• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권3호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2015

본 연구는 훼손지에 적용된 국립공원 특별보호구 제도가 탐방로의 토양과 식생에 미치는 효과를 확인하기 위해 실시되었다. 북한산 국립공원 내 일반 탐방로(개방 탐방로)와 특별보호구로 지정되어 16년 동안 출입이 금지된 탐방로(폐쇄 탐방로)의 토양의 용적밀도, 수분, 총 질소, pH, 유기물 함량을 측정하고, 지면피도를 조사하여 개방 탐방로와 폐쇄탐방로의 토양 및 식생상태를 비교분석하였다. 일반 탐방로의 토양은 탐방로 주변 식생지대의 토양에 비하여 용적밀도가 증가하고 수분과 총 질소, 유기물 함량이 감소하여 훼손을 확인하였으나, 폐쇄 탐방로의 경우, 토양의 용적밀도, 수분, 총 질소, pH, 유기물 함량이 주변 식생지대와 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않아 탐방로 폐쇄로 인한 생태적 회복을 확인하였다. 지면피도의 경우, 일반 탐방로에서 지면식생과 낙엽의 피도가 낮고 나지와 암석의 피도가 높아 훼손을 확인하였으나, 폐쇄 탐방로에서는 낙엽 암석 나지 피도가 회복되었고, 식생피도는 산림 환경피해도 등급을 적용하였을 때 제한적인 회복이 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통하여 특별보호구 지정을 통해 훼손지의 회복이 가능하나, 토양이 식생에 비하여 더 빠르게 회복됨을 알 수 있었다. 훼손지의 특별보호구 지정은 대상지의 회복특성에 대한 과학적 근거를 기반으로 판단할 필요가 있으며, 특별보호구 제도의 효과성을 높이기 위해 대상지의 생태적 사회적 가치와 중요성을 고려한 세분화된 특별보호구 선정 및 관리 기준이 필요하다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2000

The aggravating water quality from the expansion of industrialization along with increasing population lead to develop more intensive physical measures to secure better drinking water quality. This study was mainly initiated to establish a water-pollutant buffering zone for the upper stream basin of Paldang--the major source area of drinking water for the metropolitan Seoul and suburban areas with a population more than 13 million. Two different criteria were considered in determining the buffering distance from the edge of the streamflow : 1km-width buffer zone for the special protection area which has been strictly controlled by the conventional laws for the protection of drinking water supply, and 500m-width buffer zone for the rest of the area. To delineate the exact boundaries of the water-pollutant buffering zone, GIS database was created integrating topography, hydrography, cadastral, and other related layers. The newly designated water-pollutant buffering zone would contribute to improve the water quality in a long term along with the conservation of the wet land. More study, however, should be made within the water-pollutant buffering zone such as the detailed survey of the pollutants, vegetation, and ecosystem for more effective management of the buffering zone.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2017

This study investigated in the vascular plants of special protection zones (the native land of Berchemia berchemiaefolia in Sadam-ri and Gallon valley) of Songnisan National Park and identified the whole vascular plants. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 273 taxa including 82 families, 182 genera, 236 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties and 6 forms. Woody plants were identified as 124 taxa (45.4%) and herbaceous plants as 149 taxa (54.6%). A total of 107 taxa were identified in the area of Sadam-ri, and 246 taxa were found in the Gallon valley. A total of 8 taxa of rare plants were identified, each of which was divided into 1 taxa of endangered (EN; Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 3 taxa of vulnerable (VU; Paeonia japonica, Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Iris minutiaurea), 3 taxa of least concern (LC; Aristolochia contorta, Syringa patula var. kamibayshii and Goodyera schlechtendaliana) and 1 taxa of data deficient (DD; Alangium platanifolium). The Korean endemic plants were 9 taxa (Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Aster koraiensis, Cirsium setidens, etc.). In the specific plants by floristic region were 34 taxa, a degree I were 17 taxa (Chloranthus japonicus, Celastrus stephanotifolius, etc.), 9 taxa of a degree II (Euonymus pauciflorus, Acer triflorum, etc.), 4 taxa of a degree III (Aconitum longecassidatum, Angelica gigas, etc.), 2 taxa of a degree IV (Ulmus macrocarpa and Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 2 taxa of a degree V (Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Alangium platanifolium). The naturalized plants were 5 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum, Trifolium repens, Ailanthus altissima, Oenothera biennis, Erigeron annuus. Naturalization rate (NR) was 1.8% of all 273 taxa of vascular plants and the invasive alien plants were not found. The purpose of this study is to identify the flora that grows in the special protection zones of Songnisan National Park and provide the basic data for the management of the special protection zone in the future.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2020

이 연구는 목적은 경찰청, 경비협회 등에서 제공하는 최근 3년 동안의 민간경비업체·경비원, 규모별 경비업체, 일반·특수(신임교육), 자격제도 현황의 분석 및 해석을 통해 우리나라 민간경비업의 이론적 바탕을 제공하고 민간경비업을 해석하기 위한 새로운 시각을 제공하는 것이다. 결과적으로 현황을 통해 살펴 본 민간경비업은 수도권·시설경비의 집중, 비정상적인 신변보호업체 대비 신변보호원의 수, 특수경비업의 정규직 전환이였고, 신임교육에서는 일반경비원은 아직 지속적인 교육 증가, 반면에 특수경비원의 교육은 한계점이 나타났다. 자격제도에서는 경비지도사의 자격증의 활용성과 신변보호사 자격증의 활용과 홍보가 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 민간경비업의 현황들로 살펴본 특징들의 대응방안은 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, 민간경비업의 균형발전과 업무구분의 명확성이다. 두 번째, 민간경비 교육과 교육기관의 질을 높여야 한다. 세 번째, 자격제도의 현실화와 적극적인 홍보이다.

• 지질공학
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.253-266
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 수자원 관리와 보호를 위하여 1차적으로 연구지역에 지표유출량과 지역층 진량이 계산되어 물 수지분석이 이루어진 후, 분석된 유출량 및 층진량 계수들은 GIS를 이용하여 설계된 환경지질정보시스템(Environmental Geologic Information System : EGIS)내에서 지하수 자원 보호를 위한 GIS모델의 중요 요소로써 재처리되어 최종적으로 지하수의 광역절 오염 가능성 분석을 가능케 하였다. 이를 위하여 작성된 실 지표유출량 분석도와 광역적 지하수 오염 분석도는 수자원 관리와 보호를 위한 필수 사항들이며, 많은 양의 환경정보들이 시스템내에서 수치화, 분석 및 처리과정을 거쳐 생산되었다. 환경정보 데이타베이스구축은 본 환경지질정보 시스템을 이용하여 체계적, 조직적으로 수행되어졌으며, 금번 연구를 위하여 구현된 환경지질 정보시스템 기술은 국가의 자연 관리를 위한 기초 연구로서 활용될 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2018

In terms of environmental friendly land use and objective environmental assessment, legislative assessment items of Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) consists of designated areas related to conservation and protection, and areas that are planned to be designated in the future. However, the gap with the reality due to omission of several protection areas and land use regulations, and assessment grades according to 3 division land use map of forest, agricultural land, and urbanized area, results in low application and utilization of ECVAM. Therefore in this study, the legislative assessment of the ECVAM was performed with new assessment items and its new ratings, to suggest an improvement in legislative assessment items of the ECVAM. As a result, legally protected areas of inhabited islands under absolute conservation, special wildlife protection districts, protected marine areas, environmental preservation sea areas, scenic spots, forest protection zone, traditional temple preservation zone, and 45 zone or district related to regulation of land use were additionally designated as new legislative assessment items. New grade ratings were given to each additional assessment items in consideration of the restrictions on acts. As a result of the legislative assessment based on the new assessment items and new grades, the 1st grade area increased by 3.47%, and the 2nd grade area increased by 19.35%. The 3rd grade area decreased by 8.54%, the 4th grade area increased by 2.95%, and 5th grade increased by 2.91%. In addition, the out-of-grade area decreased by 20.14%, considered to be a realistic assessment based on land use. With the improved legislative assessment, it is possible to provide a more accurate environmental assessment map. Increase usage of ECVAM is expected in providing regulations of land use and base data for integrated land management of land environmental planning.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 1987

This second consecutive research was connected to 7he previous first research with same title. The purpose of this research is to estimate the carrying capacity for the Seonjeong royal tomb and to propose its management planning. User's characteristics and relationship between user's density and vegetational environment were analized for the above objective. The result of this research shall be summarized as follows. 1. The site was damaged seriously by pupils and social groups'picnic activities concentrated in special periods of Friday and weekend during April and May. 2. Social-psychological carrying capacity estimation would be impossible due to lack of relationship between user's density and satisfaction. 3. Maximum user's density limits as a ecological carrying capacity was 1.4 persons per 100 square meters and modified optimum ecological carrying capacity was estimated as 1.0persons per 100 square meters. Maximum visitors as a optimum carrying capacity of the Seonjeong royal tomb area was estimated as 6,000 persons when supposing the proposed landuse planning. 4. To restore and preserve the tomb landscape as a traditional historic site, Seonjeong royal tomb shall be managed by three landuse areas ; protection and control area, natural picnic area and shaded picnic area. And the protection and control area include three sites ; natural reclamation site, natural preservation site and tomb landscape conservation site.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1995

This study analyzes the problems of environmental laws, development planning laws, Metropolitan Area Development Planning(MADP), and the level of environmental pollution at Pusan and Asan-Bay Metropolitan Area where MADP will be realized in the near future. In order to prevent the environmental pollution by realization of MADP, Environmental Impact Assessment Act and environmental impact assessment systems in Korea should be revised so as to reflect the followings. First, the impact of national landuse planning change on the environment should be considered at the beginning of environmental impact assessment procedures. Second, the overlapping and greater impact of many projects, whose part is the subject of environmental impact assessment, upon surrounding metropolitan area should be simultaneously evaluated and the environmental pollution protection and abatement alternatives must be made according to the above impact of the projects. Thirdly, total effluent regulation of water pollution, air pollution and solid wastes should be enforced based on the self-purification of the metropolitan area environment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.63-71
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• 1995

This study analyzes the problems of environmental laws, development planning laws, Metropolitan Area Development Planning (MADP), and the level of environmental pollution at Asan-bay metropolitan area, where MADP will be realized in the near future. In order to prevent environmental pollution by the implementation of MADP, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act and EIA systems in Korea should be revised so as to reflect the followings. First, the impact of national landuse planning changes on the environment should be considered at the beginning of the EIA procedures. Second, the overlapping and greater impact of many projects upon surrounding metropolitan areas should be simultaneously evaluated, though each project is the subject of EIA, and the environmental pollution protection and abatement alternatives must be made in accordance with the above impact of the projects. Thirdly, total effluent regulation of water pollution, air pollution and solid wastes should be enforced based on the self-purification of the metropolitan area environment.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.476-484
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• 2009

This paper deals with improvements to the special protection schemes (SPS) which have been applied to the low probability and high impact contingencies in the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) system since 2004. Among them, the SPS for voltage instability in the Seoul metropolitan area is considered in this paper, and is a form of event-based undervoltage load shedding with a single-step scheme. Simulation results based upon a recent event that occurred on 765kV lines show that the current setting values of the SPS have to be revised and enhanced. In addition, by applying response-based multi-step undervoltage load shedding (UVLS) schemes to severe contingencies in the system, more effective results than those of the existing single-step SPS can be obtained. Centralized and distributed UVLS schemes are considered in the simulation. ULTC-based load recovery models and over excitation limiters (OXL) for the KEPCO system are also included in the long-term voltage instability studies.