• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.121-139
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• 2020

A variety of the approaches to the unification of the South Korea and North Korea have been implemented based on both the view of the national-centered unification and that of the reunification of the South and North Korea as a unit of nation through political, economic, military and diplomatics. A culture itself plays a significant role for people to understand one another through communicating and sharing cultural values. At this point, Korean-Wave called'Hallyu' should have various meanings and values for the reunification of South and North Korea. It has been expanded to the world beyond Asia as an icon of the culture. In this situation, North Korea is not exceptional. In other words, North Korea should be influenced by the Korean wave. Sharing a cultural value about Korean-Wave between South and North Koreans would be a way to speed up the reunification by having a common sense about the national identifications. The culture of Hallyu reflecting on the national identification could be helpful to enhance national pride and play a part for curing for the scarlet letters that they have got since the Korea was divided by two parts. The North Korean government's distorted policy to have blamed for the South Korean governing would be challenged if the Korean-wave would be epidemic in the Korean peninsular. In addition, if the North Koreans would be perceptive to the real freedom and universal value for the humanity, it would be more feasible for two Koreas to be reunified than before. In fact, it must serve as a catalyst for the reunification, two Koreas experiencing the Korean wave as a cultural value. As a result, the reunification for the people should have a meaning of the universal value as like everyone in the world can pursue for their own happiness. Through the Hallyu, That is, the change of the people's perception to the reunification will facilitate the reunification of two Koreas more than we expected.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.50-59
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• 2021

Currently, the response correction factor is calculated by comparing the response measured by the load test on a bridge with the response analyzed in the initial analytical model. Then the load rating and the load carrying capacity are evaluated. However, the response correction factor gives a value that fluctuates depending on the measurement location and load condition. In particular, when the initial analytical model is not suitable for representing the behavior of a bridge, the range of variation is large and the analysis response by the calibrated model may give a result that is different from the measured response. In this study, a pseudo-static load test was applied to obtain static response with dynamic components removed under various load conditions of a vehicle moving at a low speed. Static response was measured on two similar PSC-I girder bridges, and the response correction factors for displacement and strain were calculated for each of the two bridges. When the initial analysis model was not properly set up, it is verified that the response of the analytical model corrected by the average response correction factor does not fall within the margin of error with the measured response.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.848-859
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• 2022

This paper presents a novel 360-degree video streaming system for large-scale immersive displays and its ongoing implementation. Recent VR systems aim to provide a service for a single viewer on HMD. However, the proposed 360-degree video streaming system enables multiple viewers to explore immersive contents on a large-scale immersive display. The proposed 360-degree video streaming system is being developed in 3 research phases, with the final goal of providing 6DoF. Currently, the phase 1: implementation of the 3DoF 360-degree video streaming system prototype is finished. The implemented prototype employs subpicture-based viewport-dependent streaming technique, and it achieved bit-rate saving of about 80% and decoding speed up of 543% compared to the conventional viewport-independent streaming technique. Additionally, this paper demonstrated the implemented prototype on UCSB AlloSphere, the large-scale instrument for immersive media art exhibition.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.241-250
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of backward walking exercise on changes in the cervical angle and gait parameters in subjects with moderate forward head posture. Methods : Four subjects were selected for this study. In particular, subjects with an average of 43 subjects with moderate craniovertebral angles were selected as the criteria for subject selection. The exercise program consisted of a 5 minutes warm-up exercise, 20 minutes main exercise, and 5 minutes cool-down exercise. In the main exercise, the treadmill speed was 2.5 km/h for men, 2.0 km/h for women in the first week, from the 2nd week to the 4th week, it was increased by 0.5 km/h every week. Results : Craniovertebral angle increased by 2.06±2.46 ° before and after the backward walking exercise, and craniorotational angle decreased by -1.69±3.33 ° before and after exercise. As for the gait parameters, in the amount of change before and after the backward walking exercise, the left foot pressure was 4.58±5.70 % from front to back and the right foot pressure was 5.08±3.06 % from front to back. The left step length and right step length showed a change of -.33±4.43 cm and -2.08±7.26 cm, respectively. stride length showed a change of -2.59±11.18 cm. The left and right stance phase showed a change of -1.02±2.03 % and -1.23±1.54 %, respectively. The left and right swing phase showed changes of 1.02±2.03 % and 1.22±1.53 %, respectively. The left and right step times were -.01±.06 sec and -.02±.12 sec, respectively. The stride time showed a change of -.03±.18 sec. Conclusion : Changes in cervical angle and gait parameters were confirmed by performing backward walking exercise for subjects with moderate forward head posture for 4 weeks. Therefore, additional research should be conducted based on this case study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1627-1634
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• 2021

This paper introduces a low-power compact ADC circuit for analog Convolutional filter for low-power neural network accelerator SOC. While convolutional neural network accelerators can speed up the learning and inference process, they have drawback of consuming excessive power and occupying large chip area due to large number of multiply-and-accumulate operators when implemented in complex digital circuits. To overcome these drawbacks, we implemented an analog convolutional filter that consists of an analog multiply-and-accumulate arithmetic circuit along with an ADC. This paper is focused on the design optimization of a low-power 8bit SAR ADC for the analog convolutional filter accelerator We demonstrate how to minimize the capacitor-array DAC, an important component of SAR ADC, which is three times smaller than the conventional circuit. The proposed ADC has been fabricated in CMOS 65nm process. It achieves an overall size of 1355.7㎛², power consumption of 2.6㎼ at a frequency of 100MHz, SNDR of 44.19 dB, and ENOB of 7.04bit.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.67-96
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• 2022

"Aid in Dying" means that when a decision-making patient suffers from an incurable disease, a drug that can speed up death is prescribed by a doctor and used to lead to death. Since the suspension of life-sustaining treatment was institutionalized based on human dignity and patient autonomy, the question of whether assisted death can be legally justified in relation to the right to receive medical help to shorten one's life to die with dignity has recently been actively discussed. In Korea, since the suspension of life-sustaining treatment was institutionalized by the enactment of the Life-sustaining Treatment Decision Act in 2016, an amendment to the Life-sustaining Treatment Act was recently proposed to legalize Aid in Dying. The global trend is that human "Right to Die" is discussed in the division of life and death, from the suspension of life-sustaining treatment to assisted death, and again in the order of euthanasia. In this paper, we started discussing dignified death and institutionalized patients' right to self-determination, looked at the controversy in the United States, which legislated assisted death in many states since the 2000s, and analyzed the main contents of California's End of Life Option Act and the data after enforcement. The strict requirements for Aid in Dying, such as voluntary confirmation of patients' intentions and doctors' obligation to provide information, and the results of California's Aid in dying system, composed of relatively diverse races, were reviewed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.889-898
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• 2022

In this paper, parallel computing method on the three-dimensional electromagnetic field is proposed. The present electromagnetic scattering analysis is conducted based on the time-harmonic vector wave equation and the finite element method. The edge-based element and 2^nd -order absorbing boundary condition are used. Parallelization of the elemental numerical integration and the matrix assemblage is accomplished by allocating the partitioned finite element subdomain for each processor. The graph partitioning library, METIS, is employed for the subdomain generation. The large sparse matrix computation is conducted by MUMPS, which is the parallel computing library based on the multi-frontal method. The accuracy of the present program is validated by the comparison against the Mie-series analytical solution and the results by ANSYS HFSS. In addition, the scalability is verified by measuring the speed-up in terms of the number of processors used. The present electromagnetic scattering analysis is performed for a perfect electric conductor sphere, isotropic/anisotropic dielectric sphere, and the missile configuration. The algorithm of the present program will be applied to the finite element and tearing method, aiming for the further extended parallel computing performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1251-1251
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• 2001

The routine analysis of milk chemical components is of major importance both for the management of animals in dairy farms and for quality control in dairy industries. NIRS technology is an analytical technique which greatly simplifies this routine. One of the most critical aspects in NIRS analysis of milk is sample preparation and analysis modes which should be fast and straightforward. An important difficulty when obtaining NIR spectra of milk is the high water content (80 to 90%) of this product, since water absorbs most of the infrared radiation, and, therefore, limits the accuracy of calibrating for other constituents. To avoid this problem, the DESIR system was set up. Other ways of radiation-sample interaction adapted for liquids or semi-liquids exist, which are practically instantaneous and with limited or null necessity of sample preparation: Transmission and Folded Transmission or Transflectance. The objective of the present work is to compare the precision and accuracy of milk calibration equations in two analysis modes: Reflectance (dry milk) and Folded Transmission (liquid milk). A FOSS-NIR Systems 6500 I spectrophotometer (400-2500 nm) provided with a spinning module was used. Two NIR spectroscopic methods for milk analysis were compared: a) folded transmission: liquid milk samples in a 0.1 pathlength sample cell (ref. IH-0345) and b) reflectance: dried milk samples in glass fibre filters placed in a standard ring cell. A set of 101 milk samples was used to develop the calibration equations, for the two NIR analysis modes, to predict casein, protein, fat and dry matter contents, and 48 milk samples to predict Somatic Cell Count (SCC). The calibrations obtained for protein, fat and dry matter have an excellent quantitative prediction power, since they present $r^2$ values higher than 0.9. The $r^2$ values are slightly lower for casein and SCC (0.88 and 0.89 respectively), but they still are sufficiently high. The accuracy of casein, protein and SCC equations is not affected by the analysis modes, since their ETVC values are very similar in reflectance and folded transmission (0.19% vs 0.21%; 0.16% vs 0.19% and 55.57% vs 53.11% respectively), Lower SECV values were obtained for the prediction of fat and dry matter with the folded transmission equations (0.14% and 0.25% respectively) compared to the results with the reflectance ones (0.43% and 0.34% respectively). In terms of accuracy and speed of analytical response, NIRS analysis of liquid milk is recommended (folded transmission), since the drying procedure takes 24 hours. However, both analysis modes offer satisfactory results.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.243-249
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• 1996

To formalize the mechanization technique so as to build up competitiveness on the international market, a detail survey of a 104ha size rice farm, was made. And calculated to find out how many machine of each calibre are needed. It was found that he needed : 3 farm tractors, 3 combines, 4 grain dryers, 1 speed sprayer, 100 man days of labor for sowing, application of fertilizer and herbicide, respectively. And also needed 150 man days for combine harvesting and 60 man days for disease and pest control. It was found also that well timed harvesting is critically needed to keep rice quality. Because, in case when harvesting machine was beakdown to make harvesting time extended, then the quality drops down very much and also the farm income fall very much. Therefore, it is recommended that the amount of machine needed should be prepared and they should be well maintained so that harvest be completed in time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1169-1178
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• 2022

This study examines an effective operational plan of a maritime safety enforcement task that is distributed in the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries and the Korea Coast Guard for maritime safety. Considering the sinking of the MV Sewol and Seohae vessels and the MV Hebei Spirit oil spill, normally marine safety accidents tend to not only damage human life, property, and marine environment but can also expand to disasters; therefore, precautionary measures are required. However, the Korean government takes superficial efforts in case of large-scale accidents. In case of the MV Sewol ferry, the government only focused on punishing the officials involved as a follow up and never mentioned any effective plan, such as "unification of maritime safety enforcement," in contrast to an advanced country. As a result, there are endless major and minor backward accidents. The probability of large-scale maritime accidents and backwardness accidents is increasing owing to vessels becoming large sized, high speed, and aged; sailors being unqualified; port traffic increase, development of marine leisure; and inefficiency dual marine safety systems. Therefore, based on the review of previous studies related to maritime safety, major advanced country's cases, and unified case of the vessel traffic service, this study suggests effective methods such as coastal vessel safety management, port state control and aid to navigation management, which are directly connected with maritime safety.