• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2013

The objectives in the present study were to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a sodium salts mixture against Salmonella gallinarum infection in broiler. Of this study, sixty broilers at two weeks of age (body weight, $450{\pm}35$ g) were used to estimate the efficacy of a sodium salts mixture (3.25 mg sodium azide, 2.45 mg sodium cyanide, 0.8 g sodium chlorate) against Salmonella gallinarum infection in broiler with drinking water. Broilers challenged with S. gallinarum were administered with ${\times}$ 1(group I) and ${\times}$ 2(group II) sodium salt mixture for seven days, and cecal content samples were collected at the gate of treatment and on 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th day after administration. Changes in body weight and cecal shedding of S. gallinarum were monitored during the experimental period. All groups treated with the sodium salt mixture slightly increased body weight compared to control group but there is no significant difference. At 7th day after administration, the number of S. gallinarum in group I and II was significantly decreased compared to control group (p < 0.001). In the hematological and blood biochemical analysis, values of parameters were not significantly different between the treated groups and control group. From results of the present study, the sodium salt mixture had therapeutic effect on S. gallinarum infection in broilers.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.328-335
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• 1996

Effects of hydrogen peroxide$(H_2O_2)$ on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in Perillae Folium were investigated. The inactivation of this enzyme was dependent on $H_2O_2$ concentration. and the initial lag period was not shown. Preincubation of Perillae Folium PPO with $H_2O_2$ in the absence of a substrate resulted in rapid loss of enzymatic activity. The inactivation of PPO by $H_2O_2$ dependents temperature and pH. OH radical scavengers such as mannitol and sodium formate did not protect the enzyme against inactivation by $H_2O_2$. Substrate analogue such as phenylalanine protected the enzyme against inactivation by $H_2O_2$. and copper chelator such as sodium azide also protected the enzyme.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.9-14
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• 1971

The direct effects of various agents on the phosphorylase activity of rat kidney was studied in vitro and the results were summarized as follows. 1. The kidney phosphorylase activity was markedly depressed by iodoacetic acid whereas it was increased by sodium azide. 2. DNP had no effect on the phosphorylase activity, while sodium cyanide slightly increased the activity of the enzyme. 3. Ouabain slightly depressed the phosphorylase activity whereas it was markedly depressed by oligomycin. 4. Vasopressin and histamine markedly increased the phosphorylase activity.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.238-242
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• 1991

Extracellular laccase secreted from Pleurotus ostreatus was activated by $Cu^{2+}$ and $Cu^{+}$ . The enzyme was strongly inactivated by 8-hydroxyquinoline, potassium cyanide, sodium azide, sodium bisulfite and 2-mercaptoethanol. The two ionogenic groups, which have pKa values of 5.60-5.70 and 6.70-6.85 respectively, were found to relate with the active site of this enzyme. The oxidation reactions were brought about by initial single electron transfer process on the active site. The enzyme was found to be a metalloprotein which had about 3.9 cupric ions per molecule of protein as a prosthetic group. The enzyme showed a strong peak at 605 nm and a weak shoulder at 330 nm in UV-Visible absorption spectrum. Both signals disappeated upon treatment of the enzyme with 4 electron equivalent ascorbate. These results indicate that type I Cu peak and type III Cu shoulder are present in laccase.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.8-11
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• 1989

Reaction of 6-(acetoxymethyl) -2,4-dichloropyrido [3,2-d] pyrimidine (I) with some nucleophiles was investigated. When I reacted with sodium azide afforded 2,4-diazido derivative (II). Treatment of II with sodium hydroxide underwent cyclization of the 2-azido group to tetrazolo, replacement of 4-azido group by hydroxide ion, and hydrolysis of 6-ace-foxy moiety to hydroxy methyl derivative (III). While, reaction of I with hydrazine hydrate resulted in the formation of 2,4 dihydrozino-6-hydroxymethyl derivative (lV).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.475-479
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• 2004

The proteinpolysaccharides (PPS) from Polyporus umbellatus (P. umbellatus) screlotium is composed by 78.2% of saccharide, 16.8% of protein, and 4.0% of ash. PPS from P. umbellatus showed antitumor activities against 180 solid tumor in ICR mice at the concentration of 20-160 mg/kg/day. PPS from P. umbellatus inhibited cell viability to 47.4% and 45.0% in leukemia cell lines, L-1210 and K-562 cells at 50-400 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL concentration, respectively. But the hall mark of cell apoptosis, DNA fragmentation was not observed at those concentration. 2.5-10.0% of PPS from P. umbellatus inhibited mutagenecity evoked by 2-nitrofluorene and sodium azide in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100. From these results, it is suggested that the PPS of P. umbellatus has antitumor and antimutagenic effect, and its cytotoxic effect may not be ascribed to the apoptosis.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.277-280
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• 2010

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor frequently used in food containers, including epoxy resin and polycarbonates. BPA concentrations were monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under photosensitization of riboflavin (RF), methylene blue (MB), rose bengal (RB), or titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) and the involvement of singlet oxygen was determined using sodium azide ($NaN_3$). The stability of BPA decreased significantly in the order of RF, RB, and MB photosensitization (p<0.05), while the concentration of BPA in samples with $TiO_2$ was not significantly different from that of control samples without photosensitizers under light (p>0.05). The stability of BPA decreased in an MB concentration-dependent manner and increased as the concentration of added $NaN_3$ increased, implying that singlet oxygen was involved in the photodegradation of BPA during MB photosensitization. The results of this study may help control the BPA content in foods or the environments using photosensitized oxidation and visible light irradiation.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.209-212
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• 2003

Lucigenin (Lg)- and luminol (Lm)-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) was used to compare the respiratory burst of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) phagocytes after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). To establish which reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the observed CL, the modulators of ROS metabolism, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and sodium azide $(NaN_3)$ were used. Although LgCL responses were inhibited significantly by the addition of either SOD or catalase, in comparison to the control, significantly lower LgCL responses were recorded by SOD than catalase. LmCL also showed significantly decreased responses by the addition of SOD and catalase. However, there were no statistical differences in CL responses between SOD and catalase additions. More profound and significant decrease of LmCL responses were recorded by simultaneous addition of SOD and catalase. Sodium azide markedly enhanced LgCL responses, while it significantly inhibited LmCL responses. These results indicate that LgCL and LmCL can be used to measure extracellular $O_2$ production and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-mediated ROS production in fish phagocytes, respectively. Furthermore, LmCL can be used for analyzing intracellular ROS production by simultaneous addition of both SOD and catalase.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.58-61
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• 2016

Bulk GaN crystals were grown by the basic ammonothermal method. The c-plane GaN templates grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy were used as seed crystals and sodium metal, amide, and azide were added as a mineralizer. The growth conditions are at temperatures from $500{\sim}600^{\circ}C$ and pressures from 2~3 kbar. The growth rate for the c-axis was increased with increasing the operating pressure. Average dislocation density was measured $1{\times}10^5/cm^2$ by the cathodoluminescence measurement. The full-width at half-maximum of the X-ray diffraction rocking curve for (002) reflection was approximately 270 arcsec for Ga face and 80 arcsec for N face.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 1968

The effects of x-irradiation on the utilization of glucose, succinate, citrate and $\\alpha$-ketoglutarate, on the response of the cell metabolism to $NaN_3$ and DNP, and on the uptake of lysine in the presence or absence of the metabolitesor the inhibitors were studied using HeLa cells and the results are summarized as follows: 1. 200r of x-irradiation had no immediate effect on the oxygen consumption of cells. 2. The oxygen consumption was greatly stimulated by succinate, $\\alpha$-ketoglutarate and citraed and in decreasing order and x-irradiation caused no remarkable change in this order. 3. The respiratory response of the cell to the metabolic inhibitors seems to be altered by x-irradiation. 4. The initial rate of the uptake of lysine was markedly retarded and the accumulation of lysine in the cell was decreased by irradiation. 5. Glucose increased the lysine uptake whereas succinate had no effect and citrate and $\\alpha$-ketoglutarate reduced the absorption. X-irradiation did not alter this tendency. 6. The inhibitory effects of $NaN_3$ and DNP on the lysine uptake were quite different from those seen in the oxygen consumption.