• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.187-189
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• 2022

Nationalism can solidify national unity and ideology but sometimes causes conflicts in human societies. Interestingly, it affects tiger conservation as well. Collaborative efforts are imperative for tiger conservation due to their vast home ranges which cross political boundaries and the limited financial resources. However, tiger states have not shown substantial commitment to collaboration. The nationalism that is entrenched in tiger conservation provides a credible explanation for this passive collaboration among nations. One type of nationalism occurs within a country by favoring one particular subspecies over another. The other type of nationalism occurs when former range countries want tigers. Instead of contributing to saving tigers in current habitats, they are eager to bring tigers back to their political boundaries regardless of the tremendous financial resources required and the lower chance of success. Considering nationalism in tiger conservation, tigers, just like humans, may need a passport for a better chance to survive.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.84 no.3
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• pp.377-393
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• 1995

Forest ecosystems are major reservoirs because forest lands are up to 65% of the national land of Korea. Biodiversity is the basis of forest conservation as well as development of forest ecosystem productivity. When we are going to establish biodiversity conservation strategies, however, we need to have a good eye in order that we are not limited only to species but we can also understand whole ecosystems. Therefore, to develop the biodiversity conservation strategies, global environmental problems, the development process of biodiversity on the earth, the fundamental logic of biodiversity conservation, the conservation system and steps of the conservation procedures are discussed. In conclusion, research subjects needed urgently are recommended.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.26
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• pp.13-24
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• 2021

Two wooden fish excavated from Wiryeseong Fortress on Seonggeosan Mountain in Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do Province were frail due to their deterioration within the burial environment. To prevent further deformation, conservation treatment was conducted on them to strengthen the wooden materials and stabilize the dimensions. Prior to the conservation treatment, the species of wood was determined to be pine and infrared Irradiation on the patterns remaining on the wooden fish revealed that they were depictions of carp. For conservation treatment, the wooden fish were impregnated with PEG #3, 350 in a water solution with a 40% concentration, followed by freeze-drying.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze a conservation state and a sustainable use of coastal wetland in Sindu-ri Tae-an, using the plant community structure analysis and the awareness result of local residents by published paper. To investigate a forest structure in Sindu-ri area, twenty plots were set up and surveyed. The community, is divided by three groups. The divided groups are Robinia pseudoacacia(I), Pinus thunbergii-Robinia pseudoacacia(II), Robinia pseudoacacia(III). Survey site I is simple canopy layer and deteriorative forest. Survey site II is grassland and swamp, where Pinus thunbergii-Robinia pseudoacacia is dominant trees of vegetation. Robinia pseudoacacia is competition species with Pinus thunbergii in survey site II. Survey site III is barren land(sand-hill) where main species is Robinia pseudoacacia. As a result, survey II district is considered as the most suitable for the conservation of species diversity. It is proposed in this paper that the ecological nature trail would be connected in survey site I and II for environmental education. The local residents of Tae-an, where natural environment is well-conserved, prefer conservation to development of the region. In case of Tae-an, where the condition of the natural environment is well conserved and the development potential exists, the development is in harmony with the environmental education program.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.10
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• pp.63-74
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• 2009

During excavations of the historic sites in Bongnyong-dong, Sangju, a total of 81 ancient wells constructed during the Unified Silla (668 - 935), Goryeo (918 - 1392) and Joseon (1392 - 1910) periods were found. Wood was mainly used for the bottom structure of the well beneath the stone walls. A total of 136 pieces of wood from the wells were analyzed to ascertain their species, and six species were identified: 116 pieces, accounting for 85.9% of the total, of Pinus densiflora, one piece of Platycarya strobilacea Sieb.et Zucc., nine pieces of Castanea sp., three pieces of Quercus acutissima Carruth., one piece of Quercus serrata Thunb., and five pieces of Acer sp. The fact that most of the pieces of wood were pine indicates that pine was considered a suitable wood for the construction of wells in pre-modern period.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.9
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• pp.95-104
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• 2008

Wooden objects excavated from Gwangju Shinchang-dong, we analyzed total 40 pieces consisting of 37 pieces for analysis of species of trees, 3 pieces for analysis of lacquer. and especially it was found that in case of lacquerware and living goods like dish, diffuse-porous woods were used. As a result of this, total 7 species of trees used for wooden objects identified are Quercus spp., Cearsus spp., Prunophora spp., Acer spp., Salix spp., Populus spp. were identified. As a result of analyzing lacquered film, though there is a difference of times of lacquering between holed lacquerware and cylider type lacquerware body part 5, it was confirmed that after undercoating, black pigments and lacquer were painted on upper layer in mixture, and foundation platter for with 5 parts lacquer ware was undercoated with mixture of powdered soil, black pigments and lacquer, and then its upper layer was coated with lacquer mixed with black pigments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.171-184
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• 2016

Suncheonman-Bay and its surrounding areas play important roles as habitats for migratory birds. However, sustainable management of these areas is difficult because of the development pressure of private lands. Therefore, the areas surrounding Suncheonman-Bay must be classified as additional protected areas; for this, it is necessary to gather concrete and objective evidence and ensure protected area management. Further, compensation measures must be considered when acquiring a private property as an additional protected area. In this study, we distinguish protected areas, such as core, buffer, and transition areas, within a private area by using data from the Winter Waterbird Census of Korea and MARXAN software, a spatial conservation prioritization tool. We applied ecosystem services to apply Payment for Ecosystem services (PES) as compensation measures. Watershed conservation (supply), climate control (regulation), supporting habitats (support), and recreation (culture) etc. were evaluated by calculating the economic value of these ecosystem services. Eastern, western, and northern forests and rice fields of Suncheonman-Bay were shown to have a number of core areas for the preservation of endangered species. The ecosystem service value of the additional protected areas was estimated at 17.5 million KRW/ha/year. We believe that our study result could be used to establish protected areas to preserve major habitats, as well as include areas adjacent to such major habitats that play a vital role in endangered species conservation. In addition, through this study, we highlight the need for an objective basis to establish protected areas.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2011

Scartelaos gigas is an amphibious mudskipper species that inhabits mud flats in Korea, China, and Taiwan. This fish is at risk of extinction because of its very restricted habitat and overexploitation. Information about this fish's reproductive characteristics is needed for species conservation. The sexual maturity and early life history of S. gigas were investigated through histological methods and direct observation of eggs in the wild, respectively. In total, 560 individuals of S. gigas were collected with the aid of fishermen from March 2003 to October 2003 at Jung-do Island, southwest Korea. Through microscopic observations of gonadal development, it was determined that S. gigas of both sexes were immature in April, but began to reach maturity in May, and were then fully mature by June, which was maintained until July. In August, some female fish developed early oocytes, but by September oocytes were observed to have degenerated and had been absorbed. Spawned eggs were elliptical and had an average size of 1.37 mm (long axis) by 0.69 mm (short axis). The newly hatched larvae (3.03 mm total length, TL) had an open mouth and anus, two melanophores near the anus, and one large melanophore between the 18th and 19th myomeres. The larvae (3.18 mm TL) showed absorption of the yolk and oil globule within 5 days after hatching and became prelarvae. This species should be considered vulnerable or conservation-dependent, and thus parental fish need to be protected from fishermen during the main spawning season (June).

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.359-368
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the wood species of the stern plank and persimmon seed from Daebudo shipwreck No.2 excavated from Daebudo, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, and Gyeonggi-do by wiggle-matching of radiocarbon measurements. Results of the analysis showed that all the wooden boards of the hull were made from Pinus Hard Pine Group. The other parts of hull and wooden pegs were made from Pinus Hard Pine Group, Castanea spp., Quercus spp. sect. Lepidobalanus, Alnus spp., and Zelkova serrata Makino. Excavated wide-tooth wooden comb and fine-tooth bamboo comb were made from Acer spp. and Bambusoideae. Excavated rope was made from Pueraria thunbergiana Benth. The stern plank, wooden support, and persimmon stone showed ${\pm}2{\sigma}$ radiocarbon date(95.4% confidence interval) of AD 1151-1224. This indicated that the Daebudo shipwreck No.2 occurred during the early or middle 12-13th century. Our radiocarbon dating results confirmed the date speculated by archeologists based on the ceramic style.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2024

Otters, designated as Class I endangered wildlife due to population declines resulting from urban development and stream burial, have seen increased appearances in freshwater environments since the nationwide ban on stream filling in 2020 and the implementation of urban stream restoration projects. There is a pressing need for scientific and strategic conservation measures for otters, an umbrella and vulnerable species in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, this study predicts potential otter habitats using the species distribution model MaxEnt, focusing on Hwangguji Stream in Suwon, and proposes conservation strategies. Otter signs were surveyed over three years from 2019 to 2021 with citizen scientists, serving as presence data for the model. The model's outcomes were enhanced by analyzing 'river nature map' as a boundary. MaxEnt compared the performance of 60 combinations of feature classes and regularization multipliers to prevent model complexity and overfitting. Additionally, unmanned sensor cameras observed otter density for model validation, confirming correlations with the species distribution model results. The 'LQ-5.0' parameter combination showed the highest explanatory power with an AUC of 0.853. The model indicated that the 'adjacent land use' variable accounted for 31.5% of the explanation, with a preference for areas around cultivated lands. Otters were found to prefer shelter rates of 10-30% in riparian forests within 2 km of bridges. Higher otter densities observed by unmanned sensors correlated with increasing model values. Based on these results, the study suggests three conservation strategies: establishing stable buffer zones to enhance ecological connectivity, improving water quality against non-point source pollution, and raising public awareness. The study provides a scientific basis for potential otter habitat management, effective conservation through governance linking local governments, sustainable biodiversity goals, and civil organizations.