• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2010

In this paper, the pitch is detected after the elimination of formant ingredients by flattening the spectrum in frequency domain. In order to remove impact of formant and transition frequency in the signal spectrum, formant envelop is made by linear interpolation with any points each sub-band and the spectrum of speech signal is compensated by the reverse of the envelop interpolated linearly after we divide frequency band into several segment based on LSP and detect the points. The experimental result showed the proposed method appeared an outstanding performance in compared with LPC, Cepstrum, Lifter methods. The method reduced the gross error rate 1.30% than the LPC method which appeared a good performance except the proposed method. Also, the proposed method showed low error rate in noise environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2004

Vocal Register Transition(Passaggio) is one of the most important vocal technique for classically trined male singers(tenor). Passaggio is that it bridges the chest register to head register without a noticeable voice break. Vocalist gest the feeling that voice is not locked a particular register. The purpose of this study was to clarify the difference between easy($B_3$) tone and non passaggio(F#_4$) & passaggio(F#_4$). We selected 6 trained singers(tenor), who had more than 12.6 years of experience and were well trained in passaggio technique. Simulataneous measurement was performed frequency(F0), mean flow rate(MFR), intensity(I), and subglottal pressure(Psub) using a phonatory function analyzer(Nagashima) and Closed Quotient(CQ), Jitter, Shimmer, NHR a Electro-glottography(EGG) of Lx. Speech Studio(Laryngogrph Lt, London, UK) and vocal efficiency was calculated by Carroll's method. For the tenor, target tone/a/was measured in three conditions : 1) easy phonation : $B_3$, 2) high tone without passaggio : F#_4$, 3) high tone with passaggio : F#_4$). The results revealed that F0 of the target tones between non-passaggio group and passaggio group were not significantly different though higher is F0, higher is subglottal pressure. And also CQ, MFR, Psub were increased in passagio than nonpssagio but these values were not statistically different. This study concluded that passaggio is the vocal technique to make the same quality of tone between chest register and head register in tenor.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.24-35
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to form a linked model in which local institutions related to lifelong education for the disabled can cooperate based on the Daegu University K-PACE Center. The contents of the study started with recognizing the problem that the adult-centered lifelong education support system does not effectively cope with these factors, even though the independent life of people with developmental disabilities is a major factor determining the quality of life. Regarding this problem recognition, this study primarily emphasized the view that educational support for independent life of people with developmental disabilities should establish the context of the school foundation. The context of the school foundation is established for lifelong education centered on adulthood for people with developmental disabilities because the curriculum is embodied through the standards of subject matter education. In this regard, the Daegu University K-PACE Center, which established a curriculum that supports the independent life of people with developmental disabilities in terms of linking higher and lifelong education, actually reflects the context of the school foundation. As a result, this study prepared a strategy that could be considered as a transition to advance the curriculum organized by the Daegu University K-PACE Center, and the strategy was secondarily reflected as a procedure that could be linked to local lifelong education-related institutions for the disabled. Finally, this study presented a form of transition in which people with developmental disabilities can access the curriculum of lifelong education through the connection of local lifelong education-related institutions for the disabled, centering on the entire life of adulthood.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1217-1227
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• 2017

Deep learning has been studied explosively and has achieved excellent performance in areas like image and speech recognition, the application areas in which computations have been challenges with ordinary machine learning techniques. The theoretical study of deep learning has also been researched toward improving the performance. In this paper, we try to find a key of the success of the deep learning in rich and efficient expressiveness of the deep learning function, and analyze the theoretical studies related to it.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.416-429
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• 2018

In social constructivist teaching, knowledge construction is achieved through learners' collective social interaction. Vygotsky argued that this process is mediated with language use, and the development of higher order thinking is realized through the transition from inter-personal psychological functions to intra-personal psychological functions. In so doing scientific concepts are internalized to learners. This study examined the third grade elementary students' inter/intra-personal psychological functions and their internalization processes during social constructivist teaching plan about strata and fossils. The lessons were designed along with Wells' dialogic inquiry and Leach and Scott's social constructivist teaching-learning sequences. Results showed that a teacher's utterances of talking with questioning to switch attention, creating cognitive disequilibrium, and expanding the width of students' opinions could make effective inter-personal psychological function. In addition, a learner's inner speech expressed into social discourse through talking about personal experiences, comparing epistemic idea with visual representation, or applying to different situation showed his/her intra-personal psychological function. Some cases of learners' internalization through language use could be at the stage of knowledge building and understanding of the spiral of knowing, but not all. Thus it is argued that a teacher's deeper insight into Vygotskian social constructivist teaching can make elementary science classroom teaching more effective in their inter/intra-psychological functions.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.33
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• pp.271-291
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• 2013

Cartoons exhibit contents and images and deliver them to readers by repeating frames. Frames embody the cross sectional factors of space-time, and the repetition of frames makes those cross sectional factors into a continuous flow. The gutter, which exists between frames, takes the role to make the continuous flow link smoothly, and at the beginning stage of the gutter, the operating of the gutter was usually passive by the frame meanings. However, the gutter is not just a medium for linking the frames, but is an efficient participation device for creating new expression methods of cartoon organization. By producing new directing methods for cartoon organization, the distinctive functions of the gutter have been kept alive with cartoon history. The distinctive functions of the gutter can be divided largely into transition function, reminiscence function, speech balloon function, pen function, and decorative function. And those functions perform actively as direct expression method of the gutter. When those functional methods are expressed by the author's intention and the frequency of them is generalized according to described contents, using each author's individual differences can suggest direction for new directing organization of cartoons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.758-761
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• 2007

Digital signal processing technique is applied in wide fields such as speech processing, image processing and spectrum analysis. Therefore, in order to do frequency selective operation digital filter is used in stead of analog filter and sharp filter characteristics can be implemented. Since finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter as nonrecursive type represents linear phase response characteristics and is always stable and is used in fields regarding wave information importantly such as data transmission. And due to frequency characteristics, in order to remove the Gibbs phenomenon generating around a discontinuous point, filter is designed through window function method. Therefore, in this paper to improve performance of FIR digital filter, a modified window function was applied. And the proposed method was compared with conventional methods using peak side-lobe and transition properties in simulations.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.103-120
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• 2007

The knowledge based economy requires more and more people to learn new knowledge and skills in a timely and effective manner. These needs and new technology such as computer and Internet are fueling a transition in e-learning. According to specialist's opinion, imagination experience studying is generalized, and learning environment that language barrier by studying, multi-language studying Machine that experience past things that disappear through simulation, and travel area, and experience future changed state disappears is forecasting to come. This is previewing finally that it may become future education that education and IT, element of entertainment is combined. Already, became story that argument for party satellite of e-Learning existence passes one season already. e-Learning is utilized already in all educations that we touch by effectiveness by corporation's competitive power improvement and implement of lifelong education in educational institutions through present e-Learning. It is obvious that when see from our viewpoint which is defining e-Learning by one industry and rear by application to education as well as one new growth power about these, e-Learning industry becomes very important means that can solve dilemma of growth real form. Only, special quality of digital industry that e-Learning is being same with other digital industry and repeat putting out a fire rapidly, and is repeating sudden change that these evolution is not gradual growth of accumulation and improvement of technology that is appearing consider need to. In the meantime, we need to observe about evolution of Information Technology. Because there is some scholars who e-Learning's concept foresees to evolve by u-Learning.(although, a person who see that these concept is not more in marketing terminology by some scholars' opinion is). This u-Learning's concept means e-Learning that take advantage of ubiquitous technology as Ubiquitous-Learning's curtailment speech. Ubiquitous, user means Information-Communication surrounding that can connect to network freely regardless of place without feeling network or computer. There is controversy about introduction time regarding these direction, but e-Learning is judged to evolve by u-Learning necessarily. Because keep in step and age that study all contents that learner wants under environment of 3A (any time, any whrer, any device) by individual order thoroughly is foreseen to come in ubiquitous learning environment that approach more festinately.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.201-210
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the general characteristics, effect size, and qualitative indicators of self-advocacy studies of people with developmental disabilities published in domestic academic journals and theses. For this purpose, among a total of 2153 papers related to self-advocacy published from 2000 to 2023, 41 studies with developmental disabilities as the keyword were selected, and the specific research results are as follows. Based on the results of this study, when developing a language intervention program related to self-advocacy for people with developmental disabilities, it is recommended to develop an intervention program based on the number of sessions of 10-19 in a learning situation with 20-30 people in adolescents and adults, or during the transition period. There are many studies limited to educational aspects such as special education and integrated education, and by applying this, it is hoped that a self-advocacy language intervention program will be developed at the level of language rehabilitation that can effectively and sophisticatedly assert self-assertion and self-rights after experiencing difficulties in communication.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.325-331
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• 2010

Categorical perception has been noted as characteristic properties of linguistic stimuli. In this study, Korean monosyllabic minimal pairs (consonant-vowel-consonant, CVC) were analyzed to understand perception boundaries between clinically confusing words. An efficient scheme has been developed to systematically synthesize temporal transition waveforms (11 steps) from one word to the target word for the pairs of /gom/-/gong/, /non/-/noon/, and /don/-/non/. The corresponding slopes, widths, and non-dominant factors of perception boundaries were analyzed for the total of 40 young normal subjects (20 males and 20 females). Results showed that there were relative pattern differences among confusing monosyllabic minimal pairs under categorical perception. For instance, the vowel difference within CVC pairs led to the lowest boundary performance in this experiment set. Data also indicated the potential application of the overall procedure for evaluating auditory functions and assisting rehabilitation programs.