• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.27-45
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to trace the path of policy for urban parks and greenbelts (PUPG) pursued by Seoul Mayor Kim Hyeon-ok, who was a protagonist of Seoul's modernization and to reveal the policy's characteristics. A high modernism perspective was projected to advance his PUPG discussion. High modernism was an unavoidable phenomenon that appeared in post-war urban reconstruction projects and emerged in the form of a belief that the national elite creates the ideal social order and rational planning. Its characteristics were to build with legibility, immediacy, and convenience by power, with private participation and profit creation, while realizing the spectacle of "the city being built". As a high-modernist, Seoul Mayor Kim Hyun-ok's urban planning aimed to deal with the booming population and the expansion of Seoul's territory. Although his PUPG extended the parks to the outskirts of Seoul, he showed a dualistic attitude, diverting parks away from the city center. On the other hand, he induced the participation of the private sector to create parks. However, he showed the other side of modernization, eliminating the placeness and excluding related systems. The path taken by Mayor Kim Hyun-ok's PUPG was started to respond to population growth and resolve the encroachment of parks. The ultimate goal was to accept the realization of urban planning and experiment with non-financial methods. The characteristics of his PUPG reflecting high modernism were: First, elites were represented in the National Land Planning Association, HURPI, and Jang Moon-gi participated; second, legibility was ensured by using east-west and north-south axes, elevation standards, and rational planning. Third, parks were quickly released to respond to the rapid urban change. Fourth, it showed off events and spectacles to attract private capital.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.806-816
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• 2021

This study aims to describe the reporting patterns of articles on the Emergency Grant for all citizens(EGAC) and compare the reporting attitudes by newspaper companies. The main results are as follows: First, conservative newspapers reported more than four times as much coverage of EGAC as liberal newspapers. Newspaper articles reported during the week of the National Assembly Election Day accounted for about a quarter of the total, and 79.1% of the articles were reported in the political realm of newspapers, and only 2.8% in the social realm. Second, a conservative newspaper reported a critical attitude toward EGAC at 52.6% and favorable articles at 5.3%. On the other hand, in a liberal newspaper, critical articles were 17.1% and favorable articles were 37.1%. The inefficiency of selectivism was reported as the basis for the argument in favor, and concerns about the burden of deterioration in the financial soundness of the opponents were reported the most. Politicians are the most cited sources of information in articles. Finally, in prior to policymaking, the proportion of the media in favor of and against the news was similar, and the proportion of articles with a neutral attitude accounted for more than half. And in the specific method discussion stage, the articles in favor of the article exceeded the proportion of articles on the opposite side.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.191-210
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• 2009

Energy Security has been factor of great importance to national security, economy, society and all other areas. However, it has been in the lack of situation where there is no leading method to measure energy security nor to compare among countries until now. In the research, objective index to assess energy security has been developed and compared among the level of countries in terms of energy importing countries' perspective. Based on the suggested index, comparison for the energy security level has been explained. The implication of the research is that in terms of energy importing perspectives, method to appraise energy security and according to this, energy security rate by each countries with respect to LNG. This method is doubtlessly applicable to comparison of security rate from other resources and fluctuation of energy security by reflecting other factors. Also, discussion about how increased autonomy of resources can impact Korean energy security with regard to recent international energy development. As a consequence, it has revealed that enhanced authority of resources evokes ascendancy of energy security in a positive way.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.2
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• pp.3-48
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• 2000

The collection and transfer of records is a very basic stage in the whole process of records and archives management. However they are regarded as an non-professional art of work in records management that are performed easily by everyone. Therefore they have been treated not properly in the scholarly discussion of archival sciences in Korea. The collection and transfer of records play an active role in the making of effective administrative system, in accumulating and sharing the knowledge and informations of political, economical, social and cultural values. On the basis of proper collection and transfer of records our democracy can operate regularly and our daily experiences can be preserved as historical resources. For the optimal-functioned collection and transfer of public records the archivists for this task must have a comprehensive understanding of whole process of records management and possess suitable professional skills. Moreover there are many sorts of preliminary works needed for this task, as follows: an accurate defining of administrative organizations and their tasks, thorough understanding of records management institutions on their own competence and ability, and the establishment of technical standards for their tasks. Additionally the archivists are able not only to consider the present informational and evidential values of the records, but also the historical values. It can be said that the collection and transfer of records is a "synthesis of records management skills" exerted by an archivist. According to the newly established law of public records management, the collection and transfer of public records must be registered at first electronically. Through this procedure the whole contents of produced and transmitted records, which are to be transferred, can be reported in detail. By means of this report the archival institutions and the archivists can trace back the each items of records(archives) and the result of their arrangement to identify a certain object. There are also new storage strategies employed to increase the whole sum of stored informations, i. e. records and archives, in spite of reducing the storage costs. It will be achieved by differentiations of the preservation methods for each sorts of records by the criteria of storage-period, -place, and -method. Many supplementary methods are also prepared to help the collection of important records(archives) in a complete structure and form. To let this new concept and system of collection and transfer of records operate properly, a number of professional archivists should be posted in the needed places throughout the whole administrative body. Their training must be also updated for the newly defined task of collection and transfer of records.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.27
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• pp.169-208
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• 2011

In this thesis, I pursued how the concept of documentary photography in Korea was formed, and how Koreans perceive the current mix of some concepts and how they are tracked that. Korean photography society, directly or indirectly, accepted the concept and format of documentary photography of the United States in which information and discussion of the history and concept by examining the process of being transferred to Korea are examined. Giroksajin(記錄寫眞) is a translation word of documentary photography which was a part of documentary movements in the United States of the 1930s, and are all based on that concept. When we order Korean documentary photography and the subject matter must be distinct, attitude toward the things should be based on the exact perceptions of this age awareness, to be able to give enough information, and finally moved forward to move the human emotion must be. When this condition is equipped with the photographers and archivists perspective is revealed clearly the social and historical records that are meaningful. Documentary photography is the subject of the photographers and archivists that want to record the important things, but what you can get in the records and the question of how to use it is also important. Korean documentary photography, not only records the things, just to have a meaningful supplement to get done the exact context of information production and led to the conclusion that the strengthening of documentation strategies.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.312-331
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• 2019

An offshore waste disposal facility refers to a landfill site for final landfilling of stabilized inorganic solid waste such as land and marine waste incineration materials, and the aim of such a facility is to solve the problem of insufficient waste disposal space on land and create and develop environmentally friendly marine spaces. The purpose of this study is to prepare guidelines for the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities, which reflect the need and importance of paying sufficient heed to environmental considerations from the initial stage of the project, in order to investigate, predict, and assess how such guidelines will affect the marine environment in relation to the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities, with the goal of minimizing the impact on and damage to the environment. For the purpose of this research, guidelines focusing on the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities were derived through an analysis of domestic cases and similar foreign cases and an assessment of their level of compliance with existing EIA guidelines through the operation of a discussion forum. In order to review the EIA report on similar cases in Korea, 17 EIA documents (2005~2016) for dredged soil dumping areas and ash ponds of thermal power plants were analyzed to investigate the status of marine organisms, marine physics, marine water quality, and marine sediment and to understand what types of problems can occur and what improvement measures can be taken. The purpose of these guidelines were to minimize damage to the marine environment by promoting EIA protocols in accordance with scientific and systematic procedures, to reduce the consultation period related to projects, to resolve social conflicts, and to reduce economic costs.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2019

Since 2015, the government has been striving to strengthen the software capabilities required for future talent through software-oriented university in Korea. In the university selected as a software-oriented university, basic software education is given to all departments such as humanities, social science, engineering, natural science, arts and the sports within the university in order to foster convergent human resources with different knowledge and software literacy. In this paper, we analyze the contents of basic software education for twenty universities selected as software-oriented universities. As a result of analysis, most of the basic software education which is carried out to the students of the non-majors students was aimed at improvement of problem solving ability centered on computational thinking for future society and improvement of convergence ability based on computer science. It uses block-based educational programming language and text-based advanced programming language to adjust the difficulty of programming contents and contents reflecting characteristics of each major. Problem-based learning, project-based learning, and discussion method were used as the teaching and learning methods for problem solving. In the future, this paper will help to establish the systematic direction for basic software education of non-majors students.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.25
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• pp.197-231
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• 2010

The concept of Government 2.0 is spreading rapidly in many countries and is fundamentally changing existing freedom of information system which has passively responded to information demands. This study aims at discussing possible strategies for a new freedom of information system that is based on the Government 2.0 notion which presents revolutional approaches to public sector information's creation, management, and usage. For the purpose of the study, precedence studies and researches about both freedom of information system and Government 2.0 are analyzed. Furthermore, mutual relationships between them are discussed. Through this discussion, social and economic benefits from freedom of information systems which are based on Government 2.0 are explored. As a case study, Data.gov services in the US, the UK, and Australia which are recognised as a feasible plan to set up Government 2.0 are analyzed. Their three common characteristics- revaluating public sector information's reuse, establishing exclusive agencies, and providing raw data-are discussed. Then, various mashup services which use Data.gov services' raw data are also studied. Issues related to the freedom of information system in South Korea are examined. As a result, a policy framework for establishing Government 2.0 based freedom of Information system is discussed in terms of three aspects, law, technology and organization.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.67-90
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• 2018

France has allowed a deprivation of nationality for terrorism since 1996 Law. After then, a series of law revision (1998, 2006 law and 2010, 2015-2015 reform tries) have not only linked an act of terror with nationality deprivation but also put the dual national and their deprivation at the centre of dispute. Both 2010 Immigration Law by Sarkozy and 2015-2016 constitutional amendment by Hollande had been not adopted but have combined immigrants and security issue together by firmly solidifying the relationship between dual national and terrorist. Especially in 2015-2016, the constitutional amendment that failed to be adopted has extended a state of emergency and left the nationality deprivation of dual national as controversial issue. After over 4 months of discussion, the amendment that contains a clause of a state of emergency and extension plan for nationality deprivation was abolished but the dual national issues which had been non-politicized has now become politicized, defined as security issues and finally securitized. It shows very two-stage process of securitization argued by Copenhagen school including Buzan. The importance of securitization notion by Copenhagen school lies on the fact that it scrutinizes the constructive elements of the process of securitization. The concept of securitization allows us to see the problem of the process that defines a non-politicized issue as security one by making it political matter. Applying this process of securitization into the controversy of nationality deprivation of dual nationals in France, we can find out the development of non-controversial and non-politicized dual national issues into social agenda by politicization through speech-act or announcement effect.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.154-171
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• 2011

Assessing values in establishing conservation principles has been at the heart of discussions for the last twenty years since conservation has been recognised as a social process to include various kinds of stakeholders for making a rational decision rather than a single scientific activity by a small group of experts. Such perception makes values attributed to cultural heritage important in deciding the reason why, the way how to, and the thing what to conserve making value assessment become crucial theme to understand and developing value-based conservation process. However heritage values, the way of assessing them, and establishing value-based conservation principles have been less studied in Korea. This thesis aims to initiate studies of heritage values and encourage discussion for setting out value-based conservation principles. It has three main chapters: 1. to analytically review previous studies on value assessment to redelineate various kinds of values which can be attributed to Korean cultural heritage; 2. to examine affecting factors in assessing values and significance, which are authenticity and historical and cultural dimension of value assessment; 3. to develop a process to establish value-based conservation principles. This study left several areas to be developed in future studies: 1. deeper understanding of various kinds of values from local perspective taking actual cases; 2. addressing problems in compromising conflicting values and providing solution to conserve all attributed values withing devaluing certain aspects of values; 3. providing guidance for practicing value - based decision - making process and setting out regular training opportunities for heritage - related professionals.