• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.33-46
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• 2013

Objective : The purpose of this research is to discuss on comparative assessments between virtual reality and task-oriented programs of balance for elderly. Method : 12 healthy elderly for each program are received twice a week for 6 week period. Changes in balance ability were assessed using Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go(TUG), One-Legged Stance Test(OLST) and 5 - Repetition Sit-To-Stand test(5R-STS test). Result : All groups were not statistically meaningful differences between pre- and post-program. However, comparative outcomes among three groups were statistically significant in opening the eyes of One-Legged Stance Test(OLST) from the left and right side, and Berg Balance Scale(BBS). In post hoc, shows a statistically significant in both programs with opening the eyes of One-Legged Stance Test(OLST) from left side. Conclusion : Task-oriented programs is more useful and effective clinical methodology for balance excise programs for elderly. In addition, this clinical trial may be easily implemented by elder care facilities.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examined the difference in the center of pressure (COP) displacement time in older adults according to the obstacle height during stance at each sub.phase when crossing obstacles. Methods: Fifteen older adults were enrolled in this study (${\geq}65$ years of age). The F-scan was used to measure the COP displacement time when crossing a 0, 10 and 40cm obstacle, and the stance phase was divided into 4 sub-phases according to the foot contact pattern. Results: During the stance phase, the COP displacement time increased with increasing obstacle height. During the mid-stance, terminal stance and pre-swing except for the loading response, there were significant differences in the COP displacement time according to the obstacle height. Conclusion: This study suggests that older adults show differences in the COP displacement time according to the stance sub-phase while crossing obstacles, and they use different mechanisms according the sub-phases to maintain balance during obstacle crossing.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.233-238
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• 1988

Human body sways continuously to maintain balance during upright stance. A computer-aided instrumentation system using a force platform has been developed to investigate the body balance. The Kistler force platform and amplifiers were only used to obtain the precise measurements, and the data acquisition and analysis software operating on an IBM PC with A/D converter was developed. This study presents methods for the display of platform center of pressure data on stability study. This system can be used as a tool in evaluating the man's ability to balance and disorders of the nervous system.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 1996

Since Romberg's test in 1953, the analysis of postural sway during upright stance has been widely used as a tool for evaluating balance and disorders of the postural control system. This review describes the methods that have been used to evaluste the static and dynamic performance of the postural control system. Various identification methods of postural control system based on standing balance are discussed and measures of postural sway are described. The application areas of standign balance research, with an emphasis on postural control evaluations, are also briefly described. This review can be used to gain an understanding of the dynamics of human standing balance.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual exercise training programs on the improvement of balance in the elderly women. Methods: The subjects were fifteen female citizens, 67 years of age or older living in G city, the subjects were randomly divided into groups; Virtual exercise training group(n=9), control group (n=6). After treatment measured balance by Berg Balance scale test and One-leg stand test during virtual exercise training program at pre-intervention and post-intervention. Results : The results of this study were as follows : Virtual Exercise Training Program (Wii fit) after applying the Berg balance test scores and One-Legged Stance Test, the evaluation results showed significant results(p<05). Conclusion : Virtual exercise training programs can be used to improve the balance of the elderly, as it has been shown to increase Berg balance test and one-leg stand results conducted after virtual training programs. Virtual Exercise Programs(Wii fit) were applied to demonstrate the effecting the balance of the elderly to promote more research on the impact of the ADL survey.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine immediate effects of 15 minutes plantarflexor static stretching in quite stance. Methods : Twenty-nine subjects were measured static balance during 1 minute in quite stance with eye closed condition before and after 15 minutes plantarflexor static stretching. Static stretching range was limited from $15^{\circ}$ to $20^{\circ}$ dorsiflexion within comfortable range. Results : The result of this study showed that postural sway significantly increased during 1 minute quiet stance after 15 minutes static stretching(p<.05). Before stretching, postural sway significantly decreased during 41-60 seconds compared to 0-20, 21-40 seconds(p<.05). After stretching, postural sway was decreased significantly over time 0-20, 21-40, and 41-60 seconds(p<.05). Conclusion : The prolong plantarflexor static stretching may require biomechanical, neurological adaptations prior to walking or sport activities for safety.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate how COP displacement of a hemiplegic foot in stance phase during gait is related to clinical balance measures and the recovery stage in hemiplegic stroke patients. Twenty-eight functionally ambulant hemiplegic patients who had suffered from strokes and thirty age-matched healthy subjects participated in this study. COP parameters were calculated. Clinical balance was measured using the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). The recovery stage, proprioception, and clonus of the ankles or lower extremities were also measured for physical impairment status. The COPx max-displacement in the medial-lateral side of the stroke patients was significantly longer than that of the normal group (p=.038). The COPy max-displacement in the anterior-posterior side of the stroke patients was significantly shorter than that of normal group (p<.001). Significant differences in the COPx and COPy displacement asymmetry index were found between the two groups (p<.01). The FRT was correlated with the COPx displacement (r=.552) and COPy displacement (r=.765). The TUGT was correlated with the COPy displacement (r=-.588) only. The recovery stage of the lower extremities was correlated with COPy displacement (r=.438). The results of the study indicate that the characteristic of COP displacement in hemiplegic feet in stance phase during gait is related to balance ability and recovery in stroke patients. COP parameters acquired by the mapping of foot pressure in stance phase during gait will provide additional useful clinical information. This information can be used by clinicians to assess objectively the pathologic gait with other diseases and to evaluate the therapeutic effects on gait in stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the immediate effects of applying ankle eversion taping using kinesiology tape in chronic stroke patients-design: a randomized cross-over trial. METHODS: Seventeen stroke patients underwent three interventions in random order. The subjects were initially assigned randomly to an ankle eversion taping, placebo taping, or no taping for each intervention. Ankle eversion taping was used for mechanical correction and was involved in ankle dorsiflexion and eversion. The tape was stretched by 30-40%. Placebo tapping was applied in the same form as eversion tapping but was not stretched. The balance ability was assessed using the Y-balance test. The gait ability was assessed by maximum foot pressure and time of stance phase, and gait speed was assessed using a 10 m walk test (10MWT). All measurements were performed immediately after the intervention. RESULTS: The results showed that the dynamic balance and stance phase time in chronic stroke patients was improved after ankle eversion taping. The ankle eversion taping conditions increased significantly (p < .05) compared to the placebo and no taping conditions. CONCLUSION: The application of ankle eversion taping that uses kinesiology tape instantly increased the gait ability of chronic stroke patients. On the other hand, more research will be needed to identify the long-term effects of ankle eversion taping.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.221-230
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance exercise with vibration stimulation methods on static balance and gait parameters in experienced back pain adults. This study was Three group pretest-posttest design. A total of 30 experienced back pain adults voluntarily participated in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to the resistance exercise with 8 Hz vibration stimulation(n=10), resistance exercise with 30 Hz vibration stimulation(n=10), and lumbar stabilization exercise groups(n=10). The static balance and the gait parameters, as such stance phase, swing phase, stride length and cadence, were measured using balance measuring equipment and gait analysis treadmill at before and after 6 week. Intervention of each group were performed, three times a week for 6 weeks, and 30 minutes a day. The effect of intervention on static balance, stance phase, swing phase, stride length and cadence were significantly differences after 6 weeks in each group(p<.05). In the comparison of the effects between the groups, static balance and stance phase were significantly difference after 6 weeks(p<.05), but in the swing phase, stride length and cadence, there were no significant differences. As a result, it is considered that resistance exercise with vibration stimulation improved leg muscle strength by a mechanism causing muscle contraction, and the strengthened leg muscle enhanced had a positive effect on balance ability. And improved balance ability was considered a more positive effect on walking ability by allowing the body to stably control posture while moving.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 2009

The present study analyzed the association between postural control and electrical stimulation by measuring body sway when use the electrical stimulations were applied to different stimulation zones in lower limbs. The subjects were 14 young adults and were, tested for two different visual condition: eyes open and eyes closed. The experiments were also performed in two different stance case: one legged stance and two legged stance while electrical stimulations were applied concurrently or individually to tibialis anterior and triceps surae. Postural responses were assessed by analyzing COP sway path, sum of COP sway measured by a forceplate. The results showed that the direction of the COP shift changed in accordance with the direction of stimulation and showed sensory adaptation as the experiment progressed for two legged stance case. For one legged stance case, concurrent electrical stimulation both sides of muscles was found to be effective for enhancement of postural balance control.