• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.12
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• pp.845-853
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• 2023

Recently, along with the increase in chemical accidents, the number of accidents-related disasters has been increasing continuously since 2012, and when looking at the hydrogen fluoride incident which is a representative example of domestic chemical incidents, there is insufficient technology applicable to the incident site. The result was that the damage spread. Therefore, in this paper, we will adapt the water pollution accident response system to a location-based approach, and introduce a measurement method for alternative index tracking using a GPS electronic floater of a location-based index measurement method for real-time response in the water environment when a chemical incident occurs. The research target area is Gumi City, which is the area where the hydrogen fluoride incident occurred, and Gamcheon is selected, and alternative tracking using GPS electronic floater is conducted in the corresponding target area through water quality and flow measurement. As a result, it is possible to measure water quality and flow at the same time in tracker experiments using GPS electronic floater based on the research results, it is believed that using GPS electronic floater will be of great help in disaster response systems for spill incidents in the river.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2024

The emergence and spread of Staphylococcus aureus, which is resistant to quinolone antibacterial agents, has made it difficult to treat infectious diseases. Accordingly, this study examined the molecular epidemiological characteristics of quinolone-resistant S. aureus (QRSA) to obtain helpful data for treatment. Mutations in mecA and SCCmec typing, gyrA, and gyrB genes were investigated for QRSA strains isolated from the blood culture specimens at a general hospital in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The ciprofloxacin-resistant strains in SCCmec typing were II (44 strains, 73%), IVa (five strains, 8%), III, and V (one strain, 2%); the non-typeable strains (11 strains, 18%), and levofloxacin (LVX) and moxifloxacin (MXF) strains were II (44 strains, 73%), IVa (five strains, 8%), III, and V (one strain, 2%); the non-typeable strains were 10 (17%). In both gyrA and gyrB regions, there were 58 mutations, or 96.7%. In LVX, there were 56 mutations or 93.3%, and in MXF, there were 57 mutations or 95%. Twelve mutations, six mutations each in gyrA and gyrB, were identified for the QRSA strain. The resistance rate for the quinolone antibiotics of QRSA studied was approximately 98%, and 12 mutations, six each in gyrA and gyrB, were identified in the QRSA strain. Therefore, the rational use of antibiotics needs to be improved.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.77-96
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• 2022

Live commerce has recently received substantial attention due to the spread of the non-face-to-face consumption culture driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Live commerce has a higher purchase conversion rate than other forms of commerce. Accordingly, the likelihood of impulse buying in a live commerce environment is expected to be high. However, there is a shortage of research on consumer impulse buying in the live commerce environment. This study designs a scenario-based experiment using the integrated model of consumption impulse formation and enactment. Through this method, this study validates the influence of the characteristics of live commerce (i.e., vicarious experience and real-time interaction) on consumers' likelihood of impulse buying and further examines the moderating role of a live commerce host feature (i.e., professionalism) in these relationships. The results of this study confirm that both vicarious experience and real-time interaction have a positive effect on consumers' likelihood of impulse buying and that professionalism strengthens the impact of vicarious experience on the likelihood of impulse buying. This study's scenario-based experimental design is meaningful because it analyzes the likelihood of impulse buying in the context of live commerce shopping. Additionally, it provides live commerce service and platform providers with practical insights into how to maximize profits and operate services more efficiently.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.101-116
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• 2024

As the spread of smartphones has become more common and the utilization rate has increased, the mobile shopping market is also growing and expectations for related industries are also increasing. Mobile shopping apps are converging with various industries such as fashion, beauty, and lifestyle, and competition among companies to increase the number of users is intensifying with the activation of non-face-to-face. Accordingly, in this study, a study on the perceived value and intention to use mobile shopping apps was conducted based on a VAM. In order to test the hypothesis of this study, a questionnaire was conducted on 266 people who had used a mobile shopping app and it was used for analysis. Looking at the results, it was confirmed that both usefulness and enjoyment among the perceived benefit of mobile shopping apps have a positive (+) effect on the perceived value. However, it was found that the technicality and perceived risk among the perceived sacrifices of mobile shopping apps did not significantly affect the perceived value. Finally, it was confirmed that the perceived value of the mobile shopping app had a positive (+) effect on the intention to use. Through this study, we would like to examine the factors that can affect perceived value and usage intention in the mobile shopping app industry, which is increasingly competitive among companies along with the rapid growth of mobile technology and market, and suggest practical implications for related companies and officials to establish efficient strategies to further increase mobile shopping app users.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.193-207
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• 2024

Purpose - With the increase of non-face-to-face activities due to the spread of COVID-19, O2O industry has grown rapidly which reduces contact points between suppliers and consumers. O2O platform is now recognized as an indispensable channel of distribution, but the voice is getting louder that it is necessary to check how it contributes to the performance of suppliers or how its fee system or contract terms affects the expansion of O2O industry as the leading companies tend to monopolize the market. Design/methodology/approach - In this study, the scope was limited to the restaurant industry in which transactions are the most active among the O2O industry and a regression analysis was done on 775 businesses that had used guarantor service from the Seoul Credit Guarantee Foundation. Findings - Analysis on the impact of O2O platform system, information, and service quality on the business performance of the sole proprietors revealed that the system quality represented by ease of use and the information quality determined by level of timely, accurate and reliable information provided to the consumers have a statistically significant effect on the improvement of business performance. In addition, the effect of business performance on the loyalty measured by the likelihood of users continuing to use the service as well as recommending it to others was moderated by the satisfaction with contract terms, not by the fee system. Research implications or Originality - Although the number of O2O platform providers has increased manyfold, the membership rate is no more than 20%, which means that the small business owners are still struggling with digital transformation. In order for the O2O industry, which is now commonplace, to form a healthy ecosystem that satisfies both suppliers and consumers, the standard contract guidelines that are acceptable to both parties must be established and the O2O providers must offer services that help suppliers to improve performance.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.139-155
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• 2019

Recently, the domestic e-commerce market has achieved remarkable growth through the spread of e-commerce throughout the industry. Nevertheless, the ratio of e-commerce use by our small and medium-sized enterprises has turned out to be very low. The reason for this low participation rate of SMEs in B2B e-commerce market is due to various reasons, but also the lack of empirical performance measurement and evaluation considering the characteristics of B2B e-commerce market in which SMEs participate. Therefore, this study was intended to analyze the effectiveness of B2B e-commerce use of B2B e-commerce to companies that are provided in conjunction with e-Marketplace by public credit guarantee agencies with experience in use. To this end, 14 items related to finance derived through prior research were used to conduct management performance analysis and hypothesis verification from a financial perspective. The implications of this study are expected to be that an empirical performance analysis from the financial perspective of a B2B e-commerce guarantee Utilized company can be used as a basis for policymaking for the activation of the B2B e-commerce guarantee in the future, thus contributing to the establishment of a stable business environment by supporting the expansion of e-commerce by small and medium-sized businesses.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 2024

Bovine mastitis-associated Escherichia coli (BMEC) is considered the main causative agent of significant financial losses in the dairy industry worldwide, as it alters both the quantity and quality of milk produced and increases the rate of culling. This creates a variety of challenges for researchers, veterinarians, and farmers in understanding and determining the most effective therapies and diagnostic techniques. Subclinical mastitis is particularly concerning, as infected bovines exhibit no obvious symptoms and continue to secrete apparently normal milk over an extended period, allowing the causative pathogen, E. coli, to spread within the herd. For effective prevention, understanding the pathogenesis of mastitis through three stages invasion, infection, and inflammation is essential. To date, no clear correlation has been found between virulence factors and pathogenicity contributing to the clinical severity of BMEC. Multidrug-resistant E. coli and the evolution of novel resistance mechanisms have become concerns owing to the extensive use of antibiotics to treat mastitis. Therefore, it is vital to explore alternative controls to enhance the efficacy of BMEC treatment. Over the past 30 years, various genetic typing techniques have been used to examine the subspecies-level epidemiology of bovine mastitis. These studies have advanced our understanding of the origin, transmission pathway, population structure, and evolutionary relatedness of BMEC strains. In this review we provide an overview of BMEC, including insights into its etiology, genetic relationship, pathogenesis, and management of the disease, as well as new therapy options.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.329-343
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• 2004

We conducted to investigate citizen's attitude to the treatment of food waste in Yongin city. The respondent of $41.81\%$ throws the food waste eliminate from home and store less than 1l in Yongin. When they dump the food waste, they speak out the inconvenience of damaged envelope by animals in case of home and store. This caused troubles for reason of sanitary. So a local autonomous entity must carefully consider of expand use specially designed container as like apartment house. They give an answer that the collecting time of food waste is suitable form dawn till morning. This answer shows the satisfaction of the period time to collect the food waste. They prefer to be appointed the exclusive place to collect food waste. The service interval of collect is suitable 1 time a day. They want to increase the number of washing of the collecting container. This is good method for sanitary condition, but the care of the period time to collect the food waste is more efficient than the care of the number of washing the collecting container. The care of the period time minimizes to incur the enmity of the people and to pollute in environment. The major of respondent handled the food waste after keeping the basket or a kit. This fact shows to us almost citizen doesn't feel the seriousness to remove the moisture of the food waste. Recently, many solutions which can be disposal efficiently are getting magnified and improved owing to increase utilities channel to loss in quantities and dry the food waste. We expect the reduction of food waste is solved getting easily step by step. The results of the awareness about the facility of food waste show citizen prefer recycling facility to the other facilities. If recycle facility and incineration facility are constructed, they were worried about bed smell. When some facility of the food waste is constructed, they have to maintain and to handle not to incur the enmity of the people. The spread rate of specially designed container already increased, the citizen set a high value on the use of specially designed container more than amount-rate vinyl envelope that people have used for several years. In the cost treatment about food waste, the major respondent answered the use cost of specially designed container is suitable price. So we can know the use charge is proper level. The majority of citizen more prefer autonomous plan which voluntary atmosphere creation and public information by mass media than levy system and rising treatment cost which forced plan. The citizens have pretty positive thinking of incineration, so the government needs more efforts for a public notice, which includes the incineration is no more than abandoned thing. Each of local self government has to sort the food waste and make kind of resource system related to collecting and carrying, constructing a suitable facility, proper disposal of the food waste and producing harmless in our surrounding in order to solve the invisible problems. To do above mentioned things, we have to analyze referred several problems till now. Also, to minimize the side effect, the government will have to improve through enforce the system.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2008

To product grafts and construct its spread-system effectively, this study was carried out to investigate into effects on the survival percentage and growth in walnut trees(Juglans sinensis Dode) according to transplanting type and post-epicotyl grafting treatment. In the average survival percentage of the grafting according to post-epicotyl grafting transplanting type, TPGB1(transplanting in grafting bed) showing 89.02% was highest. Also, the survival percentage was different from appropriate temperature and humidity within treatment. As a result of the average survival percentage of the grafting by species, KWN-3 having 81.59% was highest with high survival percentage of total treatment in general. In addition, it is concluded that the nutrition condition of scions and collecting parts are strongly related to survival percentage on having significantly difference of its survival percentage by species. The growth rate of the survival grafts by transplanting type after grafting revealed that all of the investigation items(height and diameter growth of grafts, diameter growth of scions and etc.) resulted in same trend. TPGB1 having the highest tree height growth, 15.97cm($2.0{\sim}59.0cm$), showed the highest growth on diameter growth of shoots, 7.55mm($1.65{\sim}14.71mm$), and scions, 8.12mm($1.82{\sim}13.58mm$), as well. In the growth of each treatment according to different developing parts of shoots in grafts, the lateral bud, 12.05cm, was much superior to the terminal bud,9.57cm, on only graft height growth. However, the survival rate according to collecting parts of scions and developing parts of shoots with same treatment was not different with among-species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.1604-1611
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• 2011

In this study we assessed the effects of gamma irradiation (50 kGy) on cookies to which was added various concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%) of hot water extract from seamustad (Undaria pinnatifida) sporophylls (WEUS) for future industry use. The pH of the dough went down significantly with the addition of WEUS. However, density was not related to that. The spread ratio of the cookies increased significantly as more WEUS was added to the cookie recipe, and cookies containing gamma-irradiated extract were taller than non-irradiated cookies with the same concentration. The loss rate of cookies was the same between control and experiment groups. On the other hand, the leavening rate significantly increased upon the addition of WEUS, and gamma-irradiated cookies were higher than non-irradiated cookies in the same concentration. The L value of cookies was much reduced with higher WEUS content, but the b value showed no significant differences between the control and experiment groups. The a value showed no significant difference for non-irradiated groups, but did for gamma-irradiated groups. Upon the addition of WEUS, hardness was shown to be higher than the control. The antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging, was significantly higher with the control cookies, and upon the addition of WEUS, the gamma-irradiated cookies had higher antioxidant effects than non-irradiated cookies. The sensory evaluation showed that cookies made with WEUS have a positive impact in color, smell, taste, texture, and overall acceptability, but the sensory evaluation worsened with a lot of WEUS. The results of acceptability were higher in cookies with 3% the non-irradiated group and 1% the gamma-irradiated group. These results suggest that the 1% gamma-irradiated group was in the best condition to use in the industry since just a little of it makes exceptional quality, sensory properties, and functionality.