• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2009

Brain-Computer Interface(이하 BCI)는 뇌파를 활용하여 인간의 의지로 컴퓨터를 제어하는 수단이나 행위이다. 뇌파 인터페이스 관련 하드웨어 제작 기술이 발전함에 따라 고가이면서 대형이었던 뇌파 측정 장비가 최근에는 소형화 되고 개인이 구매 가능한 가격대로 출시되면서 앞으로 다양한 멀티미디어 분야에서 응용이 될 것으로 예상된다. 이 논문은 뇌파 인터페이스 장치를 게임의 새로운 장치로 활용이 가능한지에 대해 게임 디자인적 관점에서 접근한다. 먼저 논문에서는 뇌파 인터페이스 장치를 적극적으로 활용할 수 있는 게임 플레이 요소를 제안하고 체계화하며, 이를 기반으로 하는 게임의 시제품을 제작하였다. 다음으로 기존의 키보드, 마우스를 입력 장치로 사용하는 게임과의 비교 체험을 통해 뇌파 인터페이스 장치의 활용이 직관적이고 효율적인 게임 플레이를 제공하는지에 대해 통계적인 분석을 하였으며, 실제로 직관성과 흥미로움을 제공한다는 사실이 검증되었다. 본 논문의 결과는 BCI 기반 게임 제작을 위한 효과적인 게임 디자인 가이드라인이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2019

Objectives : This study aimed to systematically and comprehensively review controlled clinical trials on the effectiveness and safety of Chuna Manual Therapy for stroke. Methods : By October 7, 2019, three core databases and three domestic databases were searched. Seven major academic journals on the related field were also hand-searched. Methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was conducted and the quality of its evidence was assessed using the GRADE methodology. Results : Five articles met the eligibility criteria. The results of most of included studies were in favor of Chuna Manual Therapy. No study described any adverse events during or after the clinical trials. Meta-analysis of three eligible studies showed that the pre- and post-treatment scores on the Modified Barthel Index (mean difference 8.00, 95% confidence interval 0.26 to 15.74) and Berg Balance Scale (mean difference 3.57, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 6.51) of the Chuna-treated group were significantly different, but only marginally higher than those of the non-treatment group. Thus, the level of evidence gathered from these studies was assessed to be low. Conclusions : Based on current available evidence, any confirmative conclusions cannot be made on the effectiveness and safety of Chuna Manual Therapy for stroke because of the small sample size, low methodological quality, presence of statistical heterogeneity, and missing safety information. More rigorously designed large-scale multi-center studies are needed to establish more specific and credible evidence to support or oppose the use of Chuna Manual Therapy for stroke.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

Purpose - This study examined the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on employee creativity. Past research has consistently shown that intrinsic motivation is positively related to creativity. Yet conflicting results have been reported about the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity. To explore the reason why extrinsic motivation can either help or hurt creativity, we examined the role of contingent rewards as a moderator and tested whether either tangible or intangible rewards contingent upon creative performance significantly impact the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity. Research design, data, and methodology - Survey data was collected from employees working for diverse organizations in Korea through online research firm. Only employees who reported their job or organization provided opportunities to use their creativity were allowed to continue the survey. Out of 305 initial responses collected, those with too much missing data were deleted, which finally left 278 responses for statistical analyses. To examine the validity of the measurements, confirmatory factor analysis was first conducted. Next, to test the hypothesized relationships, multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. Results - As hypothesized, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation had positive effects on creativity. It was shown that contingent rewards did not influence the positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and creativity, but did significantly moderate the relationship between extrinsic motivation and creativity in a way that tangible rewards strengthened the relationship while intangible rewards mitigated the same relationship. Conclusions - This research enhances our understanding on the relationship between motivation type, rewards, and creativity. Intrinsically motivated employees showed a high level of creativity regardless of whether rewards were expected or not. In contrast, extrinsically motivated employees showed more or less creative behavior depending on whether they were expected to have tangible or intangible rewards. As extrinsic motivation is typically associated with tangible rewards such as pay, promotion, etc., tangible rewards were seen to be more effective in promoting creative performance from extrinsically motivated employees than intangible rewards. Our findings make a significant theoretical contribution to reconcile prior inconsistent findings. Furthermore, they provide useful insights for managers and organizations into developing effective strategies for facilitating employee creativity.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2007

포트폴리오는 구성주의 학습을 지원하는 한 방법으로 사용될 수 있다. 현재 교육 현장에서 포트폴리오의 사용이 점차 확대되고 있으나, 현장 적용의 실태나 발전적 활용 방안에 대한 연구는 미약한 편이다. 본 논문에서는 전국의 초 중등학교 재직 교사를 대상으로 포트폴리오 운영에 대한 실증적 자료를 분석하며, 이를 기반으로 지식정보화 사회에 필요한 e-포트폴리오의 설계 방향을 제안한다. 포트폴리오에 대한 이해도, 유형별 운영 현황 분석 결과에 따르면 학교급에 따른 차별화된 시스템 설계와 고경력자에 대한 연수 확대, '안내도우미' 기능 구비를 필요로 한다. 포트폴리오 작성을 위해 많은 시간을 소요하고 일회적, 형식적 수행 평가의 일환으로 운영되는 문제점을 개선하기 위해 학습과 평가를 하나의 과정에서 통합하는 시스템의 설계가 필요하다. 더불어 상호작용 및 자기 주도적 학습을 효과적으로 지원하는 e-포트폴리오의 설계가 요구된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2018

Purpose - This study is to investigate the effects of consumption motives of restaurant customers on the perception of the importance of restaurant attributes, and to determine the influence of the consumption motives on the empirical and functional attributes between Vietnam and Korea. Research design, data, and methodology - Questionnaire items from previous studies were revised to fit the research purpose of the present study. From August 1 to August 25, 2017, questionnaires were simultaneously administered in Korea and Vietnam using both on-line and off-line survey methods (including SNS and e-mail). With 381 surveyed questionnaires in Vietnam(219) and Korea(162), this study was conducted by using SPSS 22.0 to verify the reliability and validity of the measured variables. Structural equation model (SEM) was employed as a statistical method for the hypotheses test of this study. Results - The results showed that hedonic eating-out motive has more influence on the importance of empirical attribute than that of functional attribute in restaurant. In addition, utilitarian eating-out motive has more influence on functional attributes than empirical attributes. However, these relationships showed the difference between countries in Vietnam and Korea. As for in Korea, consumers' hedonic and utilitarian motives of eating-out were more influential on experimental and functional attributes. Conclusions - This study analyzed the influence on the importance of the eating-out motives of restaurant attributes and how this differed between Vietnamese and Korean.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that cause consumers to frequently visit large - Super Store and goods for large - scale retailers using Super Store. Research design, data, and methodology - The purpose of this study is to present the empirical analysis of 53 adult males and females living in the Mokpo area on the relationship between perceived level of satisfaction and loyalty of the large - scale marts. The results were analyzed. The statistical data of the questionnaire were verified by the SPSS. Results - In the empirical analysis of this study, four variables were found to be the main loyalty factors, which were found to affect the satisfaction of Super Store and the decision to return again. Therefore, in this study, the quality of goods, price, diversity, and image were analyzed as loyalty factors, and it was analyzed as factors influencing satisfaction. It was confirmed that loyalty factors were important. In particular, consumers' perception of behaviors such as local specialties and community service that can be distinctly differentiated from other distribution agencies was very low. Conclusions - It is necessary to construct a comprehensive systematic system to analyze the detailed factors influencing the satisfaction and loyalty of users of Mokpo ticket consumers and to systematically manage and evaluate them. In order to raise awareness of consumer loyalty factors, consumer satisfaction and loyalty survey should be regularly conducted. Consumers should look for ways to improve them and develop improvement plans. The various direct and indirect services provided by Super Store to consumers include price, quality, assortment, customer service, accessibility, and feelings for large marts. However, since the services provided by the Super Store are different from those of the consumers, the loyalty factors for the different factors can be different. Therefore, in order to differentiate them from traditional markets or other distribution centers, it It should be used as a weapon of competition. In this study, it is generally recognized that the services provided by Super Store are very simple and inexpensive, so that consumers are not aware of the difference of particular stores.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper aims to examine a spirituality's impact on the posttraumatic interpersonal relationships of family violence with a structural equation model(SEM). This article starts with the research idea that family violence experience bring about negative emotion in terms of interpersonal relationship leading to the distribution of negative affect in social relationship. The research question of this study pinpoints on how family violence experience affects interpersonal relationship problems and how spirituality affects interpersonal relations problems. Based on the idea, we attempts to deal with spirituality's impact as a driving factor of transforming the distribution of negative affect. Research design, data, and methodology - The structural equation modelling(SEM) is employed as a analysis method of this study. SEM provides a chiefly cross-sectional statistical modelling method, and moreover it allows multiple variables to be associated with a latent variable in this analysis. 300 samples from Seoul, Gyeonggy and Gangwon are selected in the survey. We chose available 271 among them. Results - The results verify that trauma have placed an negative impact on personal relations. The study results also shows that the more serious get the degree of family violence trauma, the worse become interpersonal relationship problems. What is more interesting is that the degree of trauma's impact on interpersonal relation problems in male is higher than that of trauma's impact in female. It is mainly attributed to the fact that women are superior to men in terms of empathy ability and interpersonal relationship orientation. It can be noted that the well-managed spirituality will be able to make a great contribution towards reducing the degree of trauma caused by interpersonal relationships. Conclusions - The study results demonstrates that family violence have negative impacts on spirituality, while spirituality have an positive impacts on reduction the problems of interpersonal relationship. It has been found out that family violence trauma may cause negative affectivity in personal relations, which can distribute negative impacts regarding interpersonal relationship in society. This study also supports that spirituality will be able to function well as a helper, which may reduce the distribution of negative affect in society.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.295-312
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• 2017

Purpose Consumption behaviors of consumers have changed with the widespread use of the Internet and smart phones, and accordingly online marketing activities are becoming ever more prevalent. Yet, the domestic food-service industry has yet to offer an Omni-Channel order system that encompasses a online, offline, and mobile interface. Also, a multilingual menu ordering service for foreign tourists is not yet available. Therefore, if an order service system accessible online and offline which could provide multi-language services were implemented, the satisfaction of the service provider and domestic and foreign customers would be maximized. Design/methodology/approach By designing an electronic menu based on open an OS and providing electronic menus in offline stores, we have completed the design of a linked order system which would be available everywhere (online, offline, and mobile). The CMS was developed to integrate these three mediums and the entire operator was designed to receive basic information and statistical information about the merchants, or store operators. Also, a multilingual term dictionary containing menu information for foreign tourists was made into a database so that foreign tourists who are having difficulty in communication can use it more easily. Findings We have made it possible for customers to use the order service without distinction between online, offline, and mobile platforms, and have proved that it is a more efficient and convenient service for customers as well as operators. Nevertheless, as an initial model, the implemented system has limitations on the execution of the payment support method in the electronic menu board and in the management division of the CMS. In case of commercialization, it is necessary to make an alliance of efforts to attract initial franchises. Through further supplementation, we expect the online and offline connection-types martservice system will maximize the satisfaction of both operators and customers alike.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2017

Purpose With the advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution era, ICT convergence industry is leading the wave of new change. These changes in the industrial field are recognizing convergence as a strategic cooperation tool of management for creating new value. In order to achieve the research purpose, conceptual understanding of ICT convergence is summarized by focusing on concepts, features, types and cases. In addition, this study established the theoretical rationale for the determinants of ICT convergence performance, and examined previous researches related to ICT convergence. Design/methodology/approach The empirical research method is based on a survey of 510 companies including managers and mid-level practitioners who understand the contents of the relevant field, 305 data were used for analysis. We conducted exploratory factor analysis to verify the grouping of these questionnaire items and conducted confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the validity and reliability of the measurement model. Through the statistical analysis, we analyzed the structural relationship of ICT firms' competencies for convergence performance. Findings Linkage of ICT strategies established by corporations is an important factor for enhancing resource capacity and convergence ability. It is important to ensure that product innovation, consumer-oriented strategies, and ICT strategies for the implementation of business strategies are closely linked. In addition, in the convergence environment, companies should make efforts to develop convergence ability and improve organizational performance through utilization of ICT resources. From the CEO's perspective, it is necessary to understand the knowledge, technology and resources arising from the convergence environment, and to integrate with the resources possessed by the enterprise to induce the organization's performance.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2020

홍조류인 Eucheuma spinosum은 카라기난을 주된 다당으로 함유하고 있으며 Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, China, Tanzania 등지에서 상업적으로 생산되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 E. spinosum을 대상으로 FeCl₃-촉매 수열반응을 통하여 당과화학중간체(5-HMF, levulinic acid, formic acid)로전환하고자하였다. 통계적실험법(3-수준-3-인자의 Box-Behnken design)을 적용하여 반응인자(반응온도, 촉매농도, 반응시간)의 최적화와 영향을 평가하였다. 최적화 결과, 5-HMF의 농도는 160 ℃, 0.4 M FeCl₃, 10 min에서 2.96 g/L가 생성되었다. Levulinic acid와 formic acid의 최적 조건은 200 ℃, 0.6 M FeCl₃, 30 min으로 결정되었고, 농도는 각각 4.26 g/L와 3.77 g/L이었다.