• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2010

The study set up the models of a general standard apartment house and a super high-rise standard apartment house, which were based on the 5 floor plans of the assessment reference houses of the "green homes" provided by the government; such main construction materials as to account for more than 80% of the entire amount of $CO_2$ emission in a construction work were selected; a database was built up for evaluating the environmental loads of the main materials according to the house types that were different from each other in area, block type, combination of living units or floor; and using the database, an attempt was made to develop the technology to assess $CO_2$ emission from the production of construction materials used in the stage of construction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.155-156
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• 2021

Most of the construction works in domestic are not direct undertaking work, but by a contract method including subcontracting. Therefore, a general contractor for each project jointly carry out construction work with a specialty contractor for each engineering type. However, in terms of contract, this method is not a joint venture contract, but a subcontract. Accordingly, this system can cause various problems between the prime contractor and the subcontractor. Therefore, this study aims to extract and present the actual obstacle factors in terms of specialty contract company performing specialty construction work for construction project. The presented contents are expected to present the standard for the cooperation system that the prime contractor and the subcontractor can win-win.

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.141-151
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• 1999

In the replacement of bearing system of bridges, the jacking work to secure work spaces may cause damage of the superstructure, hence the behavior of superstructure by the jacking force must be considered. Especially, in prestressed concrete I-type girder bridges, considering the stress concentration at the girder and the load redistribution of superstructure, the allowable jacking force and jacking sequence have to be determined. In this study, an analytical method is proposed to calculate the jacking force and overall jacking sequence for the replacement of bearing system without any damage to the superstructure. The stress concentration at the girder and load redistribution of the deck due to jacking force are considered to compute the allowable jacking force for each girder and overall jacking sequence for girders in the deck. Using the solution algorithm developed in this study, the optimum jacking sequence and required jacking force for the prestressed concrete I-type gilder bridge having the standard sections are calculated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 1993

Serious injuries and deaths due to multi-jointed robot occur when a man mispercepts. especially during robot teaching and maintenance work. Since industrial robots often operate with unpredictable motion patterns, establishment of safe speed limit of robot arm is indispensable. An experimental emergency conditions were simulated with a multi-jointed robot. and response characteristics of human operators were measured. The result showed that failure type, robot arm axis. and robot arm speed had significant effects on human reaction time. The reaction time was slightly increased with robot arm speed. though it showed somewhat different pattern owing to failure type. Furthermore the reaction time to the axis which could flex or extend. acting on a workpiece directly. was fastest and its standard deviation was small. The robot arm speed limit securing a‘possible contact zone’based on overrun distance was about 25cm/sec. and in this sense the validity of safe speed limits suggested by many precedent researchers were discussed.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2018

Purpose: The ward division is a representative part of the hospital, where a variety of user activities are performed. Users can be broadly categorized as patients and carers, visitors, and medical staff (doctors and nurses). The relationship between these two is a major issue with ward planning as the patient's place of life centers around the hospital room and the task of the clinical workforce centers around the nursing station (NS). Against this backdrop, the study divides the ward units of the General Hospital of China into patient areas, medical team areas, supply areas, and public domain, with the focus on the ward areas affecting most significantly in the hospital patients. Methods: The theoretical advance studies of the standard ward unit are identified by the associated guidelines, articles, and documentation. Results: This study is a summary analysis of relevant regulations, reference literature, and drawing data from the target hospital. Further work is expected to be undertaken, including further surveys and observational surveys, to produce more detailed results. Implications: It is expected that the research in this paper will provide an effective reference for the future research of China General Hospital Ward department, so as to promote and improve the work system of China General Hospital Ward department.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.127-136
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• 2008

In these days, frequency of constructions on e freeway are increasing according as growing of the importance of e road maintenance and the road management. Work zone on the freeway where vehicles pass with high speed needs control method of lane closure and construction equipment. Because there are seldom researches in domestic study about reflecting characteristics of domestic road, sometimes we have applied for foreign cases to our traffic circumstance but it is not proper to apply for standard of other countries in our cases. foreign nation has different country square, condition of road, and level of people mind. Therefore, this study shows traffic accident characteristics in freeway work zones in Korea. At first, this study collected traffic accident data which include for 3 years $2003{\sim}2005$ in the whole freeway in Korea and then divided the data to five parts - level of the accident, type of the construction work, type of the accident, reason of the accident, according to geometric. According to comparing with non-work zones accident, this study found traffic accident characteristics in freeway work zones in Korea and suggested some alternative ideas for safety of work zones.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.179-194
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• 2022

After the work-study combination PBL method was first introduced into the P-Tech type in 2018, it was introduced into the degree-linked high-skilled professional course in operation as a pilot project in 2020, and ever since each department has reorganized the standard completion system to meet the PBL operation regulations and developed and operated PBL-based learning and training courses accordingly. With the expansion of the work-study combination PBL in 2021, the operating regulations were revised more elaborately. This paper examined the characteristics of the work-study combination PBL, the PBL operation regulations for each degree-linked high-skilled professional course, and the most recently implemented PBL operation regulations in detail through literature research. Based on this research, it introduced the development process and the result of the PBL-based standard completion system by the IT Convergence SW Engineering Department of KOREATECH and the result of the survey conducted to verify the suitability of the standard completion system after an operation and presented the challenges and improvements required for the degree-linked high-skilled professional course in relation to the changing operation regulations for the work-study combination PBL. This study is expected to provide universities with a reference to the development of training courses to smoothly apply the work-study combination PBL. It is also expected to contribute to the establishment and steady expansion of a unique PBL system that reflects the characteristics of work-study combination by presenting discourses on how the work-study combination PBL should develop, including high-skilled professional courses.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.109-115
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• 2009

The objective of this paper is to compare two national guidelines on the VDT work management published by Ministry of Labor(MOL) and Korean Standard(KS), and suggest possible modifications of them. The scope of this paper was limited to the desktop type of VDT jobs, excluding laptop environment. In addition, questionnaires were administered to office workers to collect information on the discomfort levels in meeting the MOL Notification. From ergonomic point of view, the most noticeable differences between two guidelines were found with respect to the heights of chairs and desks. In fact, the ranges specified in each guideline were not the same. In the field surveys, it could be known that work environments should be improved.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.241-243
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• 2002

New types of protocols have been recently in development, all based on an absorbed dose-to-water with the aim of improving the accuracy of measurements of absorbed dose to water. IAEA TRS-277, the air-kerma standard-based present protocol, and IAEA TRS-398 and AAPM TG-51, the absorbed dose-to-water standard-based new one, were studied and compared theoretically and experimentally for photon beams of 6, 10, and 15 MV. NE 2571 and 3 Farmer types of ionization chambers in widely commercial use were used to determine an absorbed dose to water at the reference depth in water. Two different kinds of calibration factors were given respectively for every chamber calibrated in $\^$60/CO gamma ray beams from a Korean Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (KFDA). This work shows that there is around 1 % of difference of absorbed doses measured between two different types of calibration systems owing to different physical parameters and reference conditions used. We hope this work to help form the basis on development of new type of protocol in Korea.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.58.2-58.2
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• 2015

We present a library of high spectral resolution (R ~ 40,000) and high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ~ 200) near-infrared spectra of ~50 late-type stars. The spectra of late-type stars were obtained with Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrograph (IGRINS) covering the full H and K band. The stars are mainly from MK standard stars which have well-defined spectral types and luminosity classes and cover wide ranges of effective temperatures and surface gravities. The spectra are corrected for telluric absorption lines and absolutely flux calibrated using the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry. In this work, we present the preliminary results of spectroscopic diagnostics for stellar physical parameters. Our ultimate goal is to provide a library of near-infrared spectra of standard stars, which covers all spectral types and luminosity classes, with a high spectral resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio.