• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2015

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 입원 암환자의 영적건강, 불안과 통증과의 관계를 규명하여 입원 암환자의 통증감소를 위해 영적건강을 증진시키고 불안을 감소시키는 간호중재 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 방법: 대상자는 B광역시 소재 대학병원에서 입원 치료중인 암환자 167명이고, 자료수집기간은 2012년 4월 27일부터 동년 5월 11일까지였다. 연구도구로 영적건강은 Highfield(1992)의 SHI (Spiritual Health Inventory)를 이원희 등(2001)이 번안한 것을, 불안은 Spielberger(1975)의 STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory)를 김정택과 신동균(1978)이 번안한 것을, 통증은 국가암정보센터(2010)의 VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) 척도를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 20 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 입원 암환자의 영적건강과 불안은 중간 정도, 통증은 약한 정도로 나타났다. 2. 입원 암환자의 일반적 특성에 따른 영적건강은 종교, 교육, 평균월수입, 질병상태, 건강상태, 전이, 일상생활, 지지정도에 따라 차이가 있었다. 3. 입원 암환자의 일반적 특성에 따른 상태불안은 종교, 교육, 질병상태, 건강상태, 전이, 일상생활, 지지정도, 진통제에 따라 차이가 있었다. 4. 입원 암환자의 일반적 특성에 따른 통증은 질병상태, 건강상태, 전이, 일상생활, 지지정도, 진통제에 따라 차이가 있었다. 5. 입원 암환자의 영적건강과 상태불안의 관계는 중간 정도의 역상관관계(r=-0.627, P<0.001), 영적건강과 통증의 관계는 약한 역상관관계(r=-0.255, P=0.001), 상태불안과 통증의 관계는 약한 순상관관계(r=0.306, P<0.001)로 나타났다. 결론: 입원한 암환자의 영적건강, 불안 및 통증을 관리하기 위해 본 연구에서 규명한 관련 요인을 고려한 프로그램 개발 및 효과검증 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.16-24
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• 2011

Objectives：This study examined the prevalence of psychiatric problems in children with scholastic difficulties who had been referred for mental health services from the Office of Education in Ulsan Metropolitan City. Methods：Child psychiatrists evaluated the referred children using the DSM-IV. Evaluation tools included the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III, the Children's Depression Inventory, the Korean form of the State-trait anxiety Inventory for children, the ADHD rating. Results：Seventy-six children consisting of 64 boys (84.2%) and 12 girls (15.8%) participated in the study. The average age was 10.3 (SD=0.93) years old. Approximately 74% of the children referred for scholastic difficulties were diagnosed with mental retardation. The Axis I diagnosis among these children were ADHD (86.8%), depression (21.1%), learning disorder (9.2%), communication disorder (4.8%), pervasive developmental disorder (3.6%), internet addiction (1.3%), and mood disorder (1.3%). Their overall measure according to the Child Depression Inventory was 22.7 (SD=16.8), that for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children was 33.3 (SD=7.9)/32.4 (SD=9.5), and that for the ADHD rating scale was 18.9 (SD=10.9). Conclusion：These results suggest that many children with scholastic difficulties have both complex psychiatric and educational problems.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2007

Objectives : Studies have reported differences between depressed adults and controls in quantitative measures of EEG alpha asymmetry, but, there are few using Korean subjects. So, the present study compared EEG regional alpha asymmetries of patients having major depressive disorder(MDD) and normal controls. Methods : The subjects in this study were 11 unmedicated unipolar depressed patients and 11 non-depressed, age matched controls. Resting EEG(eyes closed and eyes open) was recorded from each participant using 8 scalp electrodes. Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS), Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) were used to evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms. Results : The severities of depression measured by self-report questionnaires were positively associated with those of anxiety(state and trait) ; The subjects were both anxious and depressed. Anxious-depressed patients differed from controls in alpha asymmetry at T4 channels. They showed evidence of greater activation over right than left temporal site. Conclusion : These findings are consistent with the previousely reported alpha asymmetry of depressed patients with an anxiety disorder. The failure to find the evidence of reduced right parietal activity in depression is presumed to be due to opposing effects of comorbid anxiety on parietotemporal activity.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.375-389
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Self-foot Reflex Massage (SRM) programme on the physical condition and anxiety level of hypertension workers. The research was designed in the pre and post-test. Sample test was done in five workers with essential hypertension. They were divided in two groups:- Group A and Group B. The Self-foot Reflex Massage (SRM) was applied three times a week for Group A and five times a week for Group B. The SRM was given in 40 minutes each time for 4 weeks from the 1st of January to the 30th of April in 2001. In order to evaluate the effect on SRM. blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were measured as physical parameters and state trait anxiety inventory was used twice each time between before and after the exercise. The collected data was analysed by Mann-Whitney test with SPSS program. The results were as follows: 1. Average age for the subjects were 39.8 (ranged from thirty-two to fifty-three) and average period of hypertension history was 42 months (ranged from twenty to eighty-four). 2. There was no significant difference between two examined groups in blood pressure. But, there was a significant difference in SRM of pre and post-test for two groups. 3. There was no significant difference in blood cholesterol between two groups and between pre and post-test. 4. State trait anxiety showed significant difference between pre and post-test except the results between two groups. This result suggests that SRM is effective on the decrease of systolic and diastolic pressure and the relief of state trait anxiety except for the blood cholesterol. Therefore, blood cholesterol is needed further evaluation in large subjects and longer period. Further research is regarded as necessary to evaluate and to compare the precise effects of SRM on the foot reflex massage (FRM) in anxiety.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2009

연구목적 : 불안은 간질 환자에서 흔히 동반되는 증상이며, 간질의 치료와 경과에 영향을 주는 요인으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 간질 환자의 불안과 간질의 관련성을 알아보고자 시행하였다. 방법 : 2008년 1월부터 7월까지 80명의 간질 환자를 대상으로 하였고 상태-특성 불안 척도(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ; STAI)를 이용하여 불안을 평가하였다. 대조군으로 113명의 정상 성인을 포함시켰다. 결과 : 상태불안과 특성불안 점수의 평균은 환자군과 대조군에서 차이가 없었다. 환자군 내에서 직업이 없는 환자와 우울이 있는 환자는 상태불안, 특성불안이 모두 높은 점수를 보였고 전조증상이 있는 환자들은 특성불안의 점수가 높았다. 결론 : 비록 간질 환자의 불안 정도가 정상 대조군보다 높다는 결과를 얻지는 못했지만, 간질 환자의 불안이 증상과 예후에 미칠 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2022

Objectives: Academic stress poses a significant risk for the mental health of medical students, and a feasible group intervention program for managing academic stress is required. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on the mental health of Korean medical students. Methods: The class of first-year medical school students (n=36) participated in an after-school EFT group intervention program comprising six sessions (15 minutes/session, three weeks) to analyze its clinical effectiveness as a single-group test-retest clinical study. The changes in the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores were examined using a paired t-test and Cohen's D at post-EFT and two-week follow-up. Results: There were significant curtailments at post-EFT and follow-up measures in TAI-Total (t=2.704 and t=3.289), TAI-Worry (t=2.297 and t=2.454), TAI-Emotionality (t=2.763 and t=3.654), PSS-Negative Perspective (t=2.659 and t=3.877), and PANAS-Negative Affect (t=2.885 and t=3.259) subscales, however not in PSS-Positive Perspective (t=-1.279 and t=-1.101) and PANAS-Positive Affect (t=0.194 and t=-0.122) subscales. The trait anxiety (t=2.227) was significantly mitigated in the post-EFT measure and the state anxiety (t=2.30) in the follow-up measure. Conclusions: The EFT group intervention alleviated test stress, negative affect, and anxiety in the Korean medical students. This study contributes to an understanding of academic stress and EFT intervention in the competitive environment of medical education.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to analyze the responses of breath-counting meditations with the psychological test and the physical index. Methods: Breath-counting meditation was applied to 10 normal adults. Then, clinical research State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), State-Trait Anger eXpression Inventory (STAXI), Psychosocial Well-being Index Short Form (PWI-SF), Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-Korean version (BEPSI-K), Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and Vital Signs (V/S) were carried out to analyze the responses of breath-counting meditations. Results: 1) Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) decreased on the fifteenth day of breath-counting meditation, and Body Temperature (BT) increased on the fifteenth day. In addition, respiration decreased throughout the period of breath-counting meditation. 2) Standard deviations of N-N interval and Total Power (TP) of HRV all significantly increased on the fifteenth day of breath-counting meditation. 3) Scores of STAI1, STAXI1, STAXI2, and PWI-SF decreased after the breath-counting meditation. Conclusions: The results suggested that breath-counting meditations have positive responses to anger, anxiety and stress.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.72-85
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• 2021

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation of the scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-II (STAI-II), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and Core Seven Emotions Inventory-short form (CSEI-s) scales with pain improvement. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 66 traffic accident inpatients who satisfy the selection criteria. They had received Korean medical treatment including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine, and Chuna during hospitalization. STAI-II, BDI, and CSEI-s scores on hospital day 1, and STAI-I and numerical rating scale(NRS) scores on hospital day 1, 4, 7, and 10 were used for analysis. Pain improvement was evaluated by difference in NRS scores between hospital day 1 and hospital day 4, 7, 10. Results: The STAI-I, BDI, and CSEI-s scores showed significant correlations with pain or pain improvement. Conclusions: This study may be used in the research on psychological state and pain management of traffic accident patients and for patient education. Large-scale, well-designed studies need to be conducted in future to strengthen the results in this regard.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2018

Objective : High-risk pregnant women are exposed to the physical and emotional crisis associate with the condition of high-risk pregnancy, making these women emotionally unstable, exhibiting such conditions as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to examine what effects the temperament and character of high-risk pregnant women had on their depression, anxiety, and maternal-fetal attachment. Methods : A hundred and five high-risk pregnant women were recruited in the maternity ward of the Keimyung University medical center. All subjects were administered a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, State Trait Anxiety Inventory-State, and Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. Results : First, higher scores on the harm-avoidance scale and lower scores on the self-directedness scale were associated with higher depression scores. Second, higher scores on the harm-avoidance and reward-dependence scale were associated with higher anxiety scores. Lastly, higher scores on the cooperativeness scale were associated with higher maternal-fetal attachment scores. Conclusion : Temperament and character in high-risk pregnant women were associated with the degree of depression, anxiety, maternal-fetal attachment. Based on these findings, it is suggested that examining temperament and character in advance and screening for vulnerability in pregnant women can help to prevent emotional problems for high-risk pregnant women.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

Objective : This study examined psychiatric characteristics of wounded persons of Daegu subway fire accident occurring in February 2003 after six years. Methods : 103 wounded persons completed psychometric measures at 2 months and 6 years after the accident. Changes of psychiatric symptoms were compared and factors affecting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) seriousness were examined. Results : In Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the scores of Psychopathic Deviate (Pd), Masculinity/ Femininity (Mf), Social Introversion (Si) scales were significantly changed over time. The scores of Symptoms Checklist-90-Revision subscales were mostly decreased over time, however, paranoid ideation (PAR) subsclae scores were not significantly changed over time. In all of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-State, Beck Depression Inventory, Impact of Event Scale, and PTSD Checklist-Civilian, mean scores at 6 years after the accident were significantly lower than those at 2 months after the accident. However, STAI-Trait score was not significantly changed over time. Total seriousness of PTSD was found to be affected by quality of sleep. Conclusions : Psychiatric symptoms of subjects were largely improved over time, but distrust and doubt of others were continued. In addition, the wounded persons suffered from sleep problems. Therefore, early and continuous interventions of public institutions and public health specialists are needed for the wounded persons with chronic psychiatric disorders.