• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.908-919
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• 2023

Objective: Information about the chemical composition of cassava-based feed ingredients is needed to accurately formulate animal diets. A study was conducted to determine the chemical composition of cassava-based feed ingredients and to test the hypothesis that there is variation in chemical composition among cassava products originating from different South-East Asian countries. Methods: Sources of dried peeled and unpeeled cassava roots, cassava chips, cassava meal, high-ash cassava meal, and cassava residue were used. All samples were analyzed for dry matter, gross energy, nitrogen, amino acids (AA), acid-hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE), ash, minerals, total starch, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber. Samples of peeled and unpeeled cassava roots, cassava chips, and cassava meal were also analyzed for sugars. Results: High-ash cassava meal had greater (p<0.05) dry matter and ash, but lower (p<0.05) total starch and gross energy than all other cassava products. Peeled cassava roots, unpeeled cassava roots, and cassava chips had greater (p<0.05) total starch than the other cassava-based ingredients. Cassava residue had greater (p<0.05) concentrations of lysine, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber compared with the other cassava products, but tryptophan and glutamic acid were greater (p<0.05) in peeled cassava roots, cassava chips, and cassava meal samples compared with the other ingredients. Concentration of most minerals was greater (p<0.05) in high-ash cassava meal than in the other cassava products. Conclusion: Cassava-based ingredients sold as peeled roots, unpeeled roots, chips, or meal have chemical compositions that are not different from each other, and peeling has little impact on chemical composition. High-ash cassava meal has lower nutritional quality compared with other cassava products due to low starch and gross energy. The high fiber content in cassava residue makes this ingredient more suitable for ruminants and sows than for younger pigs or poultry.

• Strategy21
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• 통권30호
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• pp.143-176
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• 2012

We are witnessing the growing maritime tension on the East Asian sea these days. Each naval powers in the region are competing each other to acquire more advanced naval capabilities. Based upon the rapid economic development, China is actively beefing up its naval capabilities and expand its boundary of naval activities all over the East Asian region. Chinese Navy already unveiled its expansive naval strategy replacing the traditional concept of 'Near-Sea Defense' with the new concept of 'Far-Sea Defense' strategy. In response to potential rival's naval build up, the U.S. is redeploying its naval forces focusing on the Asia-Pacific region. The U.S. enhances its joint naval exercises with the countries in the region, such as Japan, India, Australia and so on. In addition, Washington is devising new naval strategy under the concept of 'Air-Sea Battle' to deter Peking's so-called 'Anti-Access/ Area Denial(A2AD)' strategy. As a close ally of the U.S., Japan also disclosed its clear intention to strengthen the Maritime Self Defense Force(MSDF)'s capabilities by introducing the new concept of 'Dynamic Defense Force' in 2011. Under the new concept, JMSDF is pursuing the additional acquisition of submarines, quasi-aircraft carriers, Aegis-equipped destroyers, etc. Under the new president's strong leadership, Russia is also invigorating the naval build-up. Especially, Russia is fortifying the Pacific Fleet's naval assets by deploying new-type of naval ships such as the Mistral which was imported from France. In the midst of competitive naval build-up among the major naval powers in the region, we are observing the growing maritime conflicts on the East China Sea as well as South China Sea. Those naval conflicts can pose severe threats to our national interests. Maritime conflicts on the East or South China Sea can imperil our sea lanes which will be indispensible for national economic development. Neighboring countries' maritime conflicts also will cast an uncertainty on the path to mobilize international cooperation to resolve the North Korean issues. We should contribute to ease the maritime tension in the region by various ways. First, we should actively galvanize the bilateral maritime dialogue among the major naval powers in the region. Second, we also should take the lead to form a multilateral maritime cooperation mechanism in the region. Above all, we should set the aim to be a peaceful maritime power who can contribute to a building of stable maritime order in the region with a considerable naval power.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.13-48
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• 2019

Purpose - This study is to analyze the monetary indicators and the key macroeconomic indicators and to assess the effectiveness of state regulation on its basis. The analysis of monetary aggregates of Russian Federation, CIS, the countries of leading countries of North-East Asia at the present stage of development. Research design and methodology - The volume of data on Russia was analyzed from the 1995 to the 2018. The data from the 1950 to the 2019 were estimated on China. The data from the 1980 to the 2018 were estimated on Japan. On South Korea - since the 1960 to the 2018. On Republic of Belarus - since the 2003 to the 2018. On Tajikistan - from the 2008 to 2017. On Kazakhstan - from the 1994 to the 2018. On Kyrgyzstan - from the 2002 to the 2018. On Armenia - from the 2003 to the 2018. Results - Hypothesis 1: In Russian Federation, the monetary stock has a stable tendency to grow. The volume of money stock of Russia and the analyzed countries is much determined by external debt, GDP, the export, the import, and the international reserves. Hypothesis 2: The growth of money supply does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of money stock does not always lead to negative consequences. The monetary stock should be commensurate with the macroeconomic indicators of the state. Conclusions - The growth of the monetary stock does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of monetary stock not always lead to negative consequences.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

This paper presents the effects of an increase or a decrease of a power reserve by load flow calculations under the seasonal load patterns of each country for the future power shortages faced by the metropolitan areas or by the southeastern area of South Korea in North-East Asia. In this paper, the various cases of the power system interconnections in Far-East Asia are presented, and the resulting interconnected power systems are simulated by means of a power flow analysis performed with the PSS/E 28 version tool. Data for simulation were obtained from the 2-th long term plan of electricity supply and demand in KEPCO. The power flow map is drawn from simulated data and the comparative study is done. In the future, a power flow analysis will be considered to reflect the effects of seasonal power exchanges. And the plan of assumed scenarios will be considered with maximum or minimum power exchanges during summer or winter in North-East Asian countries.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2019

Purpose - In this work, we categorize the 21 shopping items which foreign tourists purchase in South Korea and monitor the level of dissimilarity (or similarity) between each item by utilizing distance matrix, and both hierarchical and k-means cluster analyses, respectively, based on several purpose of visit attributes in 2017. In addition, multidimensional scaling (MDS) method is applied for mining visual appearance of proximities among shopping items based on purpose of visit attributes. Research design and methodology - This study is carried out in 2017 by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and conduct a face-to-face survey of foreign tourists from 20 countries who purchase shopping items in South Korea. CLUSTER, PROXIMITIES and ALSCAL modules in IBM SPSS 23.0 are used to perform this work. Results - We ascertain that 21 shopping items can be classified into five similar groups which have homogeneous traits by going through two-step cluster analysis. We can position homogeneous places of cluster and shopping items joining each cluster. Conclusions - We can relatively assess patterns and characteristics of each shopping item, come by useful information in activating shopping tour based on the actual state of recognition of foreign tourists and practically apply to each tourism industry on underlying results.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1568-1577
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• 2023

Objective: A study was conducted to determine the chemical composition of banana meal and rice bran from Australia or South-East Asia and test the hypothesis that there are no differences in rice bran produced in different countries, but there are differences between full-fat and defatted rice bran. Methods: Two sources of banana meal and 22 sources of rice bran (full-fat or defatted) from Australia or South-East Asia were used. All samples were analyzed for dry matter, gross energy, nitrogen, amino acids (AA), acid hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE), ash, minerals, total starch, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber. Banana meal was also analyzed for sugars including glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, stachyose, and raffinose. Results: Chemical analysis demonstrated that banana meal from the Philippines is primarily composed of starch. Full-fat rice bran from Australia had greater (p<0.05) concentrations of AEE, lysine, and glycine than samples from the Philippines and Vietnam. Full-fat rice bran from Australia and Thailand had greater (p<0.05) concentrations of gross energy and most AA than rice bran from Vietnam. Full-fat rice bran from Australia had greater (p<0.05) concentrations of tryptophan and manganese than all other sources, but full-fat rice bran from the Philippines contained less (p<0.05) zinc than all other sources of rice bran. Gross energy, AEE, and copper were greater (p<0.05) in full-fat rice bran compared with defatted rice bran, but defatted rice bran contained more (p<0.05) crude protein, ash, insoluble dietary fiber, total dietary fiber, AA, and some minerals than full-fat rice bran. Conclusion: Banana meal is a high-energy source that can be used as an alternative ingredient in livestock diets. Full-fat rice bran from Australia and Thailand contained more concentrations of AEE and AA than samples from the Philippines or Vietnam. Full-fat rice bran had more gross energy and AEE than defatted rice bran, whereas defatted rice bran contained more crude protein, ash, and total dietary fiber.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2020

The paper examines the role of some determinants of economics, politics and institutions on the budget deficit volatility in some countries of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) such as Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam. The paper uses the fixed effects model (FEM) and the random effects model (REM) to investigate panel data of these countries in the period of 1990-2018. Moreover, the study also explores ordinary least square (OLS) to analyze time-series data for each country in the same period to make comparison among them. The economic data is collected from international financial statistics and world development indicators. The data on political variables are collected from International Country Risk Data Guide (ICRG). The empirical results both confirm that corruption and political stability are important indicators of budget deficit. Besides, the paper suggests authorities should pay more attention on improving the institutional setup of the economy in order to avoid high and unstable deficit. The findings offer new insight on the budget deficit in essence and suggest that the most important thing need to be done ahead is to strongly implement anti-corruption actions. By doing so, the status of budget deficit would be remarkably improved immediately.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10565-10571
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• 2015

Gastric cancer incidence rates vary dramatically by world region with East Asia having the highest rate. The Asian population of the United States (US) is growing rapidly and over 17 million Americans are of Asian descent. A majority of Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese Americans are immigrants. Americans of East and Southeast Asian descent experience marked gastric cancer disparities and the incidence rate among Korean men in the US is over five times higher than the incidence rate among non-Hispanic white men. Randomized controlled trials have provided evidence for the effectiveness of helicobacter pylori identification and eradication in preventing gastric cancer. Additionally, Japan and South Korea have both experienced improvements in gastric cancer mortality following the implementation of programs to detect early stage gastric cancers. There are currently no clear US guidelines regarding the primary and secondary prevention of gastric cancer in high-risk immigrant populations. However, it is likely that a proportion of US physicians are already recommending gastric cancer screening for Asian patients and some Asian immigrants to the US may be completing screening for gastric cancer in their native countries. Surveys of US primary care physicians and Asian American communities should be conducted to assess current provider practices and patient uptake with respect to gastric cancer prevention and control. In the absence of clinical guidelines, US health care providers who serve high-risk Asian groups could consider a shared decision-making approach to helicobacter pylori identification and eradication, as well as gastric endoscopy.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.549-574
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• 2007

이 논문의 목적은 한국의 환경정책을 간략하게 개관하고 한국의 환경적 지속가능성을 잘 알려진 지속가능성지수에 비추어 평가하고 동아시아 주요국들과 비교해 보고자 하는 것이다. 한국의 환경정책에 대한 개관과 평가는 주로 정부의 "Green Vision 21", "Green Korea 2005", 그리고 OECD의 Environmental Performance Review : Korea 2006에 나온 내용을 근거로 한 것이다. 한국의 지속가능성을 동아시아 다른 나라들과 비교한 부분은 EF, ESI, SPI, EVI 등 잘 알려진 환경적 지속가능성 지수를 인용하여 비교해 본 것이다. 그러나 이러한 지수들을 국가간 비교에 적용해 보려고 시도해 본 결과는 이들 지수들이 국가간 그리고 시점간 비교 가능성을 결여하고 있다는 것이었다. 그리고 이들 지수들은 지속가능성이란 개념을 충실히 반영하여 환경적 지속가능성을 측정할 수 있도록 구성되어 있지 않다는 점이 지적되었다. 그러므로 우리는 환경적 지속가능성의 개념을 비교적 충실히 반영하고 있다고 생각되는 세계은행이 제시한 'genuine saying'의 개념에 입각한 '지속가능량' 지수에 착안하여 이를 한국과 한국의 주요 무역대상국에 대해 계산하고 비교해 본 다음, 이 지수의 1985~1995년 기간중 변화 요인을 분석한 결과를 간단하게 제시해 보이고 그 함의를 설명함으로써 대안을 제시해보고자 하였다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.132-152
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify and evaluate interprofessional education (IPE) interventions for healthcare professional students in East Asian countries. Methods: The reporting of this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A literature search was conducted using seven electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists were also used to appraise the quality of the included studies. The outcomes of IPE interventions were classified based on a modified Kirkpatrick model. Results: This review included 30 studies predominantly conducted in Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. The prevalent research design was a one-group pre-posttest design, and most IPE interventions occurred as single events. Approximately 70% of the studies involved students from two healthcare professions, mainly nursing and medicine. Simulations, group discussions, and lectures have emerged as the most common teaching methodologies, with almost half of the studies leveraging a combination of these techniques. The IPE content primarily focused on interprofessional teamwork, communication, and clinical patient care situations; these included the management of septic shock. The effectiveness of the IPE interventions was mainly evaluated through self-reported measures, indicating improvements in attitudes, perceptions, knowledge, and skills, aligning with Level 2 of the modified Kirkpatrick model. Nonetheless, the reviewed studies did not assess changes in the participants' behavior and patient results. Conclusion: IPE interventions promise to enhance interprofessional collaboration and communication skills among health professional students. Future studies should implement rigorous designs to assess the effectiveness of IPE interventions. Moreover, when designing IPE interventions, researchers and educators should consider the role of cultural characteristics in East Asian countries.