• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.132-142
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a traffic lights detection method using visual attention and spot-lights detection. To detect traffic lights in city streets at day and night time, the proposed method is used the structural form of a traffic lights such as colors, intensity, shape, textures. In general, traffic lights are installed at a position to increase the visibility of the drivers. The proposed method detects the candidate traffic lights regions using the top-down visual saliency model and spot-lights detect models. The visual saliency and spot-lights regions are positions of its difference from the neighboring locations in multiple features and multiple scales. For detecting traffic lights, by not using a color thresholding method, the proposed method can be applied to urban environments of variety changes in illumination and night times.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2011

Three spot gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus Pallas, 1770) is a teleost belonging to Belontiidae. The oogenesis of three spot gourami was investigated by light microscope. The ovary was of light peach color and ellipsoidal shape with the major axis 2 cm and the minor axis 1 cm. Cytoplasm of oogonia was basophilic and many nucleoli were located at inside of nuclear membrane. In primary oocyte, lipid droplets were distributed only in the marginal area first, than at nuclear envelope near. In secondary oocyte, the egg envelope was formed and yolk vesicles was formed in the marginal area. The basophilic substance of cytoplasm was changed to acidic. In case of matured egg, thickness of egg envelope and size of egg were increased. The yolk vesicles were changed to yolk mass in accordance with development. The fertilized eggs were the colorless, transparent, spherical, adhesive and pelagic type. A large oil droplet was located in vitelline membrane of the fertilized egg. In conclusion, the oogenesis of three spot gourami was characterized by the increase in cell size, the formations of lipid droplets and yolk, the decrease of basophilic substance in the cytoplasm, and formation of one large oil droplets.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.4
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• pp.71-78
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• 2003

The wooden striker on the Divine Bell of King Seongdeok was examined to identify the species of the wood and the outdoor wood weathering caused by solar light, moisture, temperature and air. The species of the wooden striker was identified to Zelkova serrata. When observed the striker with naked eyes, the results were surface discoloration (graying), cracking and roughness. In order to examine the morphological changes according to deterioration type, the specimen were separated to three part(I, II,III-spot). The I-spot was discolored to gray and at the same time entirely covered with dust. So the observation was impossible. The II-spot was also discolored but its texture could be observed. On it could observe numerous fungal hypae and dirts like dust flown into the cell lumens. The cell wall has been so weakened by weathering that it lost the physical intensity. This have made microchecks and splits on the cell wall. Although fungal hypae covered the cell, they did not result in wood decay. The III-spot, located just 0.5 mm below the surface, was maintaining the natural red-brown color of the wood. Its cell wall was similar to that of sound wood. These changes are different from wood decay, and limited only to the surface of the striker-less than or equal to 0.5 mm below.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.141-152
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• 1996

Many eastern females concern themselves about the condition and the color of their skin. The purpose of the present study is to classify the skin trouble and the change of the facial color due to hormonal cycle in female. We examined the actual cricumstances by questionnaires, and made patch tests of methyl nicotinate, representing rubefacient, to estimate the epidermal penetratin rate, and measured the facial color change during the menstrual cycle period to invest the correlation factors between skin trouble due to cosmetics and facial color change. Fifty-two percent of subjects had skin trouble relating to cosmetics. One second of subjects with skin trouble due to cosmetic complained the change of sysptom by menstrual cycle. The changes of systptom were related on premenstrual period. The skin trouble developed mainly on the first trimester of the pregnancy. In patch test of methyl nicotinate, most cases showed decreased threshold of the reaction on minstruation, and other cases showed increased reactivity of the skin of menstruation. In facial color measurements, it proves in the appearance of red spot, darkness, increasing the value and turning the hue to yellowish, Also it demonstrates that premenstruation hue turn red and value level decrease. During the period, facial color turns pale and hue progress to yellow. This fact coincides with the questionnaire. We have quqntified through questionnaire, which demonstrates it has good correlation with done to the subjects among the internal environment factors hormonal cycle influences the facial color change and the skin trouble due to cosmetics. Through this paper the development of an more fragmented make-up and skin care products is required to increase the interest to females, to make true the creation of beauty.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.87-102
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• 2004

By introducing Mondrian's creative world into the field of fashion design, I examined how its application can satisfy not only visual expressions but also the desire of fashion design for its simplicity, individuality, and sensitivity. As a program developing designs and guiding how to produce, the textile CAD system helps to develop a variety of textile systems. In case of dying or textile printing, a variety of free expressions of print patterns and functional color simulations are possible by the configuration of colors or enlargement of design. It can also confirm the flexible simulation with a variety of color changes through the monitor by treating the knit design with dots. Especially in case of consulting for the design with ordering customers, the system is very speedy and effective, because it is possible to correct on the spot those complicated elements of designs and color sensation and see the prints in the light of marketing, processing and artistic value. Mondrian's Art, beauty of balance and proportion in the Mondrian's plastic forms, the changes of coloring and texture were added into vertical and horizontal lines and the divisions of faces for the dressmaking. Whether they were the reciprocal action of human body, texture and color or the reciprocal action of human body and colors, these changes will be interpreted differently, depending on the individuals' experiences and psychological moods of situations. The emphases of the sense are also different, depending on the activity and functionality.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 2012

It is possible to enhance the color of the natural diamond with a high pressure high temperature(HPHT) process. We employed a pyrophyllite tube cell and cubic press apparatus for HPHT treatment on the brown colored Type II (5.6 GPa/ $1700^{\circ}C$/ 52 min), and Type I aB(5.6 GPa/ $1650^{\circ}C$/ 30 min) diamond samples. We investigated the microstructure, Types, fluorescence, properties of the diamonds with an optical microscopy, FT-IR, photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy, Diamond-View, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Two tinted brown diamonds changed into colorless just after the HPHT process. Optical microscopy showed that no crack and significant inclusion evolution occurred during the HPHT process except the small graphite spot appeared in Type I aB sample. FTIR spectrum confirmed that no Type, amber center, and platelet defect change with the HPHT treatment. Diamond-View could not distinguish the HPHT treated diamonds from the naturals. PL spectroscopy showed that N3 and H3 color centers remained even after HPHT process. Consequently, we successfully changed the color of diamonds into colorless by 5.6 GPa HPHT process.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.227-230
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• 1993

A new device to detect methamphetamine (MA), amphetamine(A) and its metabolites in urine was developed using the paper strip method and the test tube method of dry chemical reagents. The reagent containing tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester (TBPE) and borax. For the TBPE paper strip method, a device was prepared with a window at each end of the reagent paper strip ; one window is for the sample application, and the other window is for the methylene chloride. The diffused sample from one window reacts with reagent in the paper and produces color at the point where it meets with methylene chloride which has diffused form the other side. A positive smaple produces as red-purple color and the negative sample a greenish color, with a detection limit of 5-10 ppm. The result can be obtained within one minute. For the TBPE test tube method which contains dry reagents, the detection limit is 5 ppm and the result can be obtaineed within 30 seconds, however the carry-on is not as convenient as the paper strip method. The performance of both methods were evlauated by comparing with the results of gas chromatography (GC) and fluorescence polarizaiton immunoassay (FPIA). The results were proven that both methods were useful as primary screening reagents to detect MA in urine and in dry powder.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2003

This study investigated the effect of different electrical stunning methods on pH, water holding capacity(WHC), cooking loss(CL), meat color and blood spot rate in broilers. One-hundred and forty broiler chickens were slaughtered by 50, 65 and 90 voltage with the same electrical frequency(255 Hz) and stunning time(5 sec) in commercial abattoir. The ultimate pH of leg muscle and WHC of breast muscle decreased with increasing the stunning voltage. However, there were no significant differences in ultimate pH, WHC and CL of breast muscle, and ultimate pH of leg muscle. Lightness(L*) and yellowness(b*) values of leg muscle stunned with 90V, 255 Hz, 5 sec were higher than those stunned with 50V, 255 Hz for 5 sec(p<0.05). But there were no significant differences in color value on skin, breast and wing muscle. Our experiments showed that change of stunning voltage affected some broiler meat quality parameters. However, further research is necessary to examine the effects of stunning condition on broiler meat quality.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 1999

Effect of an antagonistic bacterium AF-2001, Pseudomonas cepacia, on control of turfgrass diseases as brown patch, Pythium blight, dollar spot, and large patch were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. 1. Pseudomonas cepacia AF-2001 showed antagonism against to the pathogens causing brown patch, Pythium blighe, dollar spot and large patch. Especially, the biological agent showed strong antagonistic effect on the causal pathogens of brown patch, dollar spot, and anthracnose, but weak on Pythium blight 2. Populotion density of P. cepacia AR-2001 decreased ra;idly in turfgrass soils. Initial population of the agent was 2.4$\times$107 cfu/g soil, however, decreased to 1.4$\times$103, 6$\times$102 and 0 cfu/g soil on 10, 20, and 30 days after application, respectively. 3. Under the controlled controlled conditions of $27^{\circ}C$ and 95% RH, P. cepacia AR-2001 showed 100% control efficacy on brown patch either by pre-treatment or post-treatment of infection. However, Pythium blight was controlled about 94% by pre-treatment and only 29% by post-treatment 4. In field trials, P. cepacia AF-2001 did not suppress large patch and the control efficacy on other turfgrass diseases was lower than agro-chemicals such as tebuconazole and metalaxyl. Control efficacy of brown patch, Pythium and dollar spot by the biological agent was 57.4%, 40.4%, 61.5~87%, respectively. 5. Growth, color and texture of creeping bentgrass were not differ significantly between AF-2001 treatment and untreated control.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.117-119
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• 2002

Leaf spot disease was found on broad bean (vicia faba) in several farmer's fields located in Changseon-myon, Namhae-gun, Gyeongnam province, Korea. The typical symptoms of the disease were appeared on leaves, stems and pods. The infection rates of the disease in the surveyed area were ranged from 8.4 to 46.8％. Colonies formed on PDA were developed aerial hyphae with grayish white, which later turned olive-green to black. Conidia were dark brown in color, long ellipsoid to elongated ovoid, obclavate and 23.7~61.3$\times$7.2~16.8 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Septa were 4~10 transvers, 1~2 longitudinal or oblique. Conidiophores were solitary or fascicles and 18~113$\times$3~6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. The optimum temperature for growth of the fungus was about 3$0^{\circ}C$. This is the first report on the leaf spot of broad bean caused by Alternaria tenuissima in Korea.