenic bacteria in the control group due to the organic acids and bacteriocin produced by L. acidophilus SRK30 strain.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1281-1286
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• 2010

Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by glucocerebrosidase functional deficiency and the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorder (LSD), with an incidence of about 1 in 20,000 new births. Resveratrol, one kind of phytoalexin, is a produced naturally by several plants and has anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective effects. In this paper we provide the cellular protective effect of resveratrol in both type I and type II Gaucher disease cells. Resveratrol treatment did not show any significant change in the p21 and p53 mRNA expression level, however expression level of the p21 protein, a cell cycle arrest factor, shows significant increment in both types of Gaucher disease cells. These cell cycle arrest patterns were confirmed by both MTT assay measurement and microscopy detection. In comparison, expression level of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), an apoptosis indicator protein, was significantly decreased in both type I and II Gaucher disease cells after treatment with resveratrol. This result indicates that resveratrol relievescellular apoptotic stress fromtype I and II Gaucher disease cells. Therefore, we demonstrate that resveratrol inhibits cell proliferation via p21 activity and activates cellular repair systems for Gaucher disease cells. Our results provide at least one of the molecular mechanisms of Gaucher disease and may allow the verification of potential drug targets for therapeutic trials.